WEBVTT 00:00:02.000 --> 00:00:51.000 Speaker1: Hello? Hello? Hello? Hello? Okay. I want to talk a little bit about the 30s, the Depression and the 30s. How was your life affected by that? 00:00:51.000 --> 00:01:05.000 Speaker2: It was a struggle, of course, in the 30s when I worked at this particular time, it was 1931, I worked for the Schwartz Bakery. 00:01:05.000 --> 00:01:07.000 Speaker1: Did you hold your job all the way through the Depression? 00:01:07.000 --> 00:01:14.000 Speaker2: I held my job all the way through the Depression. I. 00:01:14.000 --> 00:01:25.000 Speaker1: What? Were you married at that time? No, no, no. So you were living at home and helping your family out, right? What about your father? How was. Did he keep his job? 00:01:25.000 --> 00:01:32.000 Speaker2: He kept his job as a butcher, earning very little. 00:01:32.000 --> 00:01:39.000 Speaker1: What changes occurred in the union during the Depression. Do you remember? 00:01:39.000 --> 00:01:53.000 Speaker2: During the Depression. I believe that the Bakers had to give a reduction in wages. 00:01:53.000 --> 00:02:03.000 Speaker1: Do you know? Do you have any. Do you remember what percentage that was? No. No, I couldn't say. That meant they kept more people on or they. 00:02:03.000 --> 00:02:29.000 Speaker2: Kept the same amount of people. Uh huh. But it was I recall at that time, of course, as a youngster, my mind wasn't. So it was that it was contract time and we had to give a reduction. I don't know if it was a dollar or $2 a week for a certain amount. 00:02:29.000 --> 00:02:33.000 Speaker1: Okay. You said you belong to a synagogue. Yes. Which one is that? 00:02:33.000 --> 00:02:52.000 Speaker2: That's music. Hajdas. That's right here on Negele. And ach. That's Hades. That's an Orthodox, right? 00:02:52.000 --> 00:02:54.000 Speaker1: How often do you attend? 00:02:54.000 --> 00:03:02.000 Speaker2: Well, I attend. I would say about five times a year. 00:03:02.000 --> 00:03:07.000 Or six times a. 00:03:07.000 --> 00:03:54.000 Speaker1: Is there any has there been any relationship between the union and any synagogues? No, none that you recall ever? Not that I. Uh. Were you in that synagogue during World War Two? No. Do you remember what it was? When was it? Where was. You know, World War Two. 39. 00:03:54.000 --> 00:03:55.000 Speaker2: I was a member there. 00:03:55.000 --> 00:03:56.000 Speaker1: At this synagogue. 00:03:56.000 --> 00:04:03.000 Speaker2: Here. No, it was up in the Hill district. This one just moved, but it was under the same name. 00:04:03.000 --> 00:04:05.000 Speaker1: Oh, this synagogue moved from the hill. 00:04:05.000 --> 00:04:07.000 Speaker2: From the hill? That's right. 00:04:07.000 --> 00:04:15.000 Speaker1: Did do you remember the rabbi's attitude during World War Two? What? How? 00:04:15.000 --> 00:04:24.000 Speaker2: Well, they told him that about the whole situation. 00:04:24.000 --> 00:04:31.000 Speaker1: Do you remember if the rabbi encouraged Jewish people to get Americanized? 00:04:31.000 --> 00:04:34.000 Speaker2: Voices. I said I didn't attend much of the synagogue. 00:04:34.000 --> 00:04:36.000 Speaker1: Even at that time. Oh, even then. 00:04:36.000 --> 00:04:41.000 Speaker2: Even then, you know, it's. 00:04:41.000 --> 00:04:48.000 Speaker1: Do you remember the differences between Rabbi Sivits and Rabbi Oshinsky? 00:04:48.000 --> 00:04:57.000 Speaker2: I remember them, but I don't know. I wouldn't say the difference between them. They were both Orthodox rabbis. 00:04:57.000 --> 00:04:58.000 Speaker1: They were. I don't know. 00:04:58.000 --> 00:05:03.000 Speaker2: Yes, I see some rabbits. Sibbet's. Yes. They lived on the Hill District. Yes. Do you remember. 00:05:03.000 --> 00:05:07.000 Speaker1: What the thing was about? What the problem was about. 00:05:07.000 --> 00:05:20.000 Speaker2: In regards to what the did the dissension between them? Yeah. Well, not that I would say one way or another. I can't recall. 00:05:20.000 --> 00:05:37.000 Speaker1: Did it have. It didn't have anything to do with ethnic identification. Jewish? No. No. What kind of changes occurred in the union during World War Two? There was a. 00:05:37.000 --> 00:05:46.000 Speaker2: Lot of work at that particular time because a lot of our boys went to. 00:05:46.000 --> 00:05:55.000 Speaker1: What about during the 50s? Do you remember what kind of changes occurred during the 50s and 50s? 00:05:55.000 --> 00:06:14.000 Speaker2: It was a change that wages were increased. Times were getting much better. Business was good. People. The need was much greater than everything. The cost of living was going up. 00:06:14.000 --> 00:06:21.000 Speaker1: What about any. Did you have any political problems during the 50s with McCarthy or. No. No. 00:06:21.000 --> 00:06:45.000 Speaker2: The union was not affiliated with anything. They did not endorse anything because as a local union, with so many ethnic groups, Polish, Italian, Jewish colored, we tried to stay away from any political just union affair. 00:06:45.000 --> 00:06:49.000 Speaker1: So the union was never accused of anything? That's right. 00:06:49.000 --> 00:06:56.000 Speaker2: The union was never accused. 00:06:56.000 --> 00:07:06.000 Speaker1: Do you have any money saved with or insurance held with any Jewish or fraternal organizations? No. Did you ever borrow any money from any. 00:07:06.000 --> 00:07:32.000 Speaker2: The only thing is, I believe during my administration. I had thought when I was an officer, I think $1,500 of Israel bonds. Then we cashed them in. That's about it. That's the only one that we did have that we did participate in is Israel Bonds. 00:07:32.000 --> 00:07:36.000 Speaker1: Do you have any cemetery arrangements? No. 00:07:36.000 --> 00:07:43.000 Speaker2: We have cemetery been through the synagogue, but there is no arrangement. 00:07:43.000 --> 00:07:57.000 Speaker1: If you had. If you needed help, what what Who would you go to If you had? If you had. Right here. Who else would you go to in time of need? 00:07:57.000 --> 00:08:13.000 Speaker2: Well, who would you I mean to say as far as this, you can go this far. The union will not help. There is no help. The only thing is, when there's a job, if any refrain, if anybody loses a job, is that if people. 00:08:13.000 --> 00:08:17.000 Speaker1: Have a tragedy in their family and they have financial problems or. 00:08:17.000 --> 00:08:19.000 Speaker2: Well. Speaker1: Health problems, they would. 00:08:19.000 --> 00:08:47.000 Speaker2: Help probably individual. But as far as otherwise, unless they have some other fraternal organizations. But I know through the local union back in the years when there was someone needed help, we have helped them through the union, but on an individual basis, voluntary basis, but always got help. 00:08:47.000 --> 00:08:48.000 Speaker1: And you've been able to do that. 00:08:48.000 --> 00:08:52.000 Speaker2: The union. That's right. But now I couldn't say. 00:08:52.000 --> 00:08:56.000 What would happen. 00:08:56.000 --> 00:09:02.000 Speaker1: I'm interested in this this business about the officers not being paid Well. 00:09:02.000 --> 00:09:43.000 Speaker2: This local union never had full time paid officers. Every officer worked. Now it consists of secretary treasurer in a business agent. There was the two main officers. Now, the business agent job was to distribute the work. Used to have a share to work in our contract. For instance, if someone had a day here or a day here, he used to say, Listen, John, Jack, whatever it is, you go here at day and here at day and so on. Now, those were the two main offices as far as the chairman. And these. 00:09:43.000 --> 00:09:45.000 Speaker1: Officers were not full time. 00:09:45.000 --> 00:09:50.000 Speaker2: Not full time officers. They got their expense accounts. 00:09:50.000 --> 00:09:52.000 Speaker1: But they still had to hold down their regular. 00:09:52.000 --> 00:10:07.000 Speaker2: Time, their regular job. As far as the chairman, at every meeting, it was a chairman appointed or elected from the body. And he presided over the meeting. 00:10:07.000 --> 00:10:08.000 Speaker1: For each month. 00:10:08.000 --> 00:10:32.000 Speaker2: For each month, not paid. Then we had trustees who before becoming a secretary. So I was a trustee for many years. The trustees used to get $10 a year for adding the books. That's it. That was the extent of our. 00:10:32.000 --> 00:10:39.000 Speaker1: So the business agent had to essentially had to do his work, his union work, after he got through with his regular job. 00:10:39.000 --> 00:10:56.000 Speaker2: That's right. And on the day off, you know, he used to have a schedule and the secretary treasurer used to collect dues, all the communications, sick benefits and so on, went through his hands, sick legs. 00:10:56.000 --> 00:10:59.000 Speaker1: How many members would you say there were in the union when you were. 00:10:59.000 --> 00:11:06.000 Speaker2: When I was an officer. About 160. 00:11:06.000 --> 00:11:08.000 Speaker1: What about now? 00:11:08.000 --> 00:11:24.000 Speaker2: Now I think we're down to about 90. At that time, we had nine bakeries. Now we have three No, four United Baking Company, Rosenblum's, all over Sweden and four bakers. 00:11:24.000 --> 00:11:26.000 Speaker1: What happened to the other five? 00:11:26.000 --> 00:11:34.000 Speaker2: They all went out of business. Oh, really? Yes. 00:11:34.000 --> 00:11:36.000 Speaker1: What? Is your wife also Jewish? 00:11:36.000 --> 00:11:38.000 Speaker2: Yes, ma'am. 00:11:38.000 --> 00:11:44.000 Speaker1: And what about your children? Do they are they active in Jewish affairs? 00:11:44.000 --> 00:11:47.000 Speaker2: Yes, my daughter and my son in law. 00:11:47.000 --> 00:11:51.000 Speaker1: You know, what kind of stuff do they do? 00:11:51.000 --> 00:12:14.000 Speaker2: Well, of course, now, my son in law is a member of a board of directors at a home for the aged. He is. My daughter is in my breath. She's in many other organizations actively. 00:12:14.000 --> 00:12:30.000 Speaker1: Um. Um. When you came to this country. 00:12:30.000 --> 00:12:39.000 Speaker2: Yeah. Yeah. 00:12:39.000 --> 00:12:50.000 Speaker1: Were there aspects of Jewish culture which you felt came into conflict with American culture when you came over here? 00:12:50.000 --> 00:12:55.000 Speaker2: I imagine it was to my belief, it's. 00:12:55.000 --> 00:12:56.000 Speaker1: Like what. 00:12:56.000 --> 00:13:07.000 Speaker2: I tried to get the people involved in many organizations and tried to stick together and so on. 00:13:07.000 --> 00:13:17.000 Speaker1: What kind of things did you think were different about American culture than different from Jewish? 00:13:17.000 --> 00:13:18.000 I don't think it was much. 00:13:18.000 --> 00:13:22.000 Speaker2: As far as my opinion. 00:13:22.000 --> 00:13:38.000 Speaker1: You didn't feel any conflict when you went out of the Jewish community? No. What was the role of women in the Union? 00:13:38.000 --> 00:13:47.000 Speaker2: At that particular time. You had the beginning. We didn't have women in our community. 00:13:47.000 --> 00:13:48.000 Speaker1: What about now? 00:13:48.000 --> 00:13:57.000 Speaker2: Now we have male and female helpers, icers and so on, which before we didn't. 00:13:57.000 --> 00:13:59.000 Speaker1: When did that start? 00:13:59.000 --> 00:14:12.000 Speaker2: That started, I would say, in about 1930. By about 1938 or so. 00:14:12.000 --> 00:14:19.000 Speaker1: During the war? Yeah. So what happened? I mean, has the role of women changed since then in the union? 00:14:19.000 --> 00:14:33.000 Speaker2: Well, they better themselves as far as the livelihood and benefits, the same as the male and so on. 00:14:33.000 --> 00:14:41.000 Speaker1: How is membership in the union affected your position in the in the Jewish community? 00:14:41.000 --> 00:14:42.000 Speaker2: In regards to. 00:14:42.000 --> 00:14:46.000 Speaker1: What in terms of how people regard you, how they look at you. 00:14:46.000 --> 00:14:57.000 Speaker2: They looked at us at that particular time as as far as the public, you would say. Is that right? They would say they want more money, that's all. 00:14:57.000 --> 00:15:05.000 Speaker1: No, I mean, the public, the Jewish people, people in the Jewish community, they knew that you were active in the union. How did that affect their attitudes towards you? 00:15:05.000 --> 00:15:16.000 Speaker2: Wonderful. Great. They family was a good gesture that improving the working conditions for everyone. 00:15:16.000 --> 00:15:23.000 Speaker1: What economic class do you identify with? Do you think you're a part of. 00:15:23.000 --> 00:15:25.000 Speaker2: What do you mean by economic class? 00:15:25.000 --> 00:15:29.000 Speaker1: Say somebody said, you know, asked you what class you were in. What would you say? What do you. 00:15:29.000 --> 00:15:34.000 Speaker2: Mean? High brackets? Yeah, just the middle. 00:15:34.000 --> 00:15:35.000 Speaker1: Middle class. 00:15:35.000 --> 00:15:36.000 Speaker2: That's right. 00:15:36.000 --> 00:15:45.000 Speaker1: How has membership in the union affected your moving from class to class? 00:15:45.000 --> 00:15:54.000 Speaker2: Well, they were just giving me credit for being able to move my up, you know, and to better my conditions and so on. 00:15:54.000 --> 00:15:56.000 Speaker1: You feel the union had a lot to do with? 00:15:56.000 --> 00:16:01.000 Speaker2: Yes. Yes. 00:16:01.000 --> 00:16:07.000 Speaker1: Our our members of. Are there any members of the union who are upper class, would you say? 00:16:07.000 --> 00:16:23.000 Speaker2: No, I would say none. They're all middle class people. I would not put them up in the high brackets or. 00:16:23.000 --> 00:16:26.000 Speaker1: Okay. Do you remember the old Irene Kaufmann settlement? 00:16:26.000 --> 00:16:27.000 Speaker2: Yes, ma'am. 00:16:27.000 --> 00:16:28.000 Speaker1: Could you tell me something about that? 00:16:28.000 --> 00:16:38.000 Speaker2: Well, there was a another place where most of the Jewish people were gathered. 00:16:38.000 --> 00:16:39.000 Speaker1: What did they do there? 00:16:39.000 --> 00:16:49.000 Speaker2: They used to have shows. Dancing, basketball games, swimming, all the recreations. 00:16:49.000 --> 00:16:50.000 Speaker1: Did they have any classes there? 00:16:50.000 --> 00:17:02.000 Speaker2: I imagine they would. Of course, I did not participate much in it except going to dances and so on. Those particular years. But it was a well noted place. 00:17:02.000 --> 00:17:05.000 Speaker1: What about Anna Heldman? Do you remember her? 00:17:05.000 --> 00:17:15.000 Speaker2: I remember her, but I couldn't say much because she was a part of. Part of that? Yeah. 00:17:15.000 --> 00:17:28.000 Speaker1: Do you remember their crusades to clean up Pittsburgh? What do you remember hearing about the red light district in the hill in the 20s? 00:17:28.000 --> 00:17:32.000 Oh, it was. 00:17:32.000 --> 00:17:43.000 Speaker2: They existed there during the early 20s. Of course. I was a kid then. Monday, killing the manna from the whole district. 00:17:43.000 --> 00:17:46.000 Speaker1: What do you remember hearing about it later? 00:17:46.000 --> 00:17:54.000 Speaker2: Of course, that they cleaned them out, that they were corrupt and so on, and it affected the children. 00:17:54.000 --> 00:18:17.000 Speaker1: And so that's what kind of people ran them, do you know, like who were in charge of putting them together and stuff? You don't know. Well, of course, some racketeers. So it was pretty much rackets then. Yes. What about the founding of Montefiore Hospital? What do you remember about that? 00:18:17.000 --> 00:18:27.000 Speaker2: The only thing is I recall it. This was the time when I had the accident. At that particular time, the hospital was up on Centre Avenue, a small hospital. 00:18:27.000 --> 00:18:32.000 That's what I was taken to. 00:18:32.000 --> 00:18:37.000 Speaker1: So it was already there? Yeah. What about when it moved to Oakland? Do you remember that? 00:18:37.000 --> 00:18:44.000 Speaker2: No. I mean, it never occurred that I should pay attention to it. 00:18:44.000 --> 00:18:50.000 Speaker1: When you were growing up, what types of jobs did most Jews have that you knew? 00:18:50.000 --> 00:19:08.000 Speaker2: Court jobs at that time it was. I would say the same as now, working in department stores and so on. Of course, at that time they were willing to learn a trade like a baker, a butcher, and so on. 00:19:08.000 --> 00:19:15.000 Speaker1: So you don't think that Jews have made any advancements since then in the types of jobs they have? 00:19:15.000 --> 00:19:32.000 Speaker2: Oh, they made advancements. Now they go into colleges and become doctors, professional men, lawyers and so on. Accountants which at that time their finances wouldn't allow them. There was. 00:19:32.000 --> 00:19:34.000 Speaker1: What do you think of intermarriage? 00:19:34.000 --> 00:19:38.000 Speaker2: Well, I don't approve of it. I personally. 00:19:38.000 --> 00:19:40.000 Speaker1: Was. 00:19:40.000 --> 00:19:49.000 Speaker2: Because I feel that you should be within your religion. 00:19:49.000 --> 00:19:50.000 I'll go this way. 00:19:50.000 --> 00:19:54.000 Speaker1: Have your views on Zionism changed? 00:19:54.000 --> 00:20:07.000 Speaker2: I think design. Isn't it a wonderful thing? It's something that I approve. This does help out the Jewish people in the way of getting into togetherness. 00:20:07.000 --> 00:20:08.000 Speaker1: You haven't changed your opinions on that? 00:20:08.000 --> 00:20:13.000 Speaker2: No, I haven't. 00:20:13.000 --> 00:20:20.000 Speaker1: Uh. What neighborhoods in Pittsburgh have you lived in? 00:20:20.000 --> 00:20:30.000 Speaker2: The only neighborhood I lived was in the Hill District. And then around East End or Square Hill. I mean, those are the three neighborhoods. 00:20:30.000 --> 00:20:34.000 Speaker1: When did you move up to, uh, Stanton Heights from Squirrel Hill? 00:20:34.000 --> 00:20:45.000 Speaker2: No, I moved from from East End to. To Stanton Heights. It was in 1959. 00:20:45.000 --> 00:20:47.000 Speaker1: Oh, you never lived in Squirrel Hill? 00:20:47.000 --> 00:20:49.000 Speaker2: I lived in Squirrel Hill a couple of years. 00:20:49.000 --> 00:20:50.000 Speaker1: And then you moved to East End. 00:20:50.000 --> 00:20:54.000 Speaker2: Then I moved to East End. Then we bought a home here. 00:20:54.000 --> 00:20:56.000 Speaker1: Where in East End were you? 00:20:56.000 --> 00:21:04.000 Speaker2: I've been around Hayes Street. Hayes and Negley. 00:21:04.000 --> 00:21:17.000 Speaker1: Did you when you moved out of the hill, did you join any other organizations for Jewish people? Any new ones? No. No. What about when you moved up here? Did you join any new organizations? 00:21:17.000 --> 00:21:20.000 Speaker2: No. The same that I been always. 00:21:20.000 --> 00:21:30.000 Speaker1: You didn't change your membership and or drop any membership in any. No. No. Where are your parents? Buried? 00:21:30.000 --> 00:21:32.000 Speaker2: In Millville. 00:21:32.000 --> 00:21:35.000 Speaker1: Right here. That's a Jewish cemetery. 00:21:35.000 --> 00:21:40.000 Speaker2: No. Yeah, that's a Jewish cemetery. 00:21:40.000 --> 00:21:43.000 Speaker1: But you don't own a cemetery plot. 00:21:43.000 --> 00:21:44.000 Speaker2: No, no, no, no. 00:21:44.000 --> 00:21:47.000 Speaker1: You will get buried by the synagogue. Yeah. 00:21:47.000 --> 00:21:53.000 Speaker2: Well, unless my wife wants to put me somewhere else. 00:21:53.000 --> 00:21:56.000 Speaker1: Do you belong to a family or cousins club? 00:21:56.000 --> 00:22:04.000 Speaker2: We have a family club. Cousins. The of my brothers, a couple of. 00:22:04.000 --> 00:22:10.000 Them and some of the members, you know, passed away So dissolved. 00:22:10.000 --> 00:22:12.000 Speaker1: What what was it like? What did you do there? 00:22:12.000 --> 00:22:27.000 Speaker2: Well, it was like a social I get together every month, different homes and reminisce the past and so on. Coffee and cake. Maybe we played a little cards. 00:22:27.000 --> 00:22:33.000 Speaker1: It was were the the newer generations involved in that? The. Yes. 00:22:33.000 --> 00:22:37.000 Speaker2: Your children. Yes. They were all they used to come up and play. 00:22:37.000 --> 00:22:45.000 Speaker1: That's right. What was there some financial thing involved, like dues or any kind of. 00:22:45.000 --> 00:22:52.000 Speaker2: Was any dues involved? Oh, yes. Yes. Then we used to go out to nightclubs and so on. 00:22:52.000 --> 00:22:54.000 Speaker1: But it was the dues was all for social activity. 00:22:54.000 --> 00:22:55.000 Speaker2: For social. 00:22:55.000 --> 00:22:57.000 Speaker1: Activity. It wasn't for saving or anything. 00:22:57.000 --> 00:22:59.000 Speaker2: No, no, no. 00:22:59.000 --> 00:23:13.000 Speaker1: Or investment? No. Social. Okay. Are there any questions that I any things you want to say about the union that I didn't ask about? 00:23:13.000 --> 00:23:49.000 Speaker2: The only thing is that the union is improved with benefits that everyone benefits by it. A pension fund which is never I brought in in that pension fund in 1958, the year before our welfare fund was brought in, I think in 1956. And the worker gets paid for going to the hospital. So much pay he gets a pension. It depends upon the service. Many years you have. 00:23:49.000 --> 00:23:59.000 Speaker1: Were the in the in the international Union, was there a discriminate any kind of discriminatory attitudes towards the Jewish unions? 00:23:59.000 --> 00:24:17.000 Speaker2: No, it wasn't. And I will say at that particular time, they looked up to the Jewish local unions because they were more advanced in many of their undertakings that they did that American unions. 00:24:17.000 --> 00:24:25.000 Speaker1: When would you say that the the ethnic composition of the union started to change from Jewish to non-Jewish? 00:24:25.000 --> 00:24:27.000 Speaker2: I would say about ten years. 00:24:27.000 --> 00:24:33.000 Speaker1: Ago it was Jewish. Up until then it was Jewish, Yes. 00:24:33.000 --> 00:25:03.000 Speaker2: 1015. This. But at that time when I joined up, of course, which I gave some books to Mr. Sullivan, the minutes of the meetings were kept in Jewish. She had some of the books, which to me, I couldn't bear to read a little, you know. But not everything was conducted in Jewish. The meetings. 00:25:03.000 --> 00:25:04.000 Speaker1: When did that stop? 00:25:04.000 --> 00:25:26.000 Speaker2: That stopped, I would say about. About 1932, 33, 35. You see, as the older people retired without anything. The younger generation did not mistaken a lot of American boys and it was changed into Do the. 00:25:26.000 --> 00:25:29.000 Speaker1: Did the union have a publication, regular publication. 00:25:29.000 --> 00:25:34.000 Speaker2: In the international. They have a bakery journal which is still in existence. 00:25:34.000 --> 00:25:36.000 Speaker1: But you didn't have any for the. 00:25:36.000 --> 00:25:38.000 Speaker2: From the local. Yeah. No. 00:25:38.000 --> 00:25:47.000 Speaker1: No. Did you have any written communication among the 160 members that you had? No. No newsletter or no. 00:25:47.000 --> 00:25:50.000 Speaker2: Newsletter of any kind. 00:25:50.000 --> 00:25:56.000 Speaker1: So your relationships with them was all through the officers? Yes. Yes. 00:25:56.000 --> 00:26:05.000 Speaker2: I attended quite a number of conventions. Local. State. 00:26:05.000 --> 00:26:10.000 Speaker1: What how often the union the local met once a month. 00:26:10.000 --> 00:26:34.000 Speaker2: Once a month. We used to at those particular years way back we used to meet semi-monthly twice a month. But later on I would say in the 30s we changed it to once a month, every month, the last Saturday of each month. We used to have a meeting and pay the dues and discuss. 00:26:34.000 --> 00:26:36.000 Speaker1: On Saturday. Speaker2: Night. No, Saturday, noon. 00:26:36.000 --> 00:26:42.000 Speaker1: Saturday noon. Yes, ma'am. On the Sabbath. On the Sabbath. 00:26:42.000 --> 00:27:38.000 Speaker2: About years back. It used to be on Fridays. When the Jewish organization was more Jewish people. But during this in 1938, 39, 40s when that changed. We used to have meetings on Saturdays because because most of the workers were off on Saturdays. They did not bake even now. So the meetings are on Saturdays. Oh, Annie, you can get ready and. 00:27:38.000 --> 00:27:45.000 Speaker1: Oh, you stay part of the did you stay with the AFL all the way until they affiliated with the CIO in the 50s? 00:27:45.000 --> 00:27:46.000 Speaker2: Yes. 00:27:46.000 --> 00:27:50.000 Speaker1: So you were never part of the CIO before? No. 00:27:50.000 --> 00:28:00.000 Speaker2: Before. No. Before it was the AFL. But whenever the AFL merged with the CIO, that became one organization, so we were always with him. 00:28:00.000 --> 00:28:07.000 Speaker1: Oh, I see why it was so old now. I was thinking more of the industrial unions in the 30s. Okay, thanks a lot. 00:28:07.000 --> 00:29:07.000 Speaker2: Okay, honey, I hope it's. Isn't it? Okay.
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