Guide to the August Wilson Archive, SC.2020.05

Arrangement

Repository
ULS Archives & Special Collections
Title
August Wilson Archive
Collection Number
SC.2020.05
Extent
126 Linear Feet
Date
ca.1965-2018
Date
1907-2018
Abstract
August Wilson (1945-2005) was a Pittsburgh-born playwright best known for his cycle of ten plays referred to as the American Century Cycle that depict the lives and experiences of African Americans throughout the twentieth century. The August Wilson Archive contains the documentation relating to his writing career including drafts of each of his published and unpublished plays along with correspondence and other writings. Also included are notebooks, artwork, documentation on several hundred productions of his plays, audio-visual recordings, awards, photographs, and more.
Language
English .
Publisher
ULS Archives & Special Collections
Address
University of Pittsburgh Library System
Archives & Special Collections
Website: library.pitt.edu/archives-special-collections
Business Number: 412-648-3232 (Thomas) | 412-648-8190 (Hillman)
Contact Us: www.library.pitt.edu/ask-archivist
URL: http://library.pitt.edu/archives-special-collections

Access Restrictions

CONTENT WARNING -- This finding aid contains records that have been identified as including offensive, harmful, racist, or misrepresentative creator supplied language. In keeping with archival best practice, this language has been retained to preserve the context of the records. In keeping but acknowledging this language, A&SC hopes to encourage critical assessment and questioning of historical materials. Researchers should bear this in mind when accessing.

Due to preservation concerns, researchers will only be granted access to facsimile copies of the materials in the Notebooks series.

Acquisition Information

Acquired from the August Wilson Estate on August 24, 2020.

Arrangement

The August Wilson Archive is arranged into the following series:

Series I. American Century Cycle

Series II. Artwork

Series III. Audio-Visual Recordings

Series IV. Awards

Series V. Correspondence

Series VI. Electronic Records

Series VII. Film and Television Adaptations

Series VIII. Financial

Series IX. Newspaper Clippings

Series X. Notebooks

Series XI. Other Writings and Speeches

Series XII. Personal Collections of Film, Music, and Literature

Series XIII. Photographs

Series XIV. Poetry

Series XV. Props and Personal Effects

Series XVI. Topical Files

Series XVII. University of Pittsburgh

Biography

August Wilson was born Frederick August Kittel, Jr. in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, on April 27, 1945. He was the fourth of seven children born to Daisy Wilson and Frederik August Kittel, Sr. His father, a German immigrant from Sudenland (now the Czech Republic and its people are at times referred to as Bohemian German), was a master baker. Wilson's mother, an African American woman from North Carolina, was a domestic worker. As a child he attended St. Richard's Parochial School before enrolling in Pittsburgh's Central Catholic High School. He dropped out after one year and then enrolled at Connelly Vocational High School. Wilson ended his formal education at age fifteen, following accusations of plagiarism while attending Gladstone High School located in the Hazelwood neighborhood of Pittsburgh. Afterwards his education was self-directed by frequenting branches of the Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, later receiving an honorary diploma from the institution as an adult.

Wilson supported himself with various odd jobs as a young man. Later, he became involved in the Black Arts Movement, the cultural arm of the Black Power Movement. This led him to co-found the Black Horizons Theatre along with Rob Penny, Curtiss Porter, Tony Fountain, and E. Philip McKain as a means of disseminating Black nationalist ideas to Pittsburgh's Black community. Although Wilson considered himself a poet at this time, he made his first foray into playwrighting with a one-act play called Recycle in 1973 after seeing a performance of Athol Fulgard's Siswe Bansi Is Dead at the Pittsburgh Public Theater.

In 1978, Wilson moved to St. Paul, Minnesota, where his friend Claude Purdy secured for him a job writing educational plays for children at the Science Museum of Minnesota. During this time, he wrote the first iteration of Jitney, which would later become part of the American Century Cycle. Wilson sent Jitney to the Playwrights' Center of Minneapolis in 1980, where he was rewarded with a Jerome Fellowship. The stipend he received from this award enabled him to establish himself as a full-time playwright. Wilson's breakthrough occurred in 1982, when a staged reading of Ma Rainey's Black Bottom was held at the Eugene O'Neill Theatre Center's National Playwrights Conference. Ma Rainey's Black Bottom made its world premiere at the Yale Repertory Theatre in April 1984 before opening at the Cort Theatre on Broadway in October 1984.

Upon finding commercial and critical success with Ma Rainey's Black Bottom, Wilson spent his career writing what is now known as the American Century Cycle, a group of ten plays that examined the African American experience in each decade of the twentieth century: Gem of the Ocean (set in 1904), Joe Turner's Come and Gone (set in 1911), Ma Rainey's Black Bottom (set in 1927), The Piano Lesson (set in 1936), Seven Guitars (set in 1948), Fences (set in 1957), Two Trains Running (set in 1969), Jitney (set in 1977), King Hedley II (set in 1985), and Radio Golf (set in 1997).

Wilson received numerous honors throughout his career, highlighted by twice being awarded the Pulitzer Prize in Drama for Fences (1987) and The Piano Lesson (1990). He was also granted the Rockefeller (1983) and Guggenheim (1986) Fellowships in Playwrighting, the Whiting Writers Award (1986), the Heinz Award (2003), and the National Humanities Medal (1999). The American Century Cycle plays were routinely nominated for and received several awards by the American Theatre Wing's Tony Awards, the Drama Desk Awards, and the New York Drama Critics' Circle.

In 1990, during his work on The Piano Lesson, Wilson relocated to Seattle, Washington's Capitol Hill neighborhood. During his time in Seattle, Wilson developed a working relationship with Seattle Repertory Theatre, where he debuted the work that became How I Learned What I Learned in 2003.

August Wilson was married three times. His first marriage was to Brenda Burton, which ended in divorce in 1972. The couple's only child, Sakina Ansari, was born in 1970 while residing in Pittsburgh. In 1981 Wilson married St. Paul, Minnesota area social worker Judy Oliver, which also ended in divorce in 1990. After relocating to Seattle, he married Costanza Romero in 1994. Romero is a costume designer whose work was a part of many American Century Cycle productions. The couple had a daughter Azula Carmen Wilson. Wilson's six siblings are: Freda Ellis, Linda Jean Kittel, Donna Conley, Barbara Jean Wilson, Edwin Kittel, and Richard Kittel.

August Wilson died on October 2, 2005 of liver cancer in Seattle. He was buried in Greenwood Cemetery in the Pittsburgh suburb O'Hara Township along members of his maternal family. Shortly after his death, Broadway's Virginia Theatre was renamed the August Wilson Theatre.

Preferred Citation

August Wilson Archive, ca.1965-2020, SC.2020.05, Archives & Special Collections, University of Pittsburgh Library System

Processing Information

This collection was processed by Dr. Leah Mickens and William Daw along with Miriam Meislik, Anaïs Grateau, and student assistants Amanda Awanjo, Caroline Brody, Ashton Crawley, Victoria LaFave, Dria Lai, Clare Ninke, Ma'Kayla A. Palmer, Kathryn Perkins, Alivia G. Pierce, Madeline Ruzak, Olivia Shankle, Maggie Shaheen, Emma Squire, Adrianna Taraboletti, and Diael Thomas between 2021 and the present.

Scope and Contents

The August Wilson Archive contains documentation of the professional life and works of the two-time Pulitzer Prize-winning American playwright who is known for depicting 20th century African American life and culture on stage. Included in the archive are draft scripts of the published American Century Cycle plays as well as his unpublished plays. Also included are published and unpublished short stories, poetry, script fragments, handwritten notes, correspondence, notebooks, photographs, production materials, newspaper and magazine clippings, stage designs, artwork, honorary degrees, awards, legal and financial documents, audio visual materials, and memorabilia. The majority of the archive is in English, but there are some materials in Dutch, Japanese, Mandarin Chinese, and Spanish.

Copyright

The University of Pittsburgh holds the property rights to the material in this collection, but the copyright may still be held by the original creator/author. Researchers are therefore advised to follow the regulations set forth in the U.S. Copyright Code when publishing, quoting, or reproducing material from this collection without the consent of the creator/author or that go beyond what is allowed by fair use.

The University of Pittsburgh Library System reserves the right to limit or prohibit reproductions from the August Wilson Archive due to copyright concerns. To produce, perform, or publish any manuscripts, scripts, production documents, and personal information contained within the August Wilson Archive permissions must be sought through the individual copyright holder.

Container List