Guide to the Rust Engineering Company Records, 1905-1989 AIS.2006.06

Arrangement

Repository
ULS Archives & Special Collections
Title
Rust Engineering Company Records
Creator
Rust Engineering Company
Collection Number
AIS.2006.06
Extent
39.03 Linear Feet (87 boxes, 5 rolls of microfilm, 1 oversize folder)
Date
1905-1989
Date
1908-1967
Abstract
The Rust Engineering Company specialized in the design and construction of equipment and facilities for heavy industry, including furnaces, boiler settings, industrial chimneys, and entire manufacturing and processing plants. This collection documents the management of Rust Engineering's Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, headquarters by its first two presidents, Stirling Murray Rust and Stirling Murray Rust, Jr., through correspondence, job and financial reports, meeting minutes, promotional items, newspaper clippings, and photographs. Digital reproductions of the collection are available online.
Language
English .
Author
Carolyn Smith.
Sponsor
Funding for this project was provided by Stirling Murray Rust, Jr.
Publisher
ULS Archives & Special Collections
Address
University of Pittsburgh Library System
Archives & Special Collections
Website: library.pitt.edu/archives-special-collections
Business Number: 412-648-3232 (Thomas) | 412-648-8190 (Hillman)
Contact Us: www.library.pitt.edu/ask-archivist
URL: http://library.pitt.edu/archives-special-collections

History

The Rust Engineering Company was founded in 1905 as a partnership between three brothers from Virginia; Ellsworth Marshall Rust (E.M. Rust), Edmund Jennings Lee Rust (Lee Rust), and Stirling Murray Rust (S.M. Rust). Originally created to handle boiler sales and brickwork for the Rust Boiler Company, which was owned by three older Rust brothers, Rust Engineering quickly expanded into other subsets of design and construction and was soon building foundations, power houses, and eventually entire manufacturing plants. Rust Engineering was also a leading builder of industrial chimneys and furnaces, which were in high demand throughout most of the twentieth century.

In 1913, Rust Engineering opened an office in Pittsburgh, where the Rust Boiler Company was already established. The small office was headed by S.M. Rust, who already had experience working in the Pittsburgh region. In 1920 the partnership was dissolved and Rust Engineering was incorporated into three separate companies based in Pittsburgh, Birmingham, and Washington, D.C. S.M. Rust became president of the Pittsburgh companies, while vice-presidents E.M. Rust and Lee Rust headed the Washington, D.C., and Birmingham companies, respectively. The partnership struggled at first, facing railroad delays, uncooperative workers, and droughts in the south. In the mid-1920s, the Washington, D.C. company was dissolved and became a sales office, and the Birmingham and Pittsburgh companies merged. The official headquarters was in Pittsburgh, but the Birmingham office continued to operate independently for many years. The company survived these initial difficulties, as well as the Depression that followed, through its versatility. By taking on everything from simple repair jobs to complex design projects, the company could adapt to major changes.

In 1939, S.M. Rust, Jr. became the operating manager for the Pittsburgh office, although his father remained president until 1944. A mechanical engineer, S.M. Rust, Jr. had the daunting task of managing a constant supply of government contracts during World War II. Rust Engineering's experience with many types of industrial construction made it ideal for wartime work.

By the 1950s, Rust Engineering was a leading engineering firm known for its furnaces, paper mills, concrete work, and "turn-key" plants, so called because the company handled everything from the blueprints to the installation of machinery, leaving the plant fully operational and the keys in the hands of management. Rust Engineering took contracts across the United States, but was especially important in Pittsburgh, where it built for Westinghouse, Pittsburgh Plate and Glass, and many of the city's steel mills. Rust Engineering also built the foundations and steel framework of the Koppers Building, one of the distinctive features of the Pittsburgh skyline.

In 1967, Rust Engineering was sold to Litton Industries. In the years following the sale, the company was merged and reassigned numerous times, and in 1971 its headquarters was moved from Pittsburgh to Birmingham, Alabama. As of 2020, Rust has been included in several acquisitions and in 2014 Rust Constructors was acquired by AECOM and its headquarters are in Houston, Texas. Historical detail about Rust Engineering's work at times is described at the series level.

Scope and Content Notes

The majority of the documents in this collection follow the Rust Engineering Company from its founding in 1905 until its sale to Litton Industries in 1967 -- the time when Rust was a family-run organization. Although it contains a variety of material, the strength of the collection lies in the correspondence and project files of the company's first two presidents, S.M. Rust and S.M. Rust, Jr., who operated from the Pittsburgh office.

Working at a time when most long-distance business communication was by letter or telegram, both presidents wrote constantly to their officers, their brothers and uncles at branch offices, foremen and site superintendents, lawyers, financial advisors, other companies, and clients. Their discussions, which are often detailed and sometimes personal, show how they handled management decisions day to day; a typical letter might inquire about a shipment of brick, settle a dispute between workers, or discuss contacts in the paper mill industry. A great deal of correspondence is devoted to individual jobs, since the presidents were ultimately responsible for arranging contracts and correcting any problems that arose, such as delays, union strikes, or unexpected costs. The frequency and detail of the letters makes it possible to see what was important in the office at nearly any time from 1918 to 1949.

Taken as a whole, the president's files demonstrate how the company reacted and adapted to the major events of the twentieth century, as well as changing ideals in business culture. Rust Engineering profited from the need for steel and steam power during the 1920s, survived the Great Depression, served the home front during World War II, and reverted to peacetime operations afterwards. In the process, Rust Engineering also transformed from a small, family-run company offering a single specific service into a large corporation overseeing multiple projects of many types across the United States and around the world.

In addition to providing a record of one company's changes over time, the collection can also be seen as the history of the careers of S.M. Rust and his son S.M. Rust, Jr. The files span S.M. Rust's career from his time as a 27-year-old worker in New Orleans, just beginning his professional work, through his retirement from the presidency in 1944. His letters are clear and logical and often explain in detail the reasoning behind the decisions he made. He was especially attentive to human resource decisions, since he believed that getting the "right man for the job" was key to the success of any business. There is little evidence of self-censorship in these files; S.M. Rust discussed the strengths and weaknesses of employees with honesty and fairness, and he did not hesitate to tell them what they did wrong. More telling, though, is that his workers often had no qualms about responding to their employer in an equally frank tone. He maintained a strong sense of loyalty to those who worked for him, and attempted to solve or prevent problems rather than simply replace a worker.

Similarly, the files trace S.M. Rust, Jr.'s transition from a management position to president of the company. Like his father, he had to make personnel decisions and was concerned with character and potential. Perhaps the most striking example is a series of letters in which S.M. Rust, Jr. is the only employer among ten companies willing to consider a former Alcatraz prisoner for a job. S.M. Rust, Jr. was also involved in the local community as a member of several social and charitable organizations.

The record of president's files ends abruptly after 1949. The few materials from after the company's sale to Litton Industries in 1967 are mostly published items, probably collected by the Rust family.

In addition to the president's files, the collection contains minute books and charters, promotional items, an extensive clipping collection, and approximately 400 photographs of construction sites and employees at work. A photo album from 1917 and 1918 captures the construction of structures for the steel industry in Alabama, including coal tipples, coke ovens, storage bins, screening plants, and blast furnaces.

Timeline

1905: The Rust Engineering Company is founded in Birmingham, Alabama, as a partnership between three brothers.

1913: Pittsburgh Office opens.

1920: Partnership is dissolved, and the company is incorporated into three financially independent companies: Rust Engineering of Delaware (Pittsburgh Office), Rust Engineering of Maryland (D.C. Office), and Rust Engineering of Alabama (Birmingham Office).

1918: Rust purchases the Birmingham Clay Products Company to manufacture brick.

1925: Eric Plagwit is hired and placed at the head of a new Chimney Department.

Mid-1920s: Rust Engineering of Maryland is dissolved, assets go to Pittsburgh.

1927: Rust's first subsidiary, the Rust Furnace Company, is formed.

1936: The Allegheny Industrial Electrical Company is formed as a subsidiary.

1938: The Woodbridge Clay Product Company becomes an affiliate.

1939: S.M. Rust, Jr. becomes operating manager of the Pittsburgh Company.

1944: S.M. Rust retires from the presidency and becomes Chairman of the Board of Directors; S.M. Rust, Jr. becomes president.

1967: Rust is bought by Litton Industries, becoming a division of that company.

1971: Rust's headquarters is moved from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, to Birmingham, Alabama.

1972: Rust is bought by Wheelabrator-Frye

1981: Wheelabrator-Frye acquires Pullman, Inc. Rust's northeast operations are merged with Swindell operations, forming Swindell Rust.

1981: The Rust Engineering Company becomes a division of Kellogg Rust, Inc., still owned by Wheelabrator-Frye.

1982: Kellogg Rust forms Rust International Corporation by merging all of Rust's former divisions.

1983: Wheelabrator-Frye merges with the Signal Companies, Inc. Rust becomes one of the signal companies.

1985: The Signal Companies and Allied Corporation merge into Allied-Signal, Inc.

1986: Kellogg Rust is dissolved. Rust International becomes part of Wheelabrator Technologies, Inc., a subsidiary of the Henley Group, Inc. The Henley Group had been created in a spin-off of Allied-Signal to its shareholders.

1990: Waste Management Inc. becomes Rust's parent company by increasing its equity ownership of Wheelabrator Technologies.

1992: Rust International, Inc. is formed by combining parts of Waste Management companies Chemical Waste Management, Wheelabrator Technologies, and the Brand Companies.

1993: Waste Management changes its name to WMX Technologies, Inc.

1995: Rust is owned 60 percent by WMX Technologies and 40 percent by Wheelabrator Technologies.

1996: Raytheon Engineers & Constructors, part of Raytheon Company, acquires Rust.

2000: Morrison Knudsen Corporation acquires Raytheon Engineers & Constructors and creates Washington Group International, Inc. It is one of the largest engineering and construction firms in the United States. Rust is now known as Rust Constructors, Inc.

2007: Washington Group and its subsidiaries acquired by URS Corporation.

2014: URS acquired by AECOM. Rust Constructors headquarters moved to Houston, TX

Arrangement

The collection has been arranged into the following series and subseries. The president's files have been described by decade in order to highlight the changes. The presidents' office files were kept in three basic ways; correspondence between the presidents and others, files on individual jobs, and subject files containing information on particular events or problems. While they form subseries, it is important to note that they may not contain all information about a particular topic; in most cases, more information can be found in the correspondence files. Also note that while the filing system in the president's correspondence sometimes appears continuous and may contain documents from every working day, it is not a complete record. The office's main criteria for retaining documents changed over time. Please see the series and subseries notes for more detail.

  • Series I. Histories and General Information
  • Series II. Minute Books, 1920-1967
  • Series III. President's Office Files, 1905-1919
  • Series IV. President's Office Files, 1920-1929
  • Series V. President's Office Files, 1930-1939
  • Series VI. President's Office Files, 1940-1941
  • Series VII. Affiliate Companies, 1927-1974
  • Series VIII. Publicity, 1920-1989
  • Series IX. Photographs, 1911-1967
  • Series X. New Materials Added, 1915-1989

Access Restrictions

No restrictions.

Acquisition Information

Gift of Stirling Murray Rust, Jr. on February 2, 2006. Additions made on December 14, 2018.

Previous Citation

Rust Engineering Company Records, 1905-1989, AIS.2006.06, Archives Service Center, University of Pittsburgh

Preferred Citation

Rust Engineering Company Records, 1905-1989, AIS.2006.06, Archives & Special Collections, University of Pittsburgh Library System

Processing Information

This collection was processed by Carolyn Smith in 2006-2007. Additions were processed by Madelyn Sheridan in 2019.

Copyright

Copyright resides with the donor, S.M. Murray Rust, Jr. Some photographs are stamped with the names of studios or photographers. These items are the intellectual property of the creator and cannot be reproduced without permission.

Existence and Location of Copies

Digital reproductions of the collection are available electronically at http://historicpittsburgh.org/collection/rust-engineering-company-records.

Separated Material

Photographs and microfilm are housed in the Media Room. Boxes 43 and 65 are oversized and housed separately.

Subjects

    Corporate Names

    • Allegheny Industrial Electrical Company
    • Rust Engineering Company
    • Rust Furnace Company
    • Vibroflotation Foundation Company
    • United States. National Recovery Administration

    Personal Names

    • Rust, Edmund Jennings Lee
    • Rust, Ellsworth Marshall
    • Rust, Stirling Murray, Jr.
    • Rust, Stirling Murray

    Geographic Names

    • Birmingham (Ala.)
    • Holt (Ala.)
    • New York (N.Y.)
    • Pittsburgh (Pa.)
    • Washington (D.C.)

    Occupations

    • Executives
    • Draftsmen (People in engineering)

    Genres

    • Photograph albums
    • Office files
    • Minute books
    • Microfilms
    • Correspondence
    • Brochures
    • Black-and-white negatives
    • Black-and-white photographs
    • Construction workers
    • Chief financial officers
    • Clippings (Information artifacts)

    Other Subjects

    • Sales personnel
    • Engineers
    • Bricklayers
    • Labor unions
    • Industrial management
    • Industrial engineering
    • Industrial buildings -- Foundations
    • Business and Industry
    • Gunite
    • Furnaces
    • Engineering
    • Construction industry -- Management
    • Coke plants
    • Chimneys
    • Brickmaking
    • Mechanical engineers
    • Boilers
    • Mechanical engineering
    • Paper mills
    • Pulp mills
    • Construction equipment operators
    • Steam-boilers
    • Steel industry and trade
    • Strikes and lockouts
    • Depressions -- 1929
    • Industrial engineers

Container List