Guide to the Carolyn S. Schumacher Papers AIS.2011.09
Arrangement
Repository
ULS Archives & Special Collections
Title
Carolyn S. Schumacher Papers
Creator
Schumacher, Carolyn S.
Collection Number
AIS.2011.09
Extent
7.5 Linear Feet(9 boxes)
Date
1883-2008
Date
1968-1988
Abstract
These papers document the career of historian and archivist Dr. Carolyn S. Schumacher, including materials related to her research and activism in Pittsburgh, Pa., specifically related to corporal punishment in schools, educational history, women's history, and archives.
Language
English
.
Author
Allyson K. Glazier.
Publisher
ULS Archives & Special Collections
Address
University of Pittsburgh Library System Archives & Special Collections Website: library.pitt.edu/archives-special-collections Business Number: 412-648-3232 (Thomas) | 412-648-8190 (Hillman) Contact Us: www.library.pitt.edu/ask-archivist URL: http://library.pitt.edu/archives-special-collections
Access Restrictions
No restrictions.
Acquisition Information
Gift of Carolyn S. Schumacher in September 2011 (Series I-V). Additional material was received in 2012 (Series VI-VIII).
Arrangement
The Carolyn S. Schumacher Papers are arranged in eight series:
Series I. Corporal Punishment in Schools
Series II. Pittsburgh Public Schools Archival Project
Series III. Pittsburgh Schools Research File
Series IV. History of College Women in Pittsburgh Research File
Series V. Legal File
Series VI. Women at Pitt Research File
Series VII. "The History of Women at Pitt: Reflections on a Changing Society" Exhibit
Series VIII. Women in Higher Education
Biography
Carolyn Sutcher Schumacher graduated from South Shore Public High School in Chicago, Illinois, in January 1951 and began studies in liberal arts at the University of Wisconsin, Madison. In January 1953, she transferred to the University of Illinois at Urbana and graduated with a Bachelor of Science in Education in August 1954. She completed a Master's degree in History at the University of Washington (Seattle) in June 1956 and moved to Pittsburgh to begin a career in teaching in the Pittsburgh Public Schools at the Spring Garden Elementary School in 1957. She later began her doctoral studies in History at the University of Pittsburgh in September 1969. Her dissertation, School Attendance in Nineteenth Century Pittsburgh: Wealth, Ethnicity and Occupational Mobility of School Age Children, 1855-1865 was completed in 1977 under the direction of Dr. Samuel P. Hays.
Following her employment with the Pittsburgh Public Schools, Dr. Schumacher held positions as a curriculum writer at the University of Pittsburgh, worked in Carnegie Mellon University's history department and was also the administrative director of the Archives, Museum, and Editing program at Duquesne University.
Dr. Schumacher was professionally active with local and national organizations, including the American Civil Liberties Union, in an attempt to abolish corporal punishment in schools. She held membership in the American Historical Association, the Organization of American Historians, History of Education Society, and the Coordinating Committee on Women in the Historical Professions. She was also a founding member of the National Committee to Abolish Corporal Punishment in Schools, a chairperson for the Pittsburgh Committee for the Abolition of Corporal Punishment in Public Schools, and a board member of the Pittsburgh Chapter American Civil Liberties Union.
Dr. Schumacher received a $3,000 grant from the H.C. Frick Educational Commission for a 15-month records survey of the Pittsburgh Public Schools and became the director of the Pittsburgh Public Schools Archival Project. Her perspective on the project was published in an article in entitled, "Using Board of Education Materials for Local History," which appeared in the Western Pennsylvania Historical Magazine, in January 1983. Following her work on the records survey she held positions at the Frick Art and Historical Center and at the Historical Society of Western Pennsylvania, where she became the director of the Library and Archives Division in 1990. She was with the Historical Society when it opened the Senator John Heinz Pittsburgh Regional History Center in 1996 and retired from professional activity in 1998.
Copyright
The University of Pittsburgh holds the property rights to the material in this collection, but the copyright may still be held by the original creator/author. Researchers are therefore advised to follow the regulations set forth in the U.S. Copyright Code when publishing, quoting, or reproducing material from this collection without the consent of the creator/author or that go beyond what is allowed by fair use.
Previous Citation
Carolyn S. Schumacher Papers, 1883-2008, AIS.2011.09, Archives Service Center, University of Pittsburgh
Preferred Citation
Carolyn S. Schumacher Papers, 1883-2008, AIS.2011.09, Archives & Special Collections, University of Pittsburgh Library System
Processing Information
This collection was processed by Allyson K. Glazier in 2012. Additional material was received in 2012 and was processed by Breana Watts in 2013.
Scope and Content Notes
The Carolyn S. Schumacher Papers contain materials related to Schumacher's research and activism. The research materials include many historical and contemporary articles that have been photocopied from published sources. Additionally, there are bibliographies, oral histories on cassette tapes, conference proceedings, contracts, correspondence, directories, legislation, lists, meeting minutes, newsletters, newspaper clippings, notes, and presentation materials.
Related Material
Pittsburgh School District Records, 1836-1937, AIS.1969.18, Archives & Special Collections, University of Pittsburgh Library System
Cathryn Irvis Papers, 1978-1980, AIS.2006.02, Archives & Special Collections, University of Pittsburgh Library System
East End Education Committee Records, 1969-1972, AIS.1993.01, Archives & Special Collections, University of Pittsburgh Library System
Subjects
Personal Names
Schumacher, Carolyn S.
Other Subjects
Pittsburgh Board of Public Education (Pa.)
Corporal punishment of children
Education
Women
Archival surveys
Children's rights
Women -- Education (Higher) -- Pennsylvania -- Pittsburgh
Universities and colleges -- Pennsylvania -- Pittsburgh
Associations
University of Pittsburgh
Public schools -- Pennsylvania -- Pittsburgh -- History
Social action
Container List
Scope and Content Notes
Series II contains materials related to the Pittsburgh Public Schools Archival Project directed by Carolyn S. Schumacher in 1981-1982. It includes correspondence, newspaper clippings, proposals, reports, and research notes related to this project.
Scope and Content Notes
The Correspondence & Contracts subseries contains materials related to the Pittsburgh Public Schools Archival Project directed by Schumacher in 1981-1982. It includes correspondence, such as letters, memos, and address information, as well as contracts between Schumacher and a variety of organizations.
Containers
box 2, folder 29
Containers
box 2, folder 30
Containers
box 2, folder 31
Containers
box 2, folder 32
Containers
box 2, folder 33
Containers
box 2, folder 34
Containers
box 2, folder 35
Containers
box 2, folder 36
Containers
box 2, folder 37
Containers
box 2, folder 38
Containers
box 2, folder 39
Containers
box 2, folder 40
Containers
box 2, folder 41
Containers
box 2, folder 42
Containers
box 2, folder 43
Containers
box 2, folder 44
Containers
box 2, folder 45
Containers
box 2, folder 46
Containers
box 2, folder 47
Containers
box 2, folder 48
Containers
box 2, folder 49
Containers
box 2, folder 50
Containers
box 2, folder 51
Containers
box 2, folder 52
Scope and Content Notes
The Publications, Proposals, & Reports subseries contains materials related to the Pittsburgh Public Schools Archival Project directed by Schumacher in 1981-1982. It includes articles, drafts, notes, reports, proposals, summaries, and surveys related to this project.
Containers
box 2, folder 53
Containers
box 2, folder 54
Containers
box 2, folder 55
Containers
box 2, folder 56
Containers
box 2, folder 57
Containers
box 2, folder 58
Containers
box 2, folder 59
Containers
box 2, folder 60
Containers
box 2, folder 61
Containers
box 2, folder 62
Containers
box 2, folder 63
Containers
box 2, folder 64
Containers
box 2, folder 65
Containers
box 2, folder 66
Containers
box 2, folder 67
Containers
box 2, folder 68
Containers
box 2, folder 69
Containers
box 2, folder 70
Containers
box 2, folder 71
Containers
box 2, folder 72
Containers
box 2, folder 73
Containers
box 2, folder 74
Containers
box 2, folder 75
Containers
box 2, folder 76
Containers
box 2, folder 77
Containers
box 2, folder 78
Containers
box 2, folder 79
Containers
box 2, folder 80
Containers
box 2, folder 81
Scope and Content Notes
The Research subseries contains materials related to the Pittsburgh Public Schools Archival Project directed by Schumacher in 1981-1982. It includes articles, floor plans, inventories, lists, and photographs related to this project.
Containers
box 2, folder 82
Containers
box 2, folder 83
Containers
box 2, folder 84
Containers
box 2, folder 85
Containers
box 2, folder 86
Containers
box 2, folder 87
Containers
box 3, folder 1
Containers
box 3, folder 2
Scope and Content Notes
Series III contains materials related to Schumacher's research about the Pittsburgh Schools in the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries, including curriculum and testing, the buildings, teachers and students, discipline methods, and records. It includes articles and publications (many of which are photocopies), bibliographies, correspondence, directories, newspaper clippings, and notes.
Scope and Content Notes
The Allegheny City subseries contains materials related to Schumacher's research about the Allegheny City school system in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, including photocopies of primary materials and notes.
Containers
box 3, folder 3
Containers
box 3, folder 4
Containers
box 3, folder 5
Containers
box 3, folder 6
Containers
box 3, folder 7
Containers
box 3, folder 8
Containers
box 3, folder 9
Containers
box 3, folder 10
Containers
box 3, folder 11
Containers
box 3, folder 12
Containers
box 3, folder 13
Scope and Content Notes
The Articles & Photocopies subseries contains primarily articles and publications that have been photocopied for Schumacher's research about the Pittsburgh Schools in the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries, including its curriculum, education reform, testing, classrooms and school buidlings, statistics about teachers and students, discipline methods, and school records.
Containers
box 3, folder 14
Containers
box 3, folder 15
Containers
box 3, folder 16
Containers
box 3, folder 17
Containers
box 3, folder 18
Containers
box 3, folder 19
Containers
box 3, folder 20
Containers
box 3, folder 21
Containers
box 3, folder 22
Containers
box 3, folder 23
Containers
box 3, folder 24
Containers
box 3, folder 25
Containers
box 3, folder 26
Containers
box 3, folder 27
Containers
box 3, folder 28
Containers
box 3, folder 29
Containers
box 3, folder 30
Containers
box 3, folder 31
Containers
box 3, folder 32
Containers
box 3, folder 33
Containers
box 3, folder 34
Containers
box 3, folder 35
Containers
box 3, folder 36
Containers
box 3, folder 37
Containers
box 3, folder 38
Containers
box 3, folder 39
Containers
box 3, folder 40
Containers
box 3, folder 41
Containers
box 3, folder 42
Containers
box 3, folder 43
Containers
box 3, folder 44
Containers
box 3, folder 45
Containers
box 3, folder 46
Containers
box 3, folder 47
Containers
box 3, folder 48
Containers
box 3, folder 49
Containers
box 3, folder 50
Containers
box 3, folder 51
Containers
box 3, folder 52
Containers
box 3, folder 53
Containers
box 3, folder 54
Containers
box 3, folder 55
Containers
box 3, folder 56
Containers
box 3, folder 57
Containers
box 3, folder 58
Containers
box 3, folder 59
Containers
box 3, folder 60
Containers
box 3, folder 61
Containers
box 3, folder 62
Containers
box 3, folder 63
Containers
box 3, folder 64
Containers
box 3, folder 65
Containers
box 3, folder 66
Containers
box 3, folder 67
Containers
box 3, folder 68
Containers
box 3, folder 69
Containers
box 3, folder 70
Containers
box 3, folder 71
Containers
box 3, folder 72
Containers
box 3, folder 73
Containers
box 3, folder 74
Containers
box 3, folder 75
Containers
box 3, folder 76
Containers
box 3, folder 77
Containers
box 3, folder 78
Containers
box 3, folder 79
Containers
box 3, folder 80
Containers
box 3, folder 81
Containers
box 3, folder 82
Containers
box 3, folder 83
Containers
box 3, folder 84
Containers
box 3, folder 85
Containers
box 3, folder 86
Containers
box 3, folder 87
Containers
box 3, folder 88
Containers
box 3, folder 89
Containers
box 3, folder 90
Containers
box 3, folder 91
Containers
box 3, folder 92
Containers
box 3, folder 93
Containers
box 3, folder 94
Containers
box 3, folder 95
Containers
box 3, folder 96
Containers
box 3, folder 97
Containers
box 3, folder 98
Containers
box 3, folder 99
Containers
box 3, folder 100
Containers
box 3, folder 101
Containers
box 3, folder 102
Containers
box 3, folder 103
Containers
box 3, folder 104
Containers
box 3, folder 105
Containers
box 3, folder 106
Containers
box 3, folder 107
Containers
box 3, folder 108
Containers
box 3, folder 109
Scope and Content Notes
The Research subseries contains materials related to Schumacher's research about the Pittsburgh Schools in the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries, including her research notes, correspondence, bibliographies, directories, maps, newspaper clippings, surveys, and articles related to the history of education in the region as well as national educational issues.
Containers
box 3, folder 110
Containers
box 3, folder 111
Containers
box 3, folder 112
Containers
box 3, folder 113
Containers
box 3, folder 114
Containers
box 3, folder 115
Containers
box 3, folder 116
Containers
box 3, folder 117
Containers
box 3, folder 118
Containers
box 4, folder 1
Containers
box 4, folder 2
Containers
box 4, folder 3
Containers
box 4, folder 4
Containers
box 4, folder 5
Containers
box 4, folder 6
Containers
box 4, folder 7
Containers
box 4, folder 8
Containers
box 4, folder 9
Containers
box 4, folder 10
Containers
box 4, folder 11
Containers
box 4, folder 12
Containers
box 4, folder 13
Containers
box 4, folder 14
Containers
box 4, folder 15
Containers
box 4, folder 16
Containers
box 4, folder 17
Containers
box 4, folder 18
Containers
box 4, folder 19
Containers
box 4, folder 20
Containers
box 4, folder 21
Containers
box 4, folder 22
Containers
box 4, folder 23
Containers
box 4, folder 24
Containers
box 4, folder 25
Containers
box 4, folder 26
Containers
box 4, folder 27
Containers
box 4, folder 28
Containers
box 4, folder 29
Containers
box 4, folder 30
Containers
box 4, folder 31
Containers
box 4, folder 32
Containers
box 4, folder 33
Containers
box 4, folder 34
Containers
box 4, folder 35
Containers
box 4, folder 36
Containers
box 4, folder 37
Containers
box 4, folder 38
Containers
box 4, folder 39
Containers
box 4, folder 40
Containers
box 4, folder 41
Containers
box 4, folder 42
Containers
box 4, folder 43
Containers
box 4, folder 44
Containers
box 4, folder 45
Containers
box 4, folder 46
Containers
box 4, folder 47
Containers
box 4, folder 48
Containers
box 4, folder 49
Containers
box 4, folder 50
Containers
box 4, folder 51
Scope and Content Notes
The School Histories subseries contains materials related to Schumacher's research on the history of individual schools within the Pittsburgh School system in the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries including photocopies of primary materials and notes.
Containers
box 4, folder 79
Containers
box 4, folder 80
Containers
box 4, folder 81
Containers
box 4, folder 82
Containers
box 4, folder 83
Containers
box 4, folder 84
Containers
box 4, folder 85
Containers
box 4, folder 86
Containers
box 4, folder 87
Containers
box 4, folder 88
Containers
box 4, folder 89
Containers
box 4, folder 90
Containers
box 4, folder 91
Containers
box 4, folder 92
Containers
box 4, folder 93
Containers
box 4, folder 94
Containers
box 4, folder 52
Containers
box 4, folder 53
Containers
box 4, folder 54
Containers
box 4, folder 55
Containers
box 4, folder 56
Containers
box 4, folder 57
Containers
box 4, folder 58
Containers
box 4, folder 59
Containers
box 4, folder 60
Containers
box 4, folder 61
Containers
box 4, folder 62
Containers
box 4, folder 63
Containers
box 4, folder 64
Containers
box 4, folder 65
Containers
box 4, folder 66
Containers
box 4, folder 67
Containers
box 4, folder 68
Containers
box 4, folder 69
Containers
box 4, folder 70
Containers
box 4, folder 71
Containers
box 4, folder 72
Containers
box 4, folder 73
Containers
box 4, folder 74
Containers
box 4, folder 75
Containers
box 4, folder 76
Containers
box 4, folder 77
Containers
box 4, folder 78
Scope and Content Notes
The Testing & Teacher Effectiveness subseries contains photocopies of primary sources, notes, articles, newspaper clippings, and publications related to Schumacher's research about the means of testing in the Pittsburgh Public Schools in the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries, as well as research about teachers' education, certification, rights, and effectiveness.
Containers
box 4, folder 95
Containers
box 4, folder 96
Containers
box 4, folder 97
Containers
box 4, folder 98
Containers
box 4, folder 99
Containers
box 4, folder 100
Containers
box 4, folder 101
Containers
box 4, folder 102
Containers
box 4, folder 103
Containers
box 4, folder 104
Containers
box 4, folder 105
Containers
box 4, folder 106
Containers
box 4, folder 107
Containers
box 4, folder 108
Containers
box 4, folder 109
Scope and Content Notes
Series IV contains materials related to Schumacher's research about women's college experiences in the early twentieth century in Pittsburgh. This series is arranged in four subseries: Women's History in Pittsburgh, Oral History Project, Oral History Project Participant Files, and Oral History Project Cassette Tapes.
Scope and Content Notes
The Women's History subseries includes research materials related to women's suffrage of the 1910s, the women's liberation of the 1960s and 1970s, and women's educational opportunities then and now.
Containers
box 4, folder 110
Containers
box 4, folder 111
Containers
box 4, folder 112
Containers
box 4, folder 113
Containers
box 4, folder 114
Containers
box 4, folder 115
Containers
box 4, folder 116
Containers
box 4, folder 117
Containers
box 4, folder 118
Containers
box 4, folder 119
Containers
box 4, folder 120
Containers
box 4, folder 121
Scope and Content Notes
The Oral History Project subseries contains contracts, correspondence, lists, notes, and questionnaires related to oral history interviews with Pittsburgh women from Schumacher's project, "The History of Higher Education for Women in Pittsburgh: Reflections of a Changing Society."
Containers
box 4, folder 122
Containers
box 4, folder 123
Containers
box 4, folder 124
Containers
box 4, folder 125
Containers
box 4, folder 126
Containers
box 4, folder 127
Containers
box 4, folder 128
Containers
box 4, folder 129
Containers
box 4, folder 130
Containers
box 4, folder 131
Containers
box 10, folder 3
Containers
box 4, folder 132
Scope and Content Notes
The Oral History Project Participant Files subseries contains materials related to individual oral history interviews with Pittsburgh women from Schumacher's project, "The History of Higher Education for Women in Pittsburgh: Reflections of a Changing Society."
Containers
box 5, folder 1
Containers
box 5, folder 2
Containers
box 5, folder 3
Containers
box 5, folder 4
Containers
box 5, folder 5
Containers
box 5, folder 6
Containers
box 5, folder 7
Containers
box 5, folder 8
Containers
box 5, folder 9
Containers
box 5, folder 10
Containers
box 5, folder 11
Containers
box 5, folder 12
Containers
box 5, folder 13
Containers
box 5, folder 14
Containers
box 5, folder 15
Containers
box 5, folder 16
Containers
box 5, folder 17
Containers
box 5, folder 18
Containers
box 5, folder 19
Containers
box 5, folder 20
Containers
box 5, folder 21
Containers
box 5, folder 22
Containers
box 5, folder 23
Containers
box 5, folder 24
Containers
box 5, folder 25
Containers
box 5, folder 26
Containers
box 5, folder 27
Containers
box 5, folder 28
Containers
box 5, folder 29
Containers
box 5, folder 30
Containers
box 5, folder 31
Containers
box 5, folder 31a
Containers
box 5, folder 31b
Scope and Content Notes
The Oral History Project: Cassette Tapes subseries contains recordings of the oral history interviews, in addition to interviews with Schumacher for local radio stations.
Containers
box 6, cassette 1-2
Scope and Content Notes
Genevieve Blatt (1913-1996) was interviewed by Carolyn Schumacher for approximated 90 minutes. Blatt discussed early family life and business, her parochial education at St. Francis DeSales Catholic School in McKees Rocks and Sacred Heart in Pittsburgh. Blatt graduated from the University of Pittsburgh where she received a scholarship, she discusses her experience at Pitt and discusses Chancellor Bowman and Dean Thyrsa Amos, the debating team, and Women's Athletic Association. Later, she graduated from the University of Pittsburgh Law School and would become a Judge in the Court of Common Pleas and later a Commonwealth Judge. She discusses her campaigns and dealings with Judge Michael Mussmanno.
Containers
box 6, cassette 3
Scope and Content Notes
Anna Loomis McCandless (1897-1996) was interviewed for approximately 63 minutes discussing her family and education. McCandless graduated from Carnegie Tech's Margaret Morrison School for Women in 1919, having taken secretarial courses, served as her Junior Class President, and participated in the school's activities to support the war effort. McCandless comically discusses stories concerning her mother's comments on Margaret Sanger's visit to Pittsburgh and McCandless's 1929 trip to Russia. Annette Baier was interviewed about her chosen career path for approximately 90 minutes. Baier, a philosophy professor at the University of Pittsburgh, was born in New Zealand and speaks of the cultural differences which have shaped her educational experience growing up and after she moved to the United States. Speaks about the benefits of being a woman in her field in addition to some of the challenges created by traditional female expectations.
Containers
box 6, cassette 4
Scope and Content Notes
Annette Baier was interviewed about her chosen career path for approximately 90 minutes. Baier, a philosophy professor at the University of Pittsburgh, was born in New Zealand and speaks of the cultural differences which have shaped her educational experience growing up and after she moved to the United States. Speaks about the benefits of being a woman in her field in addition to some of the challenges created by traditional female expectations.
Containers
box 6, cassette 5
Scope and Content Notes
Bess Kimberly was interviewed by Carolyn Schumacher for approximately 80 minutes. Kimberly discussed her early education years, family, work at Horne's Department Store, and profession as a teacher in rural and cosmopolitan settings, including teaching Americanization courses in a Steel Mill town. Kimberly attended Kent College but transferred and graduated from Carnegie Tech (Margaret Morrison) in 1928 with a degree in Drama in order to teach costume design, which she taught for forty years.
Containers
box 6, cassette 6-7
Scope and Content Notes
Christine Greco was interviewed by Carolyn Schumacher for approximately 180 minutes. Greco discussed early family life, business, and her early education at the Dennison School (Swissvale), Wilkins School, and Swissvale High School in Pittsburgh. Greco attended the University of Pittsburgh where she received a partial scholarship and majored in German with minors in English, Italian, and Latin aiming of teaching German. Greco speaks of her "startling experience" with a sex education class taught by Dr. Jameson during her time at Pitt. She also notes the changing expectations in the way women dressed during the time and speaks about the limited job market caused by the depression and both World Wars. Greco recalled her first full time job at Gimbels and attending the School of Retailing, paid for by Gimbels.
Containers
box 6, cassette 8
Scope and Content Notes
Elizabeth McDonald was interviewed by Carolyn Schumacher for approximately 90 minutes. McDonald discussed her early life living in Pittsburgh, including memories about bootlegging in her neighborhood. McDonald recalled family life and her education at the Conroy School (Kindergarten- 8th Grade) and graduation from Allegheny High School in 1926. Although her father did not support her decision, McDonald continued her education with the Frick Training School, graduated second in her class in 1929, and found a job quickly in teaching. McDonald taught at Cowley, Manchester, Lemington, and Linton before becoming a supervisor and then a principle while also teaching veterans in the evening.
Containers
box 6, cassette 9
Scope and Content Notes
Florence Marcus was interviewed for approximately 47 minutes about her career path and experiences. Marcus graduated from the University of Pittsburgh in 1929 and pursued practicing medicine. Marcus reflects on the difficulty of being hired as a Jewish female. Originally became a nurse and worked for ten years, but decided to go to medical school. Marcus recalled her male classmates' fondness toward her due to her previous experiences as a nurse and her success in class work. Marcus first worked at Montefiore, then Shadyside Hospital, and finally opened a family practice in 1930. Due to the depression, Marcus was not receiving many payments for her visits, so she got a job with another doctor examining school children in Pittsburgh; following this experience she attended Harvard's School of Public Health in 1949. Finally, she worked as a general practitioner for social work cases at St. Francis Hospital.
Containers
box 6, cassette 10-11
Scope and Content Notes
Fran Holland was interviewed by Carolyn Schumacher for approximately 45 minutes about her life and career experiences. In 1968, Holland became the first Dean of Students for La Roche College and began attracting mature young women from 20-40 years old who had children and wanted to go back to school. A year later, President Blum of Point Park College hired her as the Director of Development where Holland raised funds to build the new library. She then became the Director of Admissions and later the Director of College and Community Relations. Holland proudly discussed her volunteerism including working with the Girl Scouts and being the President of the Allegheny County Scholarship Association, and the Civil Service Commission. Holland recalls memories of Thrysa Amos whom she met at the age of 11 and continued to work with closely until Amos's death in 1941.
Containers
box 6, cassette 12-13
Scope and Content Notes
Helen Hackett was interviewed by Carolyn Schumacher for approximately 133 minutes concerning her early education, family, and college experiences. Hackett recalls growing up in Brushton and moving to Wilkinsburg for high school. Hackett took secretarial courses at Margaret Morrison (Carnegie Tech), married in 1930, and her daughter was born in 1933. Hackett worked as dean of women at Carnegie Tech/ Margaret Morrison for two years, and then took a job at the Carnegie Library. Hackett speaks of the changing religious expectations of women during the period in addition to her life experiences.
Containers
box 6, cassette 14-16
Scope and Content Notes
Hellen Poole Rush was interviewed by Carolyn Schumacher for approximately 180 minutes concerning her education, work, and life experiences. Rush entered the University of Pittsburgh in 1915 and recalled memories of people she attended school with and later, recollections of students who attended Pitt while she was working there. Rush discussed the expectations for freshmen students to transform from boys and girls to young women and men during their first semester. She discusses Lantern night as essential in this transformation for women, and explains the mythology and ceremony associated with it. Additionally, Rush discusses the Senior Queen Ceremony and the Caritas Ceremony as important to the development of young women during their college years. Rush goes on to discuss the philosophical evolution of the department of the Dean of Women at the University of Pittsburgh.
Containers
box 6, cassette 17
Scope and Content Notes
Helen Sawyer was interviewed by Carolyn Schumacher for approximately 90 minutes concerning her life educational experiences. Sawyer received her Bachelor's degree in Physical Education from the University of Pittsburgh (1934) and her Master of Education from the University of Pittsburgh. She reflects on people she knew, organizations, and rules imposed on women by administration but especially by themselves. Sawyer became the first female gym teacher at Etna High School. After getting married (1938) and having children, Sawyer began teaching again.
Containers
box 6, cassette 18
Scope and Content Notes
Irene Pasinski was interviewed for approximately 70 minutes by Carolyn Schumacher. Pasinski discussed her Polish immigrant parents, early education, and family structure. Pasinski's father worked Polish Consulate in Pittsburgh until 1941 when the Polish government fell. She reflects upon the differences between educational understanding in the United States and in Europe and how that could have affected her educational experience. Pasinski attended Schenley High School and went to Carnegie Mellon to pursue a degree in industrial design with a minor in painting. She recalls her extra-curricular experiences in Chi Omega recruiting other members. Five years after graduation, Pasinski received a Fulbright Scholarship to study and teach in France; she and her husband stayed in Europe until they divorced. Pasinski speaks about Polish immigrant groups and the determination to break the Slavic stereotype.
Containers
box 6, cassette 19
Scope and Content Notes
Janet MacDonald Flinn was interviewed by Carolyn Schumacher for approximately 90 minutes. Flinn recalls her family life, early education, and career choices. She attended the University of Pittsburgh where, in 1917, she won a school medal for the debating team, became one of the first female mortar board students, and graduated in 1918. She taught English in the Irwin School District, and then taught at the Thurston School. Flinn married in 1920 and shares her thoughts about being a woman during the time period.
Containers
box 6, cassette 20
Scope and Content Notes
Jean Phipps Bray was interviewed for approximately 80 minutes concerning her family life, early education, and experience as a woman in education. Bray attended Winchester-Thurston Girls Preparatory School and graduated in 1939, and attended a Junior College in Washington DC before attempting to transfer to the University of Pittsburgh. After the University of Pittsburgh refused to accept Junior College credit, she became interested in Carnegie Mellon University in 1941. Speaks about her experiences at Carnegie Mellon and reflects upon her education and career.
Containers
box 7, cassette 1-2
Scope and Content Notes
Lillian Brest was interviewed by Carolyn Schumacher for approximately 120 minutes. Brest shares information about her Jewish family, including Lithuanian parents who immigrated to the United States. Brest attended Chelsea High School and participated as a member of the debate society and in theater. She then went to Simmons College to study Social Service Work, because she liked the idea of having a year of practicum before graduation in 1922. Afterward, she felt she was not 'tough enough' for a career in Social Service, and regretted some of her choices. Brest discusses married life and children on their Norfolk, Massachusetts farm during the depression.
Containers
box 7, cassette 3
Scope and Content Notes
Mary Ann Aug discussed her career path in an interview with Monique Savits for approximately 40 minutes. As an undergraduate, Aug took courses in English literature, writing, journalism, public relations, and publications writing, but decided to stick to Public Relations writing because of the topical flexibility. Aug became the Director of University Relations at the University of Pittsburgh and discusses the job in depth. Additionally, she spoke about the differences between women and men within the University, the professional field, and mentions examples of sexual discrimination she has faced.
Containers
box 7, cassette 4
Scope and Content Notes
Mary Briscoe was interviewed for approximately 50 minutes by Linda J. Beater concerning her career path and professional choices. Briscoe is the Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences for the University of Pittsburgh working to assist in undergraduate advising and programming. Briscoe described her job obligations and the differences between women and men in her field and at the University.
Containers
box 7, cassette 5-6
Scope and Content Notes
Mary Cole was interviewed by Carolyn Schumacher for approximately 60 minutes. Cole attended elementary and high school in Butler, PA. Education was important to Cole's mother, who was a teacher, and Cole chose to attend Chatham College after she received a half scholarship. At Chatham, Cole majored in science and worked with the National Youth Administration, making $0.50 an hour. Following graduation, Cole taught in her High School, but then decided to enroll in the Army. She graduated from Officer Candidate School on October 3, 1942, becoming only the thirteenth woman from Pittsburgh to achieve the feat. Cole spoke about the excitement and adventure provided by her experiences in the Army, the opportunity to go to the University of Pittsburgh for graduate school through the GI Bill, flying lessons, and about her perception of discrimination against women.
Containers
box 7, cassette 7
Scope and Content Notes
Maureen Greenwald was interviewed by Carolyn Schumacher for approximately 45 minutes concerning her involvement in and development of the Women's Studies Program at the University of Pittsburgh. Greenwald discussed the difficulties of creating and editing the program, while still building a strong base during development. She spoke of the changes experienced by the Women's Studies Program and its goals since its inception.
Containers
box 7, cassette 8
Scope and Content Notes
This tape documenting the gallery opening for the exhibit, "The History of Women at Pitt: Reflections on a Changing Society" and runs approximately 55 minutes. The majority of the tape is conversations happening in the gallery; some people discuss the exhibit, while others speak of their experience as females at the University of Pittsburgh. Additionally, Carolyn Schumacher addressed those in attendance to thank the committee which developed the exhibit and the production team. Monique Simms spoke about female achievement at the University of Pittsburgh.
Containers
box 7, cassette 9
Scope and Content Notes
Peg Covert was interviewed by Carolyn Schumacher for approximately 65 minutes about her career path and chosen field. Covert began working at the University of Pittsburgh in 1946 as an assistant professor, in the Cathedral of Learning. She spoke fondly of her experiences teaching athletics, including field hockey and the inception of cheerleading at the University. Covert pronounced the importance of physical education for women during the time period and today.
Containers
box 7, cassette 10
Scope and Content Notes
Rachael Donaldson was interviewed by Carolyn Schumacher for approximately 90 minutes. Donaldson discussed her family, lack of money, and early education. Originally, she attended Indiana State College, but transferred to Chatham where she studied Latin and French, joined a language club, and graduated in 1936. After graduation, Donaldson worked at the Junior High School in Moon Run teaching social studies and English, and then she moved to Coraopolis to teach Latin and French. Donaldson then received at job working at the University of Pittsburgh's Alumni Office, and decided to pursue a Masters of Education degree. Donaldson joined the Waves and was sent to Newport and Boston Navy Yards where she attended Court Marshal cases and taught Naval Law. Following the war, she moved to Aspinwall, married in 1947, and started having a family.
Containers
box 7, cassette 11
Scope and Content Notes
Savina Skewis was interviewed by Carolyn Schumacher for approximately 65 minutes. Skewis graduated from the University of Delaware in 1927, with a major in home economics and a minor in chemistry. In 1946, Skewis began working at the University of Pittsburgh as Assistant Director of Food Services. She explained her interest in food as it relates to people and the development of families. Skewis spoke of her experience on the 12th Floor of the Cathedral of Learning, helping with dinners, teas, and attending meetings. Skewis discussed a time line of her career including becoming the Associate Dean of Women in 1950, Dean of Women in 1968, Associate Dean of Students in 1971, Advisor to the Chancellor and Director of Heinz Chapel from 1974-1978, and finally, the Consultant to the Secretary of the University from 1978-1984.
Containers
box 7, cassette 12
Scope and Content Notes
Carolyn Schumacher is interviewed on KQV Radio by Desteo for approximately 20 minutes. Schumacher speaks about the exhibit "The History of Women at Pitt: Reflections on a Changing Society" while also giving general information about female education during the late 1800s- early 1900s. Schumacher speaks about her research, sources, oral history interviews, and production of the exhibit. Additionally, she speaks about the impact of both World Wars on the educational and occupational opportunities for women.
Containers
box 7, cassette 13
Scope and Content Notes
Carolyn Schumacher is interviewed by John O'Malley of WEEP FM Radio for approximately 23 minutes. Schumacher discusses the development of "The History of Women at Pitt: Reflections on a Changing Society" in addition to her research, sources, oral history interviews, and gives general information about opportunities for women during the twentieth century.
Containers
box 7, cassette 14
Scope and Content Notes
Sunny Pickering was interviewed by Carolyn Schumacher for approximately 60 minutes. She speaks of her family life, parent's education, and early education experiences. Pickering attended Rochelle Elementary School while also attending oratory school and art classes; she graduated from Carrick High School in 1938. Pickering spoke of the importance of getting her driver's license and living through the depression. Her family believed she needed polishing, so they sent her to Allegheny College in Meadville to learn manners, social graces, and to experience living away from home. In 1939, she transferred to Carnegie Institute of Technology/ Margaret Morrison to study art; while in college, she joined Alpha Kappa Psi and met her husband.
Containers
box 7, cassette 15-16
Scope and Content Notes
Carolyn Sutton was interviewed by Carolyn Schumacher for approximately 90 minutes about her childhood, family, and early education experiences. Sutton grew up in Sewickley, attended Sewickley Academy, and then was sent away to the Master's Boarding School in New York. Sutton then attended the University of Pittsburgh, studying "general education," language, English, and art. Sutton recalled memories of communist students, African American classmates, and going before the Senior Court for failing her orientation exam. Sutton worked in a machine shop in Bellevue making "go-no-go gauges" earning $0.90-$1.10; she spoke of her experience as the only woman in the machine shop and the friendships she built.
Containers
box 7, cassette 17
Scope and Content Notes
Terry Gould was interviewed by Debora (?) for approximately 28 minutes concerning her career path. Gould, who speaks about her experience as the Director of Educational and Community Affairs at the University of Pittsburgh, discusses her job role, professional obligations, and early familial expectations. Gould mentioned her exposure to sexual discrimination and experiences, as compared to men, in the field.
Containers
box 7, cassette 18
Scope and Content Notes
Vee Toner was interviewed by Carolyn Schumacher for approximately 60 minutes concerning her early family life, education, and experiences as a woman growing up in the twentieth century. Toner's father started the Lackzoom Health Food Stores in Pittsburgh, which became GNC (General Nutrition Centers) after her brother took over the business. Toner attended the University of Pittsburgh, which she believed to be co-educational and welcoming to women. At Pitt, Toner studied Liberal Arts, joined Delta Zeta, and participated in the sophomore honorary organization Quains(?). As a young woman, Toner owned her own plane and flew in air races and contests. Toner also attended the University of Wisconsin and UCLA to gain Physical Education credits to become a basketball coach in addition to teaching physical education and health, which she did for ten years. Toner married in 1937 and moved often for her husband's job with PPG.
Containers
box 7, cassette 19
Scope and Content Notes
Viola Pattersons was interviewed by Carolyn Schumacher for approximately 63 minutes. Pattersons recalled her years at the University of Pittsburgh studying education, and mentions skipping class in order to go out to the lawn (where the Cathedral of Learning is now) to watch Billy Sunday speak from a tent. Pattersons graduated and began teaching 8th grade history for $68 a week.
Scope and Content Notes
Series IV contains legal documents from the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. There appears to be no obvious relationship between the records and Schumacher's personal life or research.
Containers
box 5, folder 32
Containers
box 5, folder 33
Containers
box 5, folder 34
Containers
box 5, folder 35
Scope and Content Notes
Series VI contains material related to Schumacher's research focusing on women at the University of Pittsburgh, from the acceptance of the first female students in 1895 to the inception of the Women's Studies Program in 1972. The series includes articles and publications, correspondence, legislation, newspaper clippings, and notes.
Containers
box 8, folder 1
Containers
box 8, folder 2
Containers
box 8, folder 3
Containers
box 8, folder 4
Containers
box 8, folder 5
Containers
box 8, folder 6
Containers
box 8, folder 7
Containers
box 8, folder 8
Containers
box 8, folder 9
Containers
box 8, folder 10
Containers
box 8, folder 11
Containers
box 8, folder 12
Containers
box 8, folder 13
Containers
box 8, folder 14
Containers
box 8, folder 15
Containers
box 8, folder 16
Containers
box 8, folder 17
Containers
box 8, folder 18
Containers
box 8, folder 19
Containers
box 8, folder 20
Containers
box 8, folder 21
Containers
box 8, folder 22
Containers
box 8, folder 23
Containers
box 8, folder 24
Containers
box 8, folder 25
Containers
box 8, folder 26
Containers
box 8, folder 27
Containers
box 8, folder 28
Containers
box 8, folder 29
Containers
box 8, folder 30
Containers
box 8, folder 31
Containers
box 8, folder 32
Containers
box 8, folder 33
Containers
box 8, folder 34
Containers
box 8, folder 35
Containers
box 8, folder 36
Containers
box 8, folder 37
Containers
box 8, folder 38
Containers
box 8, folder 39
Containers
box 8, folder 40
Containers
box 8, folder 41
Containers
box 8, folder 42
Containers
box 8, folder 43
Containers
box 8, folder 44
Containers
box 8, folder 45
Containers
box 8, folder 46
Containers
box 8, folder 47
Containers
box 8, folder 48
Containers
box 8, folder 49
Containers
box 8, folder 50
Containers
box 8, folder 51
Containers
box 8, folder 52
Containers
box 8, folder 53
Containers
box 8, folder 54
Containers
box 8, folder 55
Containers
box 8, folder 56
Containers
box 8, folder 57
Containers
box 8, folder 58
Containers
box 8, folder 59
Containers
box 8, folder 60
Containers
box 8, folder 61
Containers
box 8, folder 62
Containers
box 8, folder 63
Containers
box 8, folder 64
Containers
box 8, folder 65
Containers
box 8, folder 66
Containers
box 8, folder 67
Containers
box 8, folder 68
Containers
box 8, folder 69
Containers
box 8, folder 70
Containers
box 8, folder 71
Containers
box 8, folder 72
Containers
box 8, folder 73
Containers
box 8, folder 74
Containers
box 8, folder 75
Containers
box 8, folder 76
Containers
box 8, folder 77
Containers
box 8, folder 78
Containers
box 8, folder 79
Containers
box 8, folder 80
Containers
box 8, folder 81
Containers
box 8, folder 82
Containers
box 8, folder 83
Containers
box 8, folder 84
Containers
box 8, folder 85
Containers
box 8, folder 86
Containers
box 8, folder 87
Containers
box 8, folder 88
Containers
box 8, folder 89
Containers
box 8, folder 90
Containers
box 8, folder 91
Containers
box 8, folder 92
Containers
box 8, folder 93
Containers
box 8, folder 94
Containers
box 8, folder 95
Containers
box 8, folder 96
Containers
box 8, folder 97
Containers
box 8, folder 98
Containers
box 8, folder 99
Containers
box 8, folder 100
Containers
box 10, folder 4
Containers
box 10, folder 5
Containers
box 10, folder 6
Containers
box 10, folder 7
Containers
box 10, folder 8
Containers
box 10, folder 9
Containers
box 10, folder 10
Containers
box 10, folder 11
Containers
box 10, folder 12
Scope and Content Notes
Series VII contains material related to the 1987 exhibit "The History of Women at Pitt: Reflections on a Changing Society," directed by Carolyn Schumacher, which chronicles the experience of women from 1895-1987 at the University of Pittsburgh. The exhibit was included in the bicentennial celebration of the university. The series includes correspondence, drafts, notes, proposals, publicity, and photographic material related to the project.
Scope and Content Notes
The Administrative Files subseries contains materials related to Schumacher's development, proposal, and execution of the "History of Women at Pitt" Exhibit. The subseries includes correspondence, proposals, grant applications, meeting minutes, newsletters, notes, and publications.
Containers
box 8, folder 101
Containers
box 8, folder 102
Containers
box 8, folder 103
Containers
box 8, folder 104
Containers
box 8, folder 105
Containers
box 8, folder 106
Containers
box 8, folder 107
Containers
box 8, folder 108
Containers
box 8, folder 109
Containers
box 8, folder 110
Containers
box 8, folder 111
Containers
box 8, folder 112
Containers
box 8, folder 113
Containers
box 8, folder 114
Containers
box 8, folder 115
Containers
box 8, folder 116
Containers
box 8, folder 117
Containers
box 8, folder 118
Containers
box 8, folder 119
Containers
box 8, folder 120
Containers
map-case 32 / 1, oversize 1
Containers
box 10, folder 42
Scope and Content Notes
The Production Files subseries contains materials related to the creation of the physical exhibit of "The History of Women at Pitt." The subseries includes articles, budgets, drafts, outlines, and publicity for the exhibit.
Containers
box 10, folder 121
Containers
box 10, folder 122
Containers
box 10, folder 123
Containers
box 10, folder 124
Containers
box 10, folder 125
Containers
box 10, folder 126
Containers
box 10, folder 127
Containers
box 10, folder 128
Containers
box 10, folder 129
Containers
box 10, folder 130
Containers
box 10, folder 131
Containers
box 10, folder 132
Containers
box 10, folder 133
Containers
box 10, folder 13
Containers
box 10, folder 14
Containers
box 10, folder 15
Containers
box 10, folder 16
Containers
box 10, folder 17
Containers
box 10, folder 18
Containers
box 10, folder 19
Containers
box 10, folder 20
Containers
box 10, folder 21
Containers
box 10, folder 22
Containers
box 10, folder 23
Containers
box 10, folder 24
Containers
box 10, folder 25
Containers
box 10, folder 7
Containers
box 10, folder 27
Containers
box 10, folder 28
Containers
box 10, folder 29
Containers
box 10, folder 30
Containers
box 10, folder 31
Containers
box 10, folder 32
Containers
box 10, folder 33
Containers
box 10, folder 34
Containers
box 10, folder 35
Containers
box 10, folder 36
Scope and Content Notes
The Photographic Material Files subseries contains photographic materials related to the development of "The History of Women at Pitt: Reflections on a Changing Society" exhibit, including negatives, slides, and printed photographs.
Containers
box 9, folder 1
Containers
box 9, folder 2
Containers
box 9, folder 3
Containers
box 10, folder 37
Containers
box 10, folder 38
Containers
box 10, folder 39
Containers
box 10, folder 40
Containers
box 10, folder 41
Scope and Content Notes
Series VII contains materials related to Schumacher's research on women in higher education; while there is some information about women in Pittsburgh, this series focuses on the implications of higher education for women nationwide. The series includes articles and publications, notes, newsletters, and statistical reports.