Repository

ULS Archives & Special Collections

Title

Jonas Salk Polio Vaccine Collection

Creator

University of Pittsburgh. Archives Service Center

Creator

University of Pittsburgh. Health Science News Bureau

Collection Number

UA.90.F89

Extent

8.5 Linear Feet in 11 boxes

Date

1917-2005

Abstract

The Jonas Salk Polio Vaccine Collection consists of materials relating to the history of polio, the polio vaccine research and trials, and internal public relations documents and newspaper articles collected by the School of Health Sciences. Digital reproductions of some photographs are available online.

Language

English .

Author

Miriam Meislik and Tiffany Brand; Additions by Zachary Brodt and Jason M Rampelt.

Publisher

ULS Archives & Special Collections

Address

University of Pittsburgh Library System
Archives & Special Collections
Website: library.pitt.edu/archives-special-collections
Business Number: 412-648-3232 (Thomas) | 412-648-8190 (Hillman)
Contact Us: www.library.pitt.edu/ask-archivist
URL: http://library.pitt.edu/archives-special-collections

Biography

Jonas Edward Salk was born in New York City on October 14, 1914. He attended the City College of New York and received his MD from New York University. Shortly after graduation, he began a career in medical research with an emphasis on virology and epidemiology. Prior to arriving at the University of Pittsburgh Salk spent five years at the University of Michigan where, among other positions, he conducted research on influenza and influenza vaccines.

Salk accepted a research appointment at the University of Pittsburgh medical school in 1947 and began work on the polio vaccine the following year. The Vaccine Advisory Committee of the National Foundation of Infantile Paralysis highlighted the effort of Salk's research team in a joint 1954 conference report with the United States Public Health Service entitled "Poliomyelitis Vaccine Types 1, 2, and 3: Recommendations of Vaccine Advisory Committee of National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis." Salk began human trials in 1954 and the vaccine was declared viable for mass production in April 1955.

In the 1960s, after his work at the University of Pittsburgh, Salk founded the Salk Institute for Biological Studies located in LaJolla, California. Salk also conducted research on cancer and multiple sclerosis. He spent the remainder of his medical career working on a vaccine for HIV-AIDS and co-founding the Immune Response Corporation with Kevin Kimberlin to address the disease. Salk died in LaJolla at the age of 80 on June 23, 1995.

History

Until the creation of the polio vaccine, poliomyelitis, or polio as it was known, was a disabling and potentially fatal illness. Jonas Salk and a team of physicians and other researchers worked toward developing a polio vaccine at the University of Pittsburgh's Virus Research Laboratory located in the Municipal Hospital for Contagious Diseases, from 1948-1955. Research centered on the use of a "killed" virus, which Salk argued was safer, rather than a live culture of the polio vaccine that had been used by other researchers.

Crucial to the development of the vaccine was a rapid color test designed by microbiologist and Salk team member, Julius Youngner. The test measured the amount of the virus in living tissue and allowed researchers to track the effects of the vaccine on the virus. Youngner also shaped techniques used in trypsinization, the process used to grow the polio vaccine in large quantities which enabled research and testing of the vaccine on a large scale.

Support by the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis aided Salk in his research. Formed in 1938, the foundation began a campaign in earnest to eradicate the disease and supported Salk's team through the vaccine trials. After a series of human trials in 1954, which included Salk and his family, the vaccine was pronounced "safe, effective and potent," on April 12, 1955. The popularity of the vaccine took a hit during the "Cutter Incident," when Cutter Laboratories mixed in a live strain of the virus into the vaccine batches the lab was manufacturing. The incident resulted in cases of permanent paralysis and five deaths.

In honor of the vaccine, anniversaries of the achievement were celebrated at 10 years, 30 and 50 years post-vaccine trial success. A documentary, The Shot Felt 'Round the World, produced by Carl Kurlander and directed by Tjardus Greidanus premiered on the 55th anniversary of the vaccine.

Scope and Content Notes

The Jonas Salk Polio Vaccine Collection consists of materials relating to the history of polio, Jonas Salk's polio vaccine research and trials, and anniversaries celebrating the Salk team's achievement. Materials originate from a variety of sources that track the development of the polio vaccine. Among these resources can be found newspaper articles dating from 1917 to 2005 regarding the issue of polio and detailing the efforts of Salk and his team. The collection also includes early reports in the fight against polio, a radio interview, and still and digital photographic images.

Acquisition Information

Portions of this collection were deposited by Lisa Rossi, Associate Director, Health Science News Bureau. Additional material has been gathered from the University Archives vertical file and the School of Health Sciences own media file on Jonas Salk.

Arrangement

The Jonas Salk Polio Vaccine Collection is arranged according to subject and chronologically within each series.

I. History and Anniversaries

II. Newspaper clippings

III. Photographs

IV. School of Health Sciences Collection of Jonas Salk materials (1944-1984)

Access Restrictions

No restrictions.

Existence and Location of Copies

Digital reproductions of the photographs are available online as part of the University of Pittsburgh Historic Photographs collection.

Previous Citation

Jonas Salk Polio Vaccine Collection, 1917-2005, UA.90.F89, University Archives, Archives Service Center, University of Pittsburgh

Preferred Citation

Jonas Salk Polio Vaccine Collection, 1917-2005, UA.90.F89, University Archives, Archives & Special Collections, University of Pittsburgh Library System

Processing Information

This collection was processed by Miriam Meislik and Tiffany Brand in August 2010. The collection was reorganized to incorporate additional materials added in September 2012. Files originating from the School of Health Sciences were added in 2024 by Zachary Brodt and Jason M. Rampelt.

Copyright

The University of Pittsburgh holds the property rights to the material in this collection, but the copyright may still be held by the original creator/author. Researchers are therefore advised to follow the regulations set forth in the U.S. Copyright Code when publishing, quoting, or reproducing material from this collection without the consent of the creator/author or that go beyond what is allowed by fair use.

Related Material

Jonas Salk Papers, 1943-1995, UA.90.F89.1, University Archives, Archives & Special Collections, University of Pittsburgh Library System.

Thomas Parran Papers, 1916-1962, UA.90.F14, University Archives, Archives & Special Collections, University of Pittsburgh Library System.

UA.Film.Video CBS See It Now-Edward R. Murrow Interviews Jonas Salk, 1953.

Philip W. Parkinson Memorabilia Collection, 1956-1958, UA.91.A1, University Archives, Archives & Special Collections, University of Pittsburgh Library System, Box 1, Folder 6.

"Polio Report", Division of Research in the Natural Sciences Office Files, 1930-1968, UA.90.4.1.2, University Archives, Archives & Special Collections, University of Pittsburgh Library System, Box 16, Folder 150.

University of Pittsburgh, Edward H. Litchfield, Administrative Files, 1956-1965 UA.2.10.

Subjects

Corporate Names

• National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis
• University of Pittsburgh. School of Medicine
• University of Pittsburgh. Virus Research Laboratory

Personal Names

• Salk, Jonas, 1914-1995

Genres

• Photographs
• Clippings (Information artifacts)

Other Subjects

• Polio vaccine -- Development
• Polio vaccine -- Research
• Medicine -- Societies, etc.
• University of Pittsburgh
• Health and medicine
• Medicine -- Research -- Pennsylvania
• Research institutes -- Pennsylvania -- Pittsburgh
• Public health -- United States
• Universities and colleges -- Pennsylvania -- Pittsburgh
• Academic medical centers -- Pennsylvania -- Pittsburgh

Container List

Series I. Polio Vaccine History and Anniversaries, 1917-2005

Scope and Content Notes

Items relating to the history of polio research and the 10th and 50th anniversaries celebrating the vaccine including published papers, memorabilia, and press materials.

Polio Vaccine Timeline

Containers

box 1, folder 1

Press Releases, 1952-2005

Containers

box 1, folder 2

Jonas Salk, "The Importance of Identifying the Polio Viruses", January 1, 1950

Containers

box 1, folder 3

Jonas Salk, "Studies in Human Subjects on Active Immunization Against Poliomyelitis", March 28, 1953

Containers

box 1, folder 4

Scope and Content Notes

Article published in the Journal of the American Medical Association reporting on the research being conducted on polio at the Virus Research Laboratory, Department of Bacteriology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh. Co-authors included Major Byron L. Bennett, L. James Lewis, Elsie Ward, and Julius Youngner.

"Poliomyelitis Vaccine Types 1, 2, and 3", April 25, 1954

Containers

box 1, folder 5

Scope and Content Notes

Report issued by the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis on the state of polio research and work of Dr. Jonas Salk.

J. S. Youngner, "Demonstration of Neutralizing Antibodies for Poliomyelitis Viruses", September 1955

Containers

box 1, folder 6

Scope and Content Notes

Original typescript written by Julius Younger discussing techniques of neutralizing antibodies for poliomyelitis viruses. Published September 1955 in the Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

Kenneth S. Landauer, "Passive and Active Immunization Against Poliomyelitis: Current Status", Summer 1954

Containers

box 1, folder 7

Scope and Content Notes

Published report detailing the advances made in polio research with attention paid to the work at the University of Pittsburgh. Landauer was the Assistant Medical Director at the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis.

Polio Pioneer, Card and Badge, 1954

Containers

box 1, folder 8

Scope and Content Notes

Three items relating to the Polio Pioneer program. Included is a membership card indicating that the bearer is a Polio Pioneer; a badge with the words Polio Pioneer, the date of 1954 and a red silhouette of a man in a lab looking through a microscope; and one letter of authenticity from a Polio Pioneer discussing her experience as one of the children receiving the vaccine at the Crossroads Elementary School in Norfolk, Virginia.

Polio Pioneers were one of nearly two million first, second, and third graders from 217 test sites in 44 states who were the first to receive the Salk vaccine.

Memo, "Blank Check", February 19, 1953

Containers

box 1, folder 9

Poverello Medal, December 4, 1955

Containers

box 1, folder 10

Scope and Content Notes

Program and certificate awarding Jonas Salk the Povarello Medal during Founder's Day festivities at The College of Steubenville, Stuebenville, Ohio.

Transcript, "See It Now", 1955

Containers

box 1, folder 11

Scope and Content Notes

Transcript published by Simon and Schuster of Edward R. Murrow's interview with Jonas Salk on the program, "See It Now". One 16mm BW film of the program and digitized copy are available.

Transcript, John Callaway Interviews Jonas Salk, October 29, 1981

Containers

box 1, folder 12

Scope and Content Notes

Transcript from the interview with Dr. Jonas Salk on the WTTW Chicago produced show, John Callaway Interviews.

10th Anniversary Booklet, April 12, 1965

Containers

box 1, folder 13

50th Anniversary, 2005

50th Anniversary Publicity, 2005

Jonas Salk Stamp

Containers

box 1, folder 14

Scope and Content Notes

Photocopied enlargement of a 33 cent stamp honoring Jonas Salk created for the 50th anniversary of the polio vaccine.

Polio Vaccine 50th Anniversary Commemoration Press Materials

Containers

box 1, folder 15

Scope and Content Notes

Compact discs containing digital images and digital press materials used in promotion of the 50th anniversary of the polio vaccine. Also included is an NPR interview dated April 12, 2005 from the Morning Edition program.

Polio Vaccine 50th Anniversary Commemoration Press Materials, 2005

Containers

box 1, folder 16

Scope and Content Notes

This file contains items including the official University of Pittsburgh/UPMC press kit for the 50th anniversary.

Polio Vaccine 50th Anniversary Commemoration Press Materials, January 2005- April 2005

Containers

box 1, folder 17

Scope and Content Notes

Bound copies of press releases and news clippings gathered to document the 50th anniversary of the polio vaccine.

Polio Vaccine 50th Anniversary News Clippings, 2005

Containers

box 1, folder 18-19

Extent

2 folders

Scope and Content Notes

Newspaper clippings and other news related articles from print and web resources discussing the 50th anniversary of the Polio vaccine.

Polio Vaccine 50th Anniversary Ephemera, 1955-2005

Containers

box 1, folder 20

Scope and Content Notes

Published resources discussing Polio and the vaccine including pamphlets; a chronology of the field trials; a fact sheet regarding the announcement of the vaccine on April 12, 1955; the Jonas Salk stamp; and documents discussing, "Whatever Happened to Polio?"

"Defeat of an Enemy", 2005

Containers

box 1, folder 21

Scope and Content Notes

Book published by the University of Pittsburgh to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the polio vaccine. The book includes sections providing a timeline of polio vaccine history, biographies of symposium presenters, a photo essay, stories about the fight against polio in other countries, and a montage of newspaper mastheads announcing the end of polio.

"Remembering Polio" 50th Anniversary Celebration - Personal Accounts, 2005

Contents

On April 10, 2005, the University of Pittsburgh celebrated the 50th anniversary of the announcement (April 12, 1955) that the Salk polio vaccine was effective. In preparation for the "Remembering Polio" event, personal accounts were solicited from former polio vaccine trial participants. This series contains personal accounts and some documentation and correspondence with the Virus Research Laboratory. The accounts and documentation speaks about events in 1952-1964, from the beginning of the earliest trials at the D. T. Watson Home, to the end of the latest 10-yr. follow up studies.

A, 2005

Containers

box 4, folder 1

B, 2005

Containers

box 4, folder 2

C, 2005

Containers

box 4, folder 3

D, 2005

Containers

box 4, folder 4

E, 2005

Containers

box 4, folder 5

F, 2005

Containers

box 4, folder 6

G, 2005

Containers

box 4, folder 7

H, 2005

Containers

box 4, folder 8

J, 2005

Containers

box 4, folder 9

K, 2005

Containers

box 4, folder 10

L, 2005

Containers

box 4, folder 11

M, 2005

Containers

box 4, folder 12

N, 2005

Containers

box 4, folder 13

O, 2005

Containers

box 4, folder 14

P, 2005

Containers

box 4, folder 15

R, 2005

Containers

box 4, folder 16

S, 2005

Containers

box 4, folder 17

T, 2005

Containers

box 4, folder 18

U-V, 2005

Containers

box 4, folder 19

W-Y, 2005

Containers

box 4, folder 20

Series II. Newspaper Clippings, 1917-2005

Extent

30 folders

Scope and Content Notes

Photocopied newspaper clippings documenting the history of polio including the frustration in treating infantile paralysis, the development of the polio vaccine, testing of the polio vaccine, the 10th 25th, and 50th anniversaries of the polio vaccine, and Salk's work on the AIDS vaccine.

Newspaper clippings, 1917

Containers

box 2, folder 1

Newspaper clippings, ca. 1945

Containers

box 2, folder 2

Newspaper clippings, 1951

Containers

box 2, folder 3

Newspaper clippings, 1952

Containers

box 2, folder 4

Newspaper clippings, 1953

Containers

box 2, folder 5

Newspaper clippings, 1954

Containers

box 2, folder 6

Newspaper clippings, 1955

Containers

box 2, folder 7

Newspaper clippings, 1956

Containers

box 2, folder 8

Newspaper clippings, 1957

Containers

box 2, folder 9

Newspaper clippings, 1958

Containers

box 2, folder 10

Newspaper clippings, 1959

Containers

box 2, folder 11

Newspaper clippings, 1960

Containers

box 2, folder 12

Newspaper clippings, 1961

Containers

box 2, folder 13

Newspaper clippings, 1962

Containers

box 2, folder 14

Newspaper clippings, 1963

Containers

box 2, folder 15

Newspaper clippings, 1966

Containers

box 2, folder 16

Newspaper clippings, 1967

Containers

box 2, folder 17

Newspaper clippings, 1975

Containers

box 2, folder 18

Newspaper clippings, 1980

Containers

box 2, folder 19

Newspaper clippings, 1983

Containers

box 2, folder 20

Newspaper clippings, 1984

Containers

box 2, folder 21

Newspaper clippings, 1985

Containers

box 2, folder 22

Newspaper clippings, 1986

Containers

box 2, folder 23

Newspaper clippings, 1989

Containers

box 2, folder 24

Newspaper clippings, 1990

Containers

box 2, folder 25

Newspaper clippings, 1991

Containers

box 2, folder 26

Newspaper clippings, 1993

Containers

box 2, folder 27

Newspaper clippings, 1994

Containers

box 2, folder 28

Newspaper clippings, 2004

Containers

box 2, folder 29

Newspaper clippings, 2005

Containers

box 2, folder 30

Series III. Polio Vaccine Photographs, 1954-1965

Extent

9 folders

Scope and Content Notes

Prints, negatives and 35mm slides taken between 1954 and 1965 documenting Jonas Salk and his team during research and announcement of the Polio vaccine and one photograph with Julius Youngner testing the influenza vaccine. Some were selected for digitization and are available online as part of the University of Pittsburgh Historic Pittsburgh Image Collection.

Portraits, Jonas Salk, 1953-1960

Containers

box 3, folder 1

Jonas Salk at Airport, 1955

Containers

box 3, folder 2

Vaccine Team Contact Sheets, 1954

Containers

box 3, folder 3

Salk Soldiers, April 29, 1955

Containers

box 3, folder 4

Lab Photographs, 1953

Containers

box 3, folder 5

Inoculations, 1954-1963

Containers

box 3, folder 6

4x5 Negative Contact Sheets, 1953-1954

Containers

box 3, folder 7

4x5 Negatives, 1953-1965

Containers

box 3, folder 8

35mm Slides, 1954-1955

Containers

box 3, folder 9

Series IV. Schools of the Health Professions Collection of Jonas Salk Materials, 1944-2005

Language

English.

Scope and Contents

The Schools of the Health Professions (now the Schools of the Health Sciences) maintained its own collection of press releases, correspondence, public lectures, offprints, and news items related to Jonas Salk and the polio vaccine. Aside from the intense interest in the original release of the vaccine in 1955, these materials also reveal some of the inner tensions within the university surrounding Salk's announcement of his departure from Pittsburgh in 1960. Anniversaries of the vaccine release brought increased press coverage for the 10th, 25th, and 50th anniversaries. Most of the newspaper clippings were collected for the university by a professional service.

Subseries 1. Public Relations, 1944-2005

History of virus research at the University of Pittsburgh, 1944-1948

Containers

box 4, folder 1

Press Releases - International Poliomyelitis Conference, 1951-1954

Containers

box 4, folder 2

Press Releases - Salk vaccine manufacture and distribution, Parke, Davis, & Co., 1953-1954

Containers

box 4, folder 3

Press Releases - Salk vaccine trials, 1953-1960

Containers

box 4, folder 4

Requests for information and photographs, 1953-1982

Containers

box 4, folder 5

Awards and honors; Salk comments on publicity and donations, 1954-1956

Containers

box 4, folder 6

Press Releases - Thomas Francis Report, April 1955

Containers

box 4, folder 7

Press Releases - Research Grant, 1948-1959

Containers

box 4, folder 8

Correspondence and public relations talking points, April 1955

Containers

box 4, folder 9

Jonas Salk's visit to the White House, April 22, 1955

Containers

box 4, folder 10

Criticism of the polio vaccine; VA study of the mental effects of polio infection, 1954-1955

Containers

box 4, folder 11

Criticism of the polio vaccine by Walter Winchell, 1954-1955

Containers

box 4, folder 12

U.S. Department of Health , Education, and Welfare regarding the Salk vaccine; Technical Report by the U.S. Dept. covering Cutter Laboratories case, 1955

Containers

box 4, folder 13

Salk vaccine manufacture and distribution, Cutter Laboratories, 1955

Containers

box 4, folder 14

Salk vaccine public relations correspondence, 1955-1959

Containers

box 4, folder 15

Press releases and correspondence about the Salk vaccine, vaccine safety, and live virus, 1955-1962

Containers

box 5, folder 1

Salk vaccine manufacture and distribution, 1955

Containers

box 5, folder 2

Salk vaccine innoculation information, 1955-1959

Containers

box 5, folder 3

Requests to interview Jonas Salk; Interviews, 1955-1962

Containers

box 5, folder 4

Russian medical scientists visit, January - February 1956

Containers

box 5, folder 5

University of Pittsburgh polio vaccination event, 1957

Containers

box 5, folder 6

Scope and Contents

Includes a map of the Cathedral of Learning first floor showing how vaccination stations were laid out.

Salk polio research chronology, c. 1971-1972

Containers

box 5, folder 7

Talking points regarding Jonas Salk's departure from the university, March 10-16, 1960

Containers

box 5, folder 8

Chancellor Litchfield correspondence and statement on Jonas Salk's departure from the university, March 11-15, 1960

Containers

box 5, folder 9

Jonas Salk's statement on his departure from the university, March 15, 1960

Containers

box 5, folder 10

Statement of Edmund R. McCluskey, Vice-chancellor of the Health Professions, March 15, 1960

Containers

box 5, folder 11

Basil O'Connor's statement on Jonas Salk's departure from the university, March 15, 1960

Containers

box 5, folder 12

Press Release - Appointment of Jonas Salk as Professor at Large, December 21, 1962

Containers

box 5, folder 13

British polio vaccine announcement, c. 1960

Containers

box 5, folder 14

Jonas Salk biographical information; "Notes for Preface to Dr. Salk's Chapter", 1953-1975

Containers

box 5, folder 15

Jonas Salk bibliography, 1948-1974

Containers

box 5, folder 16

Photographs - Salk lab technicians at work; portrait of Jonas Salk, c. 1955 and c. 1980

Containers

box 5, folder 17

Press releseases and newspaper clippings - 25th Anniversary of Salk Vaccine, 1980

Containers

box 5, folder 18

Subseries 2. Remembering Polio - A collection of personal remembrances on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the Salk vaccine, 2005

Scope and Contents

In 2005, on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the release of the Salk vaccine, the Schools of Health Sciences solicited reminiscences from members of the public regarding their experience being vaccinated as a child. They are alphabetized by last name of the respondent.

A, 2005

Containers

box 6, folder 1

B, 2005

Containers

box 6, folder 2

C, 2005

Containers

box 6, folder 3

D, 2005

Containers

box 6, folder 4

E, 2005

Containers

box 6, folder 5

F, 2005

Containers

box 6, folder 6

G, 2005

Containers

box 6, folder 7

H, 2005

Containers

box 6, folder 8

J, 2005

Containers

box 6, folder 9

K, 2005

Containers

box 6, folder 10

L, 2005

Containers

box 6, folder 11

M, 2005

Containers

box 6, folder 12

N, 2005

Containers

box 6, folder 13

O, 2005

Containers

box 6, folder 14

P, 2005

Containers

box 6, folder 15

R, 2005

Containers

box 6, folder 16

S, 2005

Containers

box 6, folder 17

Y, 2005

Containers

box 6, folder 18

U-V, 2005

Containers

box 6, folder 19

W-Y, 2005

Containers

box 6, folder 20

Subseries 3. Talks and Presentations by Jonas Salk on Polio and Other Subjects, 1953-1961

Scope and Contents

Many of the lectures in this sub-series are carbon copy typescripts and are not extant in any published form, although content and diagrams are often recycled in similar printed publications.

"Recent Studies on Immunization Against Poliomyelitis" American Academy of Pediatrics, October 9, 1953

Containers

box 7, folder 1

"Use of Adjuvents in Studies on Influenza Immunization", 1953

Containers

box 7, folder 2

"Studies in Human Subjects on Active Immunization Against Poliomyelitis", 1953-1954

Containers

box 7, folder 3

"A Concept of the Mechanism of Immunity for Preventing Paralysis in Poliomyeltis", New York Academy of Sciences Conference on Biology of Poliomyelitis, January 21, 1954

Containers

box 7, folder 4

Dedication Address at North Allegheny Junior-Senior High School, October 24, 1954

Containers

box 7, folder 5

"Introductory Remarks by Jonas E. Salk", National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis Meeting, April 12, 1955

Containers

box 7, folder 6

"Theoretical and Experimental Considerations in the Preparation and Use of Poliomyelitis Virus Vaccine", American Medical Association Annual Meeting, June 7, 1955

Containers

box 7, folder 7

"Requirements for Persistent Immunity to Poliomyelitis", Association of American Physicians, May 1, 1956

Containers

box 7, folder 8

"Influence of Antigenic Potency on Degree and Duration of Effectiveness of Poliomyelitis Vaccine", American Medical Association Annual Meeting, June 11, 1956

Containers

box 7, folder 9

"Viral and Cellular Factors Pertinent to the Control of Poliomyelitis with a Non-Infectious Vaccine", Conference on Cellular Biology, Nucleic Acids and Viruses, January 7, 1957

Containers

box 7, folder 10

"Some Characteristics of a Continuously Propagating Cell Derived from Monkey Heart Tissue", 1957

Containers

box 7, folder 11

"Remarks in Response to the Questions to be Posed by Mrs. Roosevelt, 'What are the Questions of the Future?'", Georgia Warm Springs Foundation, January 3, 1958

Containers

box 7, folder 12

"Preconceptions about Vaccination Against Paralytic Poliomyelitis", American College of Physicians Meeting, April 30, 1958

Containers

box 7, folder 13

"Poliomyelitis Vaccine Preparation and Administration: Analysis of Basic Premises and Current Practices", January 6, 1959

Containers

box 7, folder 14

"Vaccination Against Poliomyelitis: An Ounce of Prevention", Royal Society of Health Preventative Medicine Section, May 1, 1959

Containers

box 7, folder 15

"Points to Be Made by Jonas Salk in Panel Discussion on Vaccination Against Polio", American Academy of Pediatrics, April 20, 1960

Containers

box 7, folder 16

"Education--For What?", National Education Association Annual Convention, June 26, 1961

Containers

box 7, folder 17

"Immunization Against Virus Diseases", American Medical Association 15th Clinical Meeting, November 28, 1961

Containers

box 7, folder 18

Subseries 4. Offprints of Jonas Salk Publications, 1946-1959

"Immunization Against Influenza", Annals of Internal Medicine, September 1946

Containers

box 8, folder 1

"Effect of Formalin in Increasing Heat Stability of Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin", Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine, 1946

Containers

box 8, folder 2

"Variation in Influenza Viruses: A Study of Heat Stability of Red Cell Hemagglutinin", Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine, 1946

Containers

box 8, folder 3

"A Consideration of Vaccination Against Influenza", Transactions of the Association of American Physicians, 1946

Containers

box 8, folder 4

"The Control of Influenza by Immunization", The Journal-Lancet, 1947

Containers

box 8, folder 5

"A Method Applicable to the Standardization of Influenza Virus Vaccines", Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine, 1947

Containers

box 8, folder 6

"Experience with Vaccination Against Influenza in the Spring of 1947", American Journal of Public Health, August 1948

Containers

box 8, folder 7

"Studies on the Antigenicty, in Man, of Calcium Phosphate Adsorbed Influenza Virus; with Comments on the Question of Dose of Virus Needed in Vaccines for Human Use", The Journal of Immunology, December 1947

Containers

box 8, folder 8

"Reactions to Concentrated Influenza Virus Vaccines", Journal of Immunology, April 1948

Containers

box 8, folder 9

"A Plastic Plate for Use in Tests Involving Virus Hemagglutination and Other Similar Reactions", Science, December 31, 1948

Containers

box 8, folder 10

"Importance of Antigenic Composition of Influenza Virus Vaccine in Protecting against Natural Disease", American Journal of Public Health, March 1949

Containers

box 8, folder 11

"Research on a Vaccine for the Prevention of Poliomyelitis", JAMA, April 1953

Containers

box 8, folder 12

"Principles of Immunization as Applied to Poliomyelitis and Influenza", American Journal of Public Health, November 1953

Containers

box 8, folder 13

"Mechanisms of Convalescent Immunity and How It May Be Simulated", Ch. 19 in Dynamics of Virus and Rickettsial Infections, 1954

Containers

box 8, folder 14

"Formaldehyde Treatment and Safety Testing of Experimental Poliomyelitis Vaccines", Amerian Journal of Public Health, May 1954

Containers

box 8, folder 15

"Use of Color Change of Phenol Red as the Indicator in Titrating Poliomyelitis Virus or its Antibody in a Tissue-Culture System", American Journal of Hygiene, September 1954

Containers

box 8, folder 16

"Antigenic Activity of Poliomyelitis Vaccines Undergoing Field Test", American Journal of Public Health; "Present Status of the Problem of Vaccination Against Poliomyelitis", American Journal of Public Health, March 1955

Containers

box 8, folder 17

"Vaccines for Poliomyelitis", Scientific American, April 1955

Containers

box 8, folder 18

"Vaccination Against Paralytic Poliomyeltis Performance and Prospects", American Journal of Public Health, May 1955

Containers

box 8, folder 19

"Visit to a Polio Vaccine Farm", New York Times Magazine, May 15, 1955

Containers

box 8, folder 20

"Evaluation of 1954 Field Trial of Poliomyelitis Vaccine: Summary Report", Vaccine Evaluation Center, University of Michigan ["Francis Report"], April 12, 1955

Containers

box 8, folder 21

"Vaccination Against Paralytic Poliomyeltis: Performance and Prospects" [Press Packet], April 12, 1955

Containers

box 8, folder 22

"Considerations in the Preparation and Use of Poliomyelitis Virus Vaccine", JAMA, August 6, 1955

Containers

box 8, folder 23

"Poliomyelitis Vaccination: Practicalities for the Practicing Physician", The Pennyslvania Medical Journal, December 1955

Containers

box 8, folder 24

"Interim Report, Public Health Service Technical Committee on Poliomyelitis Vaccine", JAMA, December 10, 1955

Containers

box 8, folder 25

"Poliomyelitis Vaccine in the Fall of 1955", American Journal of Public Health, January 1956

Containers

box 8, folder 26

"Antibody Titer for Seven Different Type I Strains of Poliomyelitis Virus in Children Vaccinated with the Mahoney Strain", American Journal of Hygiene, March 1956

Containers

box 8, folder 27

"How Many Injections of Poliomyelitis Vaccine for Effective and Durable Immunity?", JAMA, May 3, 1958

Containers

box 8, folder 28

"Current Literature: Poliomyelitis and Related Diseases", National Foundation Department of Professional Education - An annotated bibliography, April 1959

Containers

box 8, folder 29

Subseries 5. Newspapers and Clippings, 1949-1980

Newspaper Clippings, 1949-1953

Containers

box 9, folder 1

Newspaper Clippings, 1954

Containers

box 9, folder 2

Newspaper Clippings, April 1955

Containers

box 9, folder 3

Newspapers, April 12, 1955

Containers

box 11, folder 1

Newspaper Clippings, May 1955

Containers

box 9, folder 4

Newspaper Clippings, June-September 1955

Containers

box 9, folder 5

Newspapers, 1955-1957

Containers

box 11, folder 2

Newspaper Clippings, 1956-1959

Containers

box 9, folder 6

Newspaper Clippings, 1960-1964

Containers

box 9, folder 7

Newspaper Clippings - Salk Vaccine 10th Anniversary, April 11-14, 1965

Containers

box 9, folder 8

Newspaper Clippings - Salk Vaccine 10th Anniversary, April 15 -June 9, 1965

Containers

box 9, folder 9

Newspaper Clippings, 1966-1969

Containers

box 9, folder 10

Newspaper Clippings, 1970-1979

Containers

box 9, folder 11

Newspaper Clippings, February 13 - April 10, 1980

Containers

box 9, folder 12

Newspaper Clippings - Salk Vaccine 25th Anniversary, April 11, 1980

Containers

box 10, folder 1

Newspaper Clippings - Salk Vaccine 25th Anniversary, April 11, 1980

Containers

box 10, folder 2

Newspaper Clippings - Salk Vaccine 25th Anniversary, April 12-13, 1980

Containers

box 10, folder 3

Newspaper Clippings - Salk Vaccine 25th Anniversary, April 1-13, 1980

Containers

box 11, folder 3

Newspaper Clippings - Salk Vaccine 25th Anniversary, April 13-May 5, 1980

Containers

box 11, folder 4

Newspaper Clippings - Salk Vaccine 25th Anniversary, April 14, 1980

Containers

box 10, folder 4

Newspaper Clippings - Salk Vaccine 25th Anniversary, April 15-June 13, 1980

Containers

box 10, folder 5

Newspapers, November 4, 1980

Containers

box 11, folder 5

Pennsylvania House of Representatives Commendation to Jonas Salk and Julius Youngner, March 30, 2005

Containers

box 10, folder 6

Pittsburgh City Council Proclamation to Jonas Salk and Julius Youngner, April 5, 2005

Containers

box 10, folder 7

U.S. Senate Commendation to Jonas Salk and Research Team, April 6, 2005

Containers

box 10, folder 8