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" , I 1 _'_,7, 1 I 11 11-1 1 , _-, -, * - , ,: " - " .", I - , I _ I . "I I I I - I- I I - ' ', dt/V , ,Y_i , 11 : - , - , - " , I I I- , : ,, ',7-' .,.'_ . ,! - , - - , - , -- , - , -,,-.11. -11 - , -I, -_: - -1 ___ . " ,, - - , i " , 1 lv: , I , - 4 ,_ "I'll , , - 1 - , i l '1 , I I I . - . I _, I , ,, , -,, ., , -- - ir - - 1, A, i , __ I :i " I - _ '. ., , , - ; , , , - I - , _ , - - - , 1, .. - , , , l - - 11 , - - I - , -' - I I ,., I .,i ,, -, . - - . , :., , 1. I - - , ,_ ,--- -, t I - I 11 ", -,v , , l ' ,, - I - , , 'v - '- . , , '. - , .1 , '; _7 7il - I I , , , , -1 I I . - I I , , , . I . _ f , . .- . :i - - , ,. I - _ _, , , I .- , -, - -.1, 1 1 I , . , , , ", , - - ;, j - "I I . . . I - I , . , I - , -- _ " I . I " - ". I , , I I , - . , 1, . li,J, I I I I , I I I I : %, , I , I - , , _4il _ _ .' , - - I .", , i" -','-- I I I I I - -4. 1 1 I_I_ 1 1_" _ ,4, - - , - ;.." 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d OF PITTSBURGH A Quarterly of Fact and Thought at the University CONTENTS FORTY-SEVENTH NUMBER, AUTUMN, 1952 New University Trustees ........................3 Retirements.....................................4 What College Graduates Do .....................5 Stanton C. Crawford Role of Communications ...................6......6 Nuclear Physics Conference ......................7 David Halliday Eleventh Annual Historical Tour .................9 The Twenty-fifth Anniversary, Johnstown Center.. i F. W. Shockley June Commencement, 1952........... Jane Shaw Commencement Awards ......... Atlantic Monthly Awards.......... Fort McIntosh ................... Edwin V. Pugh New Law Dean ................... Work Simplification Conference..... Lavonne M. Frey Alumni Homecoming, 1952......... Reorganization of Psychology Staff.. Appointments in Physics........... ROTC Summer Camp.............. Socony-Vacuum Scholarships..... Tuition Increase............... News in Pictures............... Office of the Dean of Women....... June Graduates, Public Health...... Dr. Bonebreak ................... Claire Brackman Eighth Reading Conference......... German Educators ................. Graduate Work in Industry......... In Memoriam .................... Pitcairn-Crabbe Lecture 2.......... ............. 2- . 29 . 29 .... . New Science and Old................ W. C. Kelly .............12 Nation's First Branch Store Clinic......... .1........... 12 News Notes ...................... 12, 17, .'........... 14 Geographers Visit Pitt .................. Dr. John Maxwell Ferguson............ .17 Nationality Notes ....................... Workshop in Health Education .......... Heinz Memorial Chapel, 195 1952 ........ ............. Raymond F. Brittain .20 Norman C. Ochsenhirt .................. .21 Library Notes ........................... ... .21 Student Hostess Awardees, 1952............ ...........24 The Ford Fellow ....................... . .... ...24 Richard C. Snyder ..........2S,44 Editor's Note .......................... .30 .31 32. ... 33 34, 40 4 .... .35 39 .... .40 40 41 ....... 43 COPYRIGHT 1952. BY UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH - PITTSBURGH - PENNSYLVANIA UNIVERSITY

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PITT A Quarterly of Fact and Thought at the University of Pittsburgh AGNES L. STARRETT Editor Editorial Board. The Editor Chairman, Leland Baldwin, T. W. Biddle, John G. Bowman, Bishop Brown, H. C. Carlson, James Coull, Stanton C. Crawford, Robert F. Edgar, Theodore M. Finney, R. H. Fitzgerald, Henry S. Frank, S. P. Franklin, George Gould, Robert X. Graham, Elmer D. Graper, Peter Gray, Thomas J. Hamilton, William A. Hamor, Fletcher Hodges, Jr., Walter R. Hovey, Percival Hunt, Auleene M. Jamison, Putnam F. Jones, Ruth Perkins Kuehn, Vincent W. Lanfear, Max A. Lauffer, H. E. Longenecker, W. S. McEllroy, W. I. Newstetter, Charles B. Nutting, John W. Oliver, Thomas Parran, Francis C. Pray, J. Gilbert Quick, Edward C. Reif, G. Stanley Rupp, Helen Pool Rush, F. W. Shockley, W. W. D. Sones, W. F. Swanson, Lawrence E. Van Kirk, J. P. Watson, John Weber, Buell Whitehill, Arthur Young. Thomas M. Jarrett, University photographer. New University Trustees Two new trustees have been added to the University Board of Trustees to fill vacancies on the Board, and nine trustees whose terms had expired have been re- elected. The new trustees are the Honorable Sara M. Soffel and Mr. J. Kennedy Beeson. Judge Soffel was elected as one of four alumni repre- sentatives on the Board and is the first woman ever to be elected to the Board of Trustees. She will serve with the nine reelected trustees to form the class of ten for three-year terms effectiveJuly I, 1952 to June 30, 195 5 . Judge Soffel, a graduate of the University of Pitts- burgh School of Law, has been Judge, Court of Common Pleas of Allegheny County, since January, 1942 She is a director of the Pittsburgh chapter, National Conference of Christians and Jews, and a member of the American, Pennsylvania, and Allegheny County Bar Associations, the American Association of University Women, Mortar Board, Phi Delta Delta, Phi Beta Kappa, and Order of Coif. She received the degree, Bachelor of Arts, from Wellesley College and holds honorary Doctor of Laws degrees from the University of Pittsburgh, Wilson College, Pennsyl- vania College for Women, and Grove City College. She was admitted to the Pennsylvania bar in 1916 and was first appointed to the bench in 1930 as Judge of the County Court of Allegheny County. Judge Sara M. Soffel, first woman University trustee Mr. Beeson will fill the vacancy caused by the death of Wilbur D. Hockensmith. His term will exFire June 30, 1954. Mr. Beeson, a graduate of Yale University, is director and president of the Pittsburgh Gage and Supply Company. He is a member of the board of directors of the Akron-Canton-Youngstown Railroad, the Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, of which he is vice president, the Pittsburgh Steel Company, Shady- side Academy, and the Union National Bank of Pitts- burgh. He is president and director of the Community Chest of Allegheny County, and is a councilman of Fox Chapel Borough. Trustees reelected to the Board are Arthur E. Braun, Leon Falk, Jr., Marcus A. Follansbee, George D. Lockhart, George B. Lovc, Alan M. Scaife, G. Dixon Shrum, William Watson Smith, and J. Huber Wagner. iMr. J. Kennedy Beeson, newly elected University trustee -/ AI

RETIREMENTS DR. R. F. GRIGGS AND DR. E. A. WOLF Two University professors, Dr. Robert F. Griggs and Dr. E. Alfred Wolf, have retired this summer from the University's biological science department. Dr. Griggs, professor of biology, joined the Pitt staff in 1947 after teaching at Fargo College, Ohio State University, and George Washington University. Dr. Griggs is one of the most distinguished botanists in the United States. He was the discoverer of the valley about which he wrote a best seller, The Valley of the Ten Thousand Smokes. Dr. Griggs holds degrees from Ohio State, Uni- versity of Minnesota, and Harvard. Hie has been a member of governmental expeditions to Puerto Rico, Guatemala, and Alaska, and he directed National Geographic Society Expeditions to the Katmai District, Alaska. In addition Dr. Griggs is a member of numerous societies including Phi Beta Kappa, Botanical Society, American Veterinary Medical Association, Resources Council of America, and the National Geographic Society. He has been a consultant in ecology for the University of California since 1947. Dr. Wolf, professor of zoology, first came to the University in 192.6. He was born in Poland and was educated in Germany at the Universities of Goet- tingen and Breslau. Before coming to Pittsburgh he taught German at Elmhurst College, Illinois. Dr. Wolf is the author of many papers published in pro- fessional journals. Dr. Wolf is a member of the American Society of Zoologists, the International Association of Dental Research, American Association for the Advancement of Science, and was one of the founders of the Pitts- burgh chapter of Phi Sigma, honorary graduate bio- logical society. DR. WHITFORD H. SHELTON DR. WHITFORD H. SHELTON, who through forty years has taught French and has directed the department of modern languages at Pitt, retired to a new home in Rockville, Md. From 192.1 to 1946, as the University Marshall, Dr. Shelton shepherded 25 graduating classes through commencement exercises. During the war years of 1943 and 1944 Dr. Shelton directed the co- ordination of the teaching of languages to the Army Specialized Training Program. It was rhen the Uni- versity developed intensive training methods of language teaching that won national praise. The many, many alumni who studied French with Dr. Shelton will miss him as they return to the campus, and many, many friends will miss the gracious presence of Mrs. Shelton at the affairs of the Women's Associ- ation. All good wishes go with them as they make a new home near their children and grandchildren, resting and finding new interests. Dr. Whitford H. Shelton Dr. Robert F. Griggs Dr. E. Alfred Wolf

WHAT COLLEGE GRADUATES DO STANTON C. CRAWFORD Dean, The College aT do graduates of liberal arts colleges do after graduation? Where do they go and what fields of endeavor do they enter? These and many other such questions were answered by 1,2-53 graduates of The College of the University of Pittsburgh who replied to a questionnaire mailed to them last spring. Only the graduates of the past five years were included in the mailing. Many of them were still attending graduate or professional schools. Others were still giving the military service upon which they entered following college graduation. Many of them have already established homes and are raising families of children. Aside from those continuing their studies, the 103 in military service and the 73 housewives, all reported appropriate professional activity or work in business and industry except 16 who were unemployed. Hundreds of them answered questions giving an evaluation of their undergraduate training with reference to their activities since graduation. Some of the interesting aspects of the replies are given below. Three hundred and eighty-eight attended pro- fessional schools: Medicine 164 (iio at the University of Pittsburgh, 54 at 2.3 other schools); Law 79 (43 at Pitt, 36 at 16 other schools); Dentistry 46 (all but two at Pittsburgh); Theology 36; Retail Training 25; Social Work ii; Physical Therapy Io; Osteopathy 5; Public Health 4; Pharmacy 3; Library Science 3; Optometry 2; Veterinary Science i. Two hundred and fifty-five attended Graduate Schools, 172. here and 83 at 44 other schools. Up to the time of reporting, four Doctor of Philosophy degrees and 12.6 Master's degrees had been earned. Forty persons named continuing school attendance as their major present activity. In addition to the 388 graduates of the College who listed attendance at professional schools, 865 reported the following employment and other activities. This list includes those who attended graduate (but not professional) schools: Armed services 103 Chemists 36 Insurance 20 Housewives 73 Engineers 31 Geologists 17 Teaching 66 Laboratory technicians z Psychologists 15 Sales work 61 "Science Research" 26 Advertising ii Other business employment 58 Secretaries 26 Public Relations ii Journalism & radio 42- Government Service 2- Mathematics & Statistics in Industry 36 Personnel work 2o 21 other categories held fewer than io each. Music, sports, and reading were favorite avoca- activities most frequently mentioned shows these tional interests reported by the graduates. The list of groups: Music 152 Politics, civic work 5O Radio & Television 2.3 Sports 141 Outdoor activities 49 Youth groups zo Reading 132- Art work 48 Gardening 19 Photography 82 Church work 47 Mil. Reserve & Vet. Groups i8 Writing 57 Dramatics z8 Economics, social studies 18 Scientific studies 54 Metal & woodworking 2- Welfare work 16 17 other categories were reported by 5 persons or fewer, each.

Five hundred fifty-five, or 44% of the graduates replying to the questionnaire reported their marriage. The postcard statement was too brief to indicate how long they had been married, or to indicate instances where the individuals responding were married to each other. One hundred twenty-six reported one child in the family, 97 reported two children, 2. reported three, and one reported four. Three hundred and three reported no children, but many of them may have been married only recent]y. The questionnaire asked the graduates to evaluate their undergraduate training. By no means all re- sponded to this question, and those who did were required to frame their own statements, because no suggested comments were listed. Accordingly, the answers were somewhat difficult to tabulate, but it was obvious that the verdict was favorable and com- plimentary by a proportion of more than ten to one. The favorable comments numbered 877, the unfavor- able ones 83. To the -z8 who said "excellent, fine" and the Iio who said "superior, very good" should doubtless be added the 36 who said "indispensable, wonderful, important, great, splendid, invaluable, wouldn't ex- change it for anything, best investment I ever made," the 37 who spoke of broadened understanding, the 8 who said 'stimulating, interesting, enlightening," and the 6 who spoke of increased capacity for the en- joyment of life. In a slightly less enthusiastic category are the 234 who said "good," the 68 who said 'helpful, valuable, worthwhile," the 4 who recognized that it "made me a better citizen," and the Y who spoke of their "thorough" training. With appreciation, but some reservations, were the 18 who said "better than fair, more than adequate," the 88 who thought their experience was "fair, average," the 112 who said it had been "satisfactory, adequate," the 2- who declared that "it helped me get a good job," and the 15 who said the values were "general but not specific." On the negative side, to the 26 who said that their training had been "poor, inadequate" should be added the 4 who said it had been "completely worthless.'' Twenty-four complained that their college ex- perience had not given definite enough preparation for their jobs. There was a minor contest between the 4 who felt that their programs had been not technical enough and the three who thought they had been too tech- nical. Four more had found the work to be "super- ficial, too easy." Three had found "not enough courses" and 3 thought that certain courses were poor. A few other negative comments apparently rep- resented individual opinions. Many of the graduates added thoughtful sugges- tions on their cards. Eighty-four spoke of the de- sirability of having more personal attention from teachers, and more counselling generally. Fifty-four urged more emphasis on cultural courses, among whom 16 wanted more humanities; 9, more'general education"; 7, more English; 7, more social studies; 6, more "basic courses"; 4, more Speech; 3, more foreign languages; and z, more classics. Forty-eight recommended the addition of more "practical" courses which would include apprenticeship and field work phases. An additional 2- thought that there should be more courses in instrumentation and other technical subject matter, while 5 spoke of more science, and 3 of more mathematics. Thirty-one thought that there should be fewer large classes. Fourteen urged the appointment of more good teachers. Twelve called for higher standards of scholarship including higher graduation require- ments, while another dozen spoke of more emphasis on thinking instead of mere memorizing. Eleven urged changes in graduation requirements so as to permit more specialization, and 7 more, to permit more freedom in electing courses. Ten had felt a need for more social experience. Nine recognized a need for better placement service for graduates. Four urged better equipment for lab- oratories. Three wanted better testing techniques. The following points were mentioned by 2 persons each: courses in homemaking, more training in getting along with people, more emphasis on moral values, more selective admissions, general courses in law, better control of classroom dishonesty, extension of the college program to five years. Role of Communications DURING the regular six weeks Summer Session a special course, the Role of Communications in Human Relations, was offered by the faculty of the journalism, psychology, sociology, and speech departments. Nationally known authorities in various fields of com- munications lectured and took part in the discussions. There were five guest lecturers and five members of the University faculty, and Dr. Jack Matthews of the psychology department was moderator. Visiting lecturers were Dr. Wendell Johnson, State University of Iowa; Dr. Leo Lowenthal, Office of International Broadcasting, U.S. Department of State; Dr. Harold Guetzkow, Carnegie Institute of Technology; Dr. Robert Miller, American Institute of Research; and Dr. Frederick C. Frick, Human Resources Research Laboratories. The University professors were Robert X. Graham, English and journalism;John H. Rowland, sociology; Lawrence Lee, English; Buell Whitehill, speech; and Jack W. Birch, psychology.

Conference Groetzinger, Bender, Dr. M. E. Rose, Oak Ridge; Dr. Buechner, Oak Ridge; Butler, Smith Dr. Halliday, Physics, Pitt NUCLEAR PHYSICS CONFERENCE DAVID HALLIDAY Head, Department of Physics Piiysics in this country has been booming since the war; membership in the American Physical Society, for example, has more than doubled since 1946. Physics in Pittsburgh, incidentally, has grown even more rapidly; our city has risen now to the seventh place in membership. During this growing process the national meetings of the Society have lost slowly the relaxed and intimate atmosphere they had in the days before the atomic bomb. There is a growing tendency to supplement these crowded national meetings with small informal conferences on topics of special interest. On June , 6, and 7 the University was host to 135 invited guests from 38 different institutions at such a conference. The subject-medium energy nuclear physics-is the chief field of research at the Uni- versity's own Sarah Mellon Scaife Radiation Labora- tory. Medium energy nuclear physics includes the study of nuclear reactions in which the energies of the particles involved are no greater than, roughly, about 30 million electron volts. The researches of Dr. A. J. Allen, the director of the Laboratory, and of Drs. Bender, Page, and Stehle, assisted by many graduate students and by a capable staff of technical assistants, are focusing nationwide attention on the University in this field. The technical sessions were held in the air-condi- tioned auditorium at Mellon Institute, across the street from the headquarters' hotel. Perfect weather (and perhaps the steel strike) helped to dispel the still prevailing notion that Pittsburgh is a smoke city. Vice Chancellor Nutting opened the conference with some well-received remarks that set the keynote of informality and friendliness for the sessions. This had been aimed for in planning the conference by schedul- ing only a small number of speakers, by placing no time limits on them, and by choosing the discussion leaders carefully. Maria Mayer of the Argonne National Laboratory in Chicago was the discussion leader for the Thursday morning program which in- cluded papers by Gertrude Scharff-Goldhaber of the Brookhaven National Laboratory on "Excited States of Even-Even Nuclei" and by Robert Christy of Cali- fornia Institute of Technology on 'Selection Rules and Coupling Rules in Light Nuclear Reactions." As at all sessions, the discussion was spirited and pro- longed. Dr. Mayer is the principle contributor to a recent, extremely successful theory of nuclear struc- ture, the so-called shell model. Maurice Goldhaber of the Brookhaven National Laboratory was the discussion leader for the Thursday afternoon session which was addressed by M. E. Rose of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, whose topic was "Angular Correlation of Nuclear Radiations." Stuart Ridgway of Princeton University then spoke on "Angular Correlations in As76 and Sb124 and Associ- ated Beta Spectra." A half-hour recess for refresh- ments in the Mellon Institute Social Room provided a chance for further informal discussion of these and other papers. After the recess Stuart Butler spoke on "(d,p) and (d,n) Angular Distributions." Dr. Butler, an Australian physicist currently visiting Cornell University, is the author of a very significant recent theory for nuclear reactions involving deuterons (heavy hydrogen nuclei) as projectiles. Discussion of his paper was prolonged indeed, a hard core of en- thusiasts remaining until 7:30 P.M. On Friday morning, Dr. Butler served as discussion leader for a session devoted largely to the question of At the Nuclear Physics Smith,

experimental verification of his theory. Reports of experiments were given by Harold Fulbright of the University of Rochester, by H. T. Richards of the University of Wisconsin, and by H. E. Gove of Massa- chusetts Institute of Technology. All speakers re- ported positive verification. One sensed a growing feeling that Butler's theory will contribute solidly to future progress in nuclear physics. Gian-Carlo Wick of Carnegie Institute of Tech- nology served as discussion leader for the Friday after- noon session, which was devoted to studies of various nuclear models that have been proposed. David Inglis of the Argonne National Laboratory spoke on "De- partures from Nuclear Models in the p-Shell." Dr. Inglis was at one time a member of our own staff. Dr. de Shalit of Princeton followed, speaking on "Mag- netic Moments and the Shell Model." After coffee, Eugene P. Wigner, also of Princeton, discussed the subject "Application of the Shell Model to Light Nuclei." Dr. Wigner easily ranks as one of the half- dozen leading theoretical physicists of this day. His remarks formed the high spot of the conference. On Saturday morning Thomas Lauritsen of Cali- fornia Institute of Technology led the discussions for a session devoted to nuclear energy levels. William Buechner of Massachusetts Institute of Technology reported on the experimental program at that insti- tution after which Roger S. Bender discussed the Uni- versity of Pittsburgh program. Katherine Way of the National Bureau of Standards delivered the final paper on "Nuclear Binding Energies." After the close of the sessions the group journeyed by bus to Saxonburg, Pennsylvania for a picnic lunch on the grounds of the Carnegie Institute of Technology Nuclear Research Center. Many visitors took the opportunity to inspect the new 4o-mev synchro-cyclotron that has just come into operation there. Katherine WVay, Bureau of Standards, Dr. and Mrs. Maurice Goldhaber, Brookhaven National Laboratory Dr. Gerhardt Groetzinger, NACA Labs, Cleveland and Dr. Roger Bender, Pitt On Friday evening the group met at an informal banquet at the Webster Hall Hotel. Dr. Weidlein, who presided, took the opportunity to express the University's appreciation for important gifts made by local industries during the construction of the Uni- versity of Pittsburgh cyclotron. Dr. C. Hood, execu- tive vice president of U.S. Steel, acknowledged Dr. Weidlein's thanks for a gift of steel for the ioo-ton cyclotron magnet. The Westinghouse Corporation, represented at the banquet by its president Dr. Gwilym Price, donated electrical control equipment. The Aluminum Corporation of America, represented by President Roy Hunt, fabricated the large aluminum vacuum chamber. The Gulf Corporation donated special cooling oil and other petroleum products; the University's thanks were received by Dr. Paul Foote, vice president of the Corporation. Dr. Homer Hall represented the Scaife Foundation, which has made many generous grants to the Radiation Laboratory. Other University guests at the dinner included Mrs. Hood, Mrs. Price, Mrs. Hunt, Mrs. Foote, Mrs. Hall, Dean W. S. McEllroy and Dr. Lyle Hazlett, both of whom were charter members of the original cyclotron committee, Vice Chancellor and Mrs. Nutting, Dr. A. J. Allen, and Dr. and Mrs. D. Halliday. The dinner speaker, Dr. Lawrence Hafstad, was uniquely qualified for his task. As a physicist in the 305s, he was a pioneer in the medium energy nuclear

field. During the war he directed the development of the highly effective proximity fuse. At present, he is director of Reactor Development for the Atomic Energy Commission, a position that would seem to justify his informal title of 'Mr. Atomic Power." He spoke briefly on the status of atomic power, making the following points: (i) Nuclear reactors are inherently large and heavy and probably always will be. (2) Atomic power, while very expensive now, will certainly become much cheaper as the technology improves. (3) Power from coal will certainly become more expensive as the coal reserves are depleted. Atomic power may well become feasible economically within the lifetime of many of us. (4) Atomic power is probably already economically feasible for installations in submarines and ships, where the cost of power generation is very high relative to land installations. (5) Future advances in the field depend largely on further basic research in nuclear physics and solid. state physics. Since the conference has closed we have received many letters attesting to its effectiveness. One, from Dr. T. Lauritsen of the California Institute of Tech- nology, is typical. He said in part, "It was the con- sensus of the visitors that few, if any, conferences have been so pleasant and at the same time so very effective." The international science journal Nature has asked for a i5oo-word report of the proceedings. We are gratified to have had our first efforts in this direction so well received. The following institutions were represented at the conference: Argonne National Laboratory; U.S. Atomic Energy Commission; Atomic Energy Commis- sion of Canada; Blaw-Knox Construction Company; Brookhaven National Laboratory; California Institute of Technology; Carnegie Institute of Technology; Cor- nell University; General Electric Research Laborato- ries; Gulf Research Laboratory; Institute for Nuclear Studies; Johns Hopkins University; Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory; Louisiana State University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; National Ad- visory Committee for Aeronautics; National Bureau of Standards; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Office of Naval Research; Ohio State University; Princeton University; Stanford University; State University of Iowa; U.S. Army Signal Corps Engineering Labora- tories; University of Chicago; University of Iowa; University of Kentucky; University of Michigan; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pittsburgh; University of Rochester; University of Washington; University of Wisconsin; West Virginia University; Western Reserve University; Westinghouse Atomic Power Division; Westinghouse Research Laboratory; Yale University. Eleventh Annual Historical Tour THE 1952. historical tour, conducted by the Historical Society of Western Pennsylvania and the University Summer Sessions, visited Carlisle, Pa., July ig. Carlisle, in the earliest Colonial days when western Pennsylvania was the frontier of expansion west, was the gateway through which passed many traders, emigrants, and expeditions. George Croghan, Peter Chartiers, and Hugh Henry Brackenridge are names that belong to the early history of Carlisle and of Pittsburgh. Judge Brackenridge, the founder of the University, spent his last days in Carlisle and is buried there in the old graveyard. General John Forbes marched through Carlisle against Fort Duquesne, and the expedition of Colonel Henry Bouquet, which quelled the Pontiac uprising in 1763-64, was equipped in Carlisle. At luncheon in the Molly Pitcher Hotel were gathered 89-students, faculty, alumni of the Uni- versity, members of the Historical Society, and citizens of Carlisle. Dr. Herbert Wing, Jr., professor of history, Dickinson College, presided;James H. Hargis, burgess of Carlisle, welcomed the guests; Edward Crump, Jr., past president of the Historical Society, and Sylvester K. Stevens, State historian, responded; George I. Chadwick, secretary of the Carlisle chamber of com- merce, gave a very interesting historical address. By motorcade and on foot pilgrims of the tour visited historical spots and listened to informative speeches. In the public square Mrs. Lenore E. Flower, Daughter of the American Revolution, pointed out historic buildings and described frontier events; at Carlisle barracks Lieutenant Carl K. Russell related the military history of Carlisle; and at the old grave- yard a talk was given by Mr. Merkel Landis. Tea was served by the ladies of the Cumberland CountyHistoricalSociety on the porch of theDickinson library, and Mr. Charles C. Sellers answered questions about the college, its history, and its collections. In the evening, at dinner in Allenberry Inn, Boiling Springs, Pa., Dr. Gilbert Malcolm, vice president of Dickinson, greeted the 95 guests, and Dr. Whitfield J. Bell, Jr., professor of American history at Dickinson, talked on "Carlisle as a Gateway to the West." After dinner several who were staying the night in Allenberry lodge attended the summer theatre pro- duction, "The Heiress." Sunday morning, after a pleasant ramble through the historic grounds of the old mill, made familiar to the University people through alumnus Hervey Allen's novels, the travelers returned home to Pitts- burgh, agreeing that they had taken part in one of the best of the annual historical tours. The tour was planned and conducted by Mr. Viers Adams and Mr. Carroll Reynolds and Mr. Philip Lantz.

THE TWENTY-FIFTH ANNIVERSARY JOHNSTOWN CENTER F. W. SHOCKLEY Director, University Extension Division THE charter junior college class of the Johnstown Center of the University observed its twenty-fifth anniversary on May 3 with a dinner and program at the Sunnehanna Country Club. One hundred sixty-six high school graduates entered the charter class as University of Pittsburgh freshmen at the Johnstown Center during the year, 1927-2.8. More than eighty, including wives and husbands, attended this first reunion of their class. The anniversary brochure was dedicated to Dean of The College, Stanton C. Crawford, who was the first head of the Center. Besides Dr. Crawford, three members of the first faculty: Dr. Ford E. Curtis, Dr. Wilmer E. Baldwin, and Mr. John R. Lovell were present. Three members of the charter class, Dr. Catherine E. Reiser, Miss Mary C. Elliott, and Mr. L. Roy Brant are present members of the faculty at Johns- town. Dr. Viers W. Adams, former head of the Center; Dr. C. A. Anderson, the present director; and Dr. F. W. Shockley, director of the University's Extension Divison, also attended. The first class were pioneers in an important educa- tional adventure, a joint enterprise of the Johnstown Public Schools and the University. The continued success of the Center during the quarter century is evidence that they planned well. The anniversary occasion was a genuine reunion. The years had not lessened their interest in each other; all were eager to know just what each classmate had been doing since graduation. There were no formal speeches. Alvyne C. Stiner and William H. Heslop teamed as toastmasters and the success story was developed out of the roll call when each former student stated his or her present employ- ment. Space does not permit here a complete tabulation. The two alumni ministers were present; one gave the invocation, the other the benediction. Business and industry were represented by vice presidents, superin- tendents, and general managers. Many owned or were partners in businesses and industries. There were housewives, doctors, lawyers, pharmacists, public school teachers and administrators, college teachers, engineers, insurance officials, bankers, a newspaper editor, state and federal employees, men engaged in research, a social worker, an artist, and others. The nine members of the class and the one faculty member who are deceased were remembered in the program. That the Center has helped to train leaders for the Johnstown area is shown by the fact that more than one-third of the charter class have remained in the community and are active in its affairs. The others are living in other Pennsylvania communities and in fourteen other states. The members of the charter class of the Johnstown Center have brought credit to their community and, in so doing, have honored the University of Pittsburgh. Twenty-fifth Anniversary Dinner of the Charter Class, Johnstown Center, at the Sunnehanna Country Club, May 3

L. to R.: A. S. Adams, H. B. Higgins, Leon Falk, Jr., Eli Lilly, Roy McKenna, Gwilym Price, the Chancellor JUNE COMMENCEMENT, 1952 So that we may approach with quiet confidence the many and great problems this country faces today, so that we may be able to find ways of dealing with them, there is one sense above all others which we all must cultivate-the critical sense. This was the warning sounded by Dr. Arthur S. Adams at the University's spring commencement exercises held Wednesday morning, June ii, on the Cathedral of Learning lawn. Dr. Adams, president of the American Council on Education, spoke to the I,922 graduates, their parents, wives, children, and friends. In his address titled "The Critical Sense" Dr. Adams spoke of the sense William James referred to in his paragraph on true education when he said, "What the colleges should at least try to give us is a general sense of what under various disguises superiority has always signified and may still signify, the feeling for a good human job anywhere, the admiration of the really ad- mirable, the disesteem of what is cheap and trashy and impermanent-this is what we call the critical sense, the sense for ideal values. It is the better part of what men know as wisdom." Dr. Adams was one of six distinguished men recognized when the University conferred honorary degrees of Doctor of Laws. Three of these degrees were conferred on members of the University's Board of Trustees-Leon Falk, Jr., chairman of the Board of Falk and Company; Henry B. Higgins, president of the Pittsburgh Plate Glass Company; and Roy McKenna, president of the Colonial Steel Company. Honorary degrees also were conferred on Gwilym A. Price, president of Westinghouse Electric Corpo- ration, and on Eli Lilly, chairman of the Board of Eli Lilly Company, Indianapolis, Indiana. In his address Dr. Adams told the graduates that the cultivation of the critical sense will continue to have top significance in the days ahead. "The development of personal maturity of judge- ment," he said, "through active participation in the affairs of the group or community of which one is a member, adds importantly to the value of the ex- clusively academic experience. The plain fact is that as we move from one situation to another of greater responsibility we are increasingly faced with the necessity of developing this critical sense, this in- stinctive feeling for what is superior." "In these days there are many prophets of gloom," Dr. Adams warned, "who argue that mankind has made a terrible mess of the world and that there isn't much left to be done about it. I do not agree at all with their views." "I truly believe," he said, "that the development of the critical sense in mankind has increased and is increasing amazingly. " However, he added, "We need to do more in recognizing the importance of this sense and in strengthening it." During the commencement exercises degrees were conferred by Chancellor R. H. Fitzgerald. Following the conferring of degrees 2.9 first lieutenants com- missions and 12.8 second lieutenants were presented by Col. Holland L. Robb, director of military science and tactics, to candidates both undergraduate and gradu- ate who had completed the Reserve Officers Training program at the University. Twenty-two students were graduated summa cum laude, 52. magna cum laude, and 12-1 cum laude. Twenty- seven students were recognized as distinguished military graduates. The University Concert Band, under the direction of Robert L. Arthur, and Pittsburgh soloist, Robert C. Topping participated in the musical part of the com- mencement. Dr. Frederick Bruce Speakman, minister, Third Presbyterian Church, offered the invocation and pronounced the benediction. JANE STIAW

Mrs. Gallagher, Mr. Charles A. Locke, Miss Josephine Gallagher, Mr. Gallagher Commencement Awards AT special ceremonies held commencement afternoon in the Chancellor's Office The Emma W. Locke Memorial Award and the J. K. and Gertrude Miller Prize were presented. Josephine E. Gallagher, highest honor graduate, School of Education, senior queen, received the Emma V. Locke Memorial Award for high scholarship, character, and devotion to the ideals of the University. This award of one hundred dollars and a scroll is given annually to a graduating senior by Charles A. Locke, in memory of his mother. Mr. Locke spoke of the former awardees: Miriam Florence Drumm, '46, Ed.;James B. Ludwig, '47, Col.; William James Venus, 48, Col.; Elizabeth K. Hall, 49, Col.; William F. Swanson, Jr., '50, Col.; James David Morton, '5i, Bus. Ad.; and Miss Gallagher as "his sons and daughters." The J. K. and Gertrude Miller Prize, given for the first time this June, was awarded John Spanos, honor graduate of The College. This prize, a cash award of $75 .00 from a endowment fund given by the late Pro- fessor John K. Miller, is given to a student who has shown special ability in English. Both awards were presented by the Chancellor. Atlantic Monthly Awards UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH writing students took seven of the top awards in this year's Atlantic Monthly short story and essay contests. College junior, Louis Bosco, won second place with his short story, "The Cousins. " Mr. Bosco's story was excelled by only one other from among the 3 80 papers submitted from 8z colleges. Bosco also placed in the field of poetry, a "top paper," "Big Wheel Ulysses." Ann Burzynski, also a junior in The College, placed third in the story contest, directly after Bosco, with her short story, 'Flowers of the Field.' Both stories were reprinted with other winning papers in a book- let published by the Atlantic this summer. Highest among Pitt's winning entries in the field of the essay was "leritage" by Mrs. Irene K. Davis, special writing student, who received third honorable mention for her study of an immigrant family. Hiroo Mukai, Japanese graduate student, placed among the top 2o essay contestants with "And Yet the Twain Shall Meet," a contrast of Japanese and American ways of life. Mr. Mukai submitted another essay, which was chosen as one of Zi "merit papers." Three other Pitt students won "merit" status Jackson Cohen, Suzanne Delphey, and Lynn Noah, who received "merit" on two essays. Another writing major, Harry Neubauer, a College senior, won "top paper" recognition with his short story, "Bourbon at Black Moshannon." "Top paper" status is given to the 2o best stories submitted. John Spanos, College honor graduate, first winner of thef. K. and Gertrude Miller PriZe for ''special ability in English.'' Dr. Leland Dewitt Baldwin, department of history, is exchange professor for one year at University of Leeds, in England, under a Fulbright grant. Richard R. Smith has published recently Dr. Baldwin's two volumes, The Stream of American History. CliffordJ. Berschneider, alumnus, will study history under a Fulbright grant, at the University of Turin.

Summa Gum Laude, I.95.2 John V. Reihing, Jr. (Eng.); Josephine Gallagher (Ed.); Arlene Levinson (Ed.); Shirley Lightfoot (Col.); Patricia Clohessy (Col.); Eleanor Mettus (Bus. Ad.); David Spillaine (Ed.) GRADUATION AWARDS Mary Linkowski, Sigma Theta Tau Scholarship (Nursing) John V. Reihing (Elec. Eng.) highest award. L. to R. Professor Botset, Dean Fitterer, Reihing, Professor Gorham Lester A. Yeancy (Eng. Jr.) Ben J. Lubic Memorial Good CitiZen Award

FORT McINTOSH EDWIN V. PUGH Buhl Program of Research and Writing, Cultural History of Western Pennsylvania A stone marker at the foot of Market Street in Beaver, Pennsylvania, commemorates Fort McIntosh, the first United States fort built in Indian territory west of the Ohio River. Action in the Revolutionary War, for the most part, was confined to the eastern seaboard; yet the English in possession of Detroit were an ever present threat to the western frontier. Brigadier General McIntosh, appointed commander of the western department of the Continental Army on May 3, 1778, was committed to offensive action against the English at Detroit and against the western Indian tribes in alliance with them, and the building of this fort in Indian territory, since there is no mention of it in correspondence concerning McIntosh's appoint- ment, must have been an outgrowth of a conference between the Delawares and the United States at Fort Pitt in September, 1778. When the war of the Revolution broke out the frontier forts at Pittsburgh and at Wheeling were under Virginia authority. Late in 1776 the Continental Congress informed Governor Patrick Henry of Virginia that the United States was prepared to take possession of them, to establish a Continental command and to partially garrison them with Continental troops. Colonel Edward Hand was named commander for the western department, June I, 1777, and McIntosh succeeded Hand in this command. From the beginning both the English and the Americans recognized the value of the Indians as allies. Sir Guy Johnson, the English Indian agent at Niagara, had been partially successful in engaging the Iroquois in the English interest. The Senecas and the Cayugas took up the war hatchet against the northern frontier. Throughout the Revolution these Indians har- rassed the settlers in the Susquehanna Valley, and in alliance with hostile western tribes they carried the war to almost every settlement in Western Pennsylvania. In the West Governor Henry Hamilton in command at Detroit was most successful in his campaign to gain Indian allies for the English. Only those Delawares who lived on the west or northern side of the Ohio remained firm in the American interest. Unfortunately the settlers believed that the only good Indian was the dead Indian; also, the western tribes considered the Delawares their enemies. Therefore, the group of Delawares living in the Tuscarawas and Muskingum valleys was faced from the west with hostility and from the east, with suspicion, at least. According to a report on Indian affairs from Fort Pitt dated Septem- ber 2.5, 1776, Captain White Eyes sought protection for his tribe by asking the Americans "to build a strong fort" in the Delaware Indian country west of the Ohio River. By the spring of 1778 reports from the frontier con- vinced George Washington, commander-in-chief, that the enemy Indians were planning attacks on both the northern and western frontiers. McIntosh, well acquainted with the mode of Indian warfare, was named commandant of the Western Department for the express purpose of carrying the war to the enemy. Since there was no commander named at the time for the Northern Department, Colonel Daniel Brodhead with his Eighth Pennsylvania Regiment directed to serve under McIntosh in the western campaign, ex- ecuted a successful foray against the Indians in the Susquehanna Valley, even before they had marched to Fort Pitt. Meanwhile, the Americans, too, were busy in the business of Indian diplomacy. On April io, 1776, Colonel George Morgan who had been actively en- gaged in the western Indian trade was appointed Indian Agent in headquarters at Fort Pitt. Morgan known to his friends, the Delawares, as Tamanend, was responsible for the continued fidelity of that tribe. However, as the war progressed and Indian attacks upon the frontier settlements increased, it be- came extremely difficult for Colonel Morgan to keep the Delawares true to the American cause. As a result of Colonel Morgan's reports to the Continental Con- gress, that body resolved "that three commissioners be appointed for the purpose of holding a treaty with the Delawares, Shawanese and other Indians, who may assemble at Fort-Pitt, on the 23d of July next." Only the Delawares came. Over 400 were already at Fort Pitt when General McIntosh arrived later in August. Colonel George Morgan had held preliminary con- ferences with them. By his commitments and the articles of agreement signed by the Army officers at Fort Pitt and Captains White Eyes, Pipe, and Killbuck, chiefs of the Delawares, General McIntosh received his greatest asset for the western campaign-Delaware co-operation. By agreement the United States accepted the boundaries of Delaware territory as outlined by the Delaware chiefs. The Delawares promised the Americans "free passage" for any armies they wished to send against the western Indians and against the English at Detroit; also, they pledged Indian warriors for enlistment in the army. In return the commissioners "agreed on the part of the United States that a Fort of sufficient strength & capacity be built at the expence of the said States with such assistance as it may be in the power of the said Delaware Nation to give, in the

most convenient place & advantageous situation as shall be agreed on by the Commanding officer." Fort McIntosh was the stepping stone for Fort Laurens, the fort built in the Delaware country. McIntosh with a force of about I,5oo men went down the Ohio early in October. By November 5 arrangements had been completed for building Fort McIntosh. Louis Antoine Jean Baptiste, chevalier de Cambray-Digny, a French officer, engineered the con- struction of both forts. Chevalier de Cambray-Digny, who at the instance of Washington and Lafayette had been appointed lieutenant-colonel of engineers, was annexed to McIntosh's army for the western expedi- tion. When McIntosh with a force of about i,ooo men marched west into Delaware territory, he left Colonel Richard Campbell, whom he charged "to get the Fort Finished as soon as possible you can, the Gates are to be hung and secured, the under pinning finished, and the Bastions put in a proper State of defence in the first place, with the Tower in the front-the Barracks may be finished the last. " Colonel Daniel Brodhead, also at Fort McIntosh, issued an order October 8, 1778, for his Pennsylvanians. He forbade them even to mark any of the trees, lest they give offense to the friendly Delawares. By December 2. McIntosh reported to headquarters that he had completed "a good strong Fort for the Reception & Security of Prisoners & stores, upon the Indian side of Ohio below Beaver Creek, with Barracks for a Regiment." He built Fort Laurens, but his campaign against the Sandusky Indian towns ended in complete failure. McIntosh, a man of action, asked to be relieved of his command in April, 1779, and was succeeded by Daniel Brodhead who had served under him. Jealousy and dissatis- faction had grown between the men. InJuly Brodhead, who previously had been committed to defensive action, was granted permission to attack the Seneca towns on the northern reaches of the Allegheny. Upon assuming top command in the Western De- partment, Brodhead criticized McIntosh severely. He informed President Reed he believed that "had my Predecessor taken the necessary steps, we might have now been ready to check the Caitiffs who keep the Inhabitants in one continual alarm." To General John Armstrong, Brodhead wrote of McIntosh as follows: "but Gen'l McIntosh was more ambitious. He swore that nothing less than Detroit was his ob- ject, & he would have it in the winter season-in vain was the nakedness of the men-the scanty supplies worn out-Starved horses-leanness of the cattle and total want of forage. And it was owing to the General's determination to take Detroit, that the very well managed Building, called Fort McIntosh, was built by the hands of hundreds who would rather have fought than wrought." To Nathaniel Greene, Brodhead wrote: "McIntosh's Hobby Horse at Beaver Creek occasioned a delay of military operations and useless consumption of stores." However, criticism of McIntosh was not all destructive. None other than Washington, himself, came to his defense in the re- mark: "the establishing of posts of communication which McIntosh has done for the security of his con- voys & the Army is a proceeding grounded on military practice and experience." After Daniel Brodhead assumed command he ordered the troops and stores at the old blockhouse brought over to the fort and blockhouse on the western side of the Ohio. This order to Captain Clark evidences the fact that there was a blockhouse on the eastern side of the Ohio, probably built before Fort McIntosh. Directly opposite the fort and in the location of this blockhouse there is a sharp defile, noticeable even to- day. This road was known, and parts are still known, as Brodhead's Road. General Brodhead and his Eighth Pennsylvanians may have been the advance guard for McIntosh's advance to the site where the fort was built. The best description of the fort is from Arthur Lee, United States commissioner at the treaty held at Fort Mcintosh in 1785. He wrote that the fort was located on a "beautiful plain extending about two miles along the river and one back to the hills, surrounded on the east by Beaver creek; and on the west by a small run." Of the fort, itself, Lee recorded it was ''built of well hewed logs with four bastions, its figure is an irregular square, the face to the river being longer than the side to the land. It is about equal to a square of fifty yards, is well built and strong against musketry; but the opposite side of the river commands it entirely, and a single piece of artillery from thence would re- duce it." The blockhouse, not mentioned by Mr. Lee, was built below the fort at the water's edge. Since Brodhead was unable to recruit sufficient volunteers for his Allegheny River campaign, he withdrew all but 40 men from the garrison at Fort McIntosh. He also ordered all the boats excepting the flat boats to be sent from Fort McIntosh to Fort Pitt. At this time Brodhead was more concerned with white squatters on Indian land than he was with Indian incursions or Indian attacks against it. On October ii, 1779, in reply to Clark's complaint about squatters on the Indian side of the river, he ordered Clark to pro- ceed against them in the following manner: "proceed to Wheeling by water & with greatest secresy cross the River from that post & proceed up the River on the Indian side in search of those violaters of the laws of the lands of nations you are to destroy every hut or cabbin that may have been erected by them & if pos- sible take them prisoners and march them to Fort McIntosh for tryal when you are to deliver them to the commanding officer of the post to be kept in-close confinement until they can be tried for the offence." The swell of Indian aggression began in 1779. By 1780 the swell had broken in waves over the frontier.

16 Captain White Eyes, probably the best friend the Americans had at the time, died or was killed shortly beforejanuary 5, 1779, for on that day Colonel George Morgan gave condolence presents to his relatives at Fort Pitt. The attacks on Fort Laurens would not have been possible had Captain White Eyes been living. Although only four Delawares took part in each of two attacks, it was the first break in Delaware solidarity in their friendship for the Americans. Colonel George MLorgan, who reports this break, also recorded that "it is well known the Delawares saved Fort Laurens." He added that the Delawares pre- vailed on some i8o Indians in the first attack and So in the second to turn back in their attack on the Americans. English presents, Americans' failure against Sandusky, Captain White Eyes' death, lack of presents and trade goods for the Indians on the frontier, all contributed toward this tidal wave that swept the frontier from 1780 to 1782.. Brodhead in an effort to save the remnant of the Delawares true to the Americans proposed their removal east to the Big Beaver. He also invited the Moravian missionaries who were living among them to migrate east with them. During these years Fort McIntosh, for the most part, was a rendezvous or station for militia or Con- tinental troops employed to scout the frontier settle- ments. So great was the danger late in 1780 that Daniel Brodhead ordered the commandant at McIntosh I not to suffer more than three Indian men to enter the Fort at one time with arms of any kind, & when their effects are lodged at the Fort Gates, the centry there is to have them in charge until they are taken away by the owners." He also ordered the front gate to be locked at "beating retreat & the sally port gate at tatoo or earlier." When there was no appearance of Indians lurking near by, Clark, the commandant, was given permission to "send out two hunters who may have the benefit of the Skins they get, but the meat is to be delivered to the Comm.y to be issued to the garrison." Brodhead, beset with Tory activity at Fort Pitt, ordered Clark 'to hail all parties in craft going down the river & not suffer them to proceed without a passport." When General William Irvine replaced Brodhead, November, 1781, as commander-in-chief on the frontier, he made a careful survey of the entire situ- ation. He found the principal stock of "ammunition & flints" at Fort McIntosh. According to Irvine the fort was not strategically located. In April five men ".who were woodcutting & carelessly laid down their arms to load the wagon" were killed by Indian raiders at McIntosh. Irvine, in his recommendation for re- organization of the Western Department, advised the abandonment of both Fort Pitt and McIntosh and recommended that a new fortification be built at the mouth of Chartiers Creek, present McKees Rocks. Undoubtedly, Irvine was unaware that it was none other than George Washington, himself, who in 1754 recommended the Fort Pitt site in preference to the fort site chosen by Virginia at the mouth of Chartiers Creek. Fort McIntosh was believed by Irvine to be too vulnerable to attack from Detroit. Major General Benjamin Lincoln looked favorably upon Irvine's proposal to abandon McIntosh as a military Fost but wished to retain it, 'should circumstances render it necessary to re-occupy the post. " Peace in 1783 brought quiet to the frontier. Although Stephen Bayard, in command at McIntosh, reported that he had seen IInot an Indian nor sign" for a long time; yet an officer and io men were still stationed there in July, "merely to take care of the works." The commissioners running the Pennsylvania- Virginia line were at Fort McIntosh November ig, 1782.. At this time it was believed that the fort, itself, lay at the extreme southwestern point of Pennsyl- vania. The survey showed, however, that the line fell just west of the mouth of the Little Beaver, several miles down stream. Fort McIntosh was found to be in Pennsylvania. An act of the Pennsylvania Legislature, March 13, 1783, authorized "the use of the State of 3,000 acres on both sides of the mouth of Big Beaver Creek, including Fort McIntosh." The final disposition of the post was dependent upon the establishment of peace. General Irvine pro- posed that caretakers be allowed to guard the fort in the event that it might yet be needed. This proposi- tion was accepted. On September 2.3, 1783, William Lee and John McClure were directed "to take im- mediate charge of the fort, buildings and public property now remaining at the post of McIntosh for and in behalf of the state of Pennsylvania (except two pieces of iron cannon and some water casks, the property of the United States) and three thousand acres of land reserved for the use of said state.' Additional instructions were as follows: "When the tract is surveyed you will attend and make yourselves acquainted with the lines; in the meantime you will consider it extending two miles up and down the river, and two miles back. ... In case of necessity for re-occupying the post for the United States, you are to give up the fort to orders of the commanding continental officer at this place, retaining only such part of the buildings as may be necessary for you to live in." For their services the two gentlemen were permitted to "put in grain and labor any quantity of ground not exceeding one hundred acres, and keep or raise stock to the number of fifty head of horned cattle and eight horses." The fort was needed again by the United States. The United States and Pennsylvania commissioners met the Western Indians there in 1785, to confirm the Treaty of Fort Schuyler, 1784. The advance guard arrived at McIntosh, December 5, 1784, and found the "fort in very bad order." "Considerable repairs" were

necessary before the troops could 'have comfortable winter quarters.'' During the conferences Colonel Josiah Harmar, in writing to Pennsylvania's President Dickinson, reported the theft of fort material by the "emigrants to Kentucky" as follows: "Previous to our arrival here they had destroyed the gates, drawn all the nails from the roofs, taken off all the boards, and plundered ii [sic] of every article. I would therefore recommend (for the benefit of the State) to your Excellency and Honorable Council to adopt some mode for its preservation, otherwise immediately upon leaving it, it will again go to ruin." Begun by William Penn, continued through the regimes of succeeding descendants, Pennsylvania, the common- wealth, had, by this Treaty of 1785, completed her purchase of Pennsylvania from the Indians. According to Major Isaac Craig, commander at Fort Fayette (Pittsburgh), there was "not a building of any kind on that Ground (Fort McIntosh) nor within 3 miles of it" (793). Daniel Agnew wrote that in 182-9 "the only remains visible were the mounds, indicating where the corner bastions stood" near the top of the hill overlooking the river. Fort McIntosh and her garrisons served their country well. New Law Dean BRAINERD CURRIE, formerly professor of law at the University of California, has been appointed professor of law and dean of the School of Law at the University of Pittsburgh. Professor Currie is an important figure in the field of legal education and a past editor of the journal, Law and Contemporary Problems, published by Duke University. He was the first editor of the Journal of Legal Education, published by the Association of American Law Schools. He has been a member of the faculty of the University of California School of Law since 1949. Professor Currie, a native of Georgia, attended Mercer University and from that institution holds the Bachelor of Arts and the Bachelor of Laws degrees. After graduate study at Columbia University he won the Master of Laws degree and will receive the degree, Doctor of Juridical Science. In his teaching career he has been associated with schools of law at Mercer University, Duke University, Wake Forest, and the University of Georgia, and is the author of numerous articles appearing in legal publications. During World War II he held the post of associate general counselor of the Economic Stabilization Agency. Professor Currie will succeed the present acting dean Judson A. Crane and Dr. Charles B. Nutting, who was dean of the School of Law from August, Dean Brainerd Currie, School of Law 1949 through January, 195z, following Dean Crane's temporary retirement. Dr. Nutting was named vice chancellor of the University last January. Dr. Crane will continue as professor of law and dean emeritus. Dr. Asher Isaacs, professor of economics, studied for six weeks at Case Institute of Technology this summer, under a grant awarded him by Republic Steel Corpo- ration. William R. Bond, who graduated from the Uni- versity of Pittsburgh in 1935 with a B.S. in metal- lurgical engineering, was named 'Man of the Month" in the June issue of East Texas, the official publication of the East Texas Chamber of Commerce. Bond, who was recently made vice president, oper- ations, of the Lone Star Steel Company, jointly re- ceived the Johnson Award, an "Oscar" given an- nually to the young man under 40 years of age whose contributions to blast furnace operation and tech- nology are said to be the most outstanding in the nation, and "honorary citizenship" as a Texan. While at Pitt he starred as a basketball player, and following graduation, worked for Crucible Steel.

WORK SIMPLIFICATION CONFERENCE FOR NURSING LAVONNE M. FREY Chairman, Department of Psychiatric Nursing REPRESENTATIVES of the Medical Center of the Uni- versity attended a Work Simplification Conference for Nursing from July 13 to 2., 1952, held on the campus of the University of Connecticut, at Storrs, Connecticut. This conference, the first of its kind, was sponsored jointly by the University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing and the University of Connecticut School of Business Administration. Five schools of the University were represented: Business Administration, Engineering, Nursing, Phar- macy, and the Graduate School of Public Health. Also in attendance were staff members from various depart- ments of the Medical Center hospitals, including Children's, Eye and Ear, Magee, Presbyterian, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, and Woman's. Other local hospitals associated with the University School of Nursing were Montefiore, Shadyside, and Veterans Administration. Wayne University School of Nursing, the United States Public Health Service, and the Office of the Surgeon General (U.S.A.F.) also sent participants. By combining lectures, laboratory, discussion periods, and field trips, hospital and nursing service personnel were introduced to principles of work simplification. Techniques of motion and time study were tested during two field trips to the Hartford Hospital. The techniques of motion study were tried and evaluated in relation to their usefulness in the hospital field by studying some of the repetitive jobs such as folding linen in the laundry, wrapping supplies in the central supply room, bed making, pouring Representatives of the University's Medical Center at the Work Simplification Conference for Nursing, University of Connecticut (412~ ; g lc51 ~~-:r " ld~ ~-% b: a b~l ii ~ t~-~ Ir Ar

medicines, preparing trays in the diet kitchen. It be- came apparent to the group that the principles intro- duced were readily applicable in many areas of the hospital. In nursing service the simplification of some of the repetitive procedures as mentioned, such as making beds, pouring medicines, and many others, offer opportunities for better work organization, re- duction of unnecessary movement, conservation of the energy of the worker, thus releasing time to provide other essential nursing care. Although qualitative analyses in the simplification of jobs were given con- siderable attention, techniques of time study were used to make a quantitative approach to repetitive work. For nonrepetitive work the method of ratio-delay studies was felt to be especially pertinent to the hospital field in obtaining a record of the time spent during the day in different tasks and a record of who performed the particular tasks. This record was found useful for the problems of staffing various depart- ments of the hospital and the types of personnel needed. Interdepartmental relationships received attention both in lecture and discussion groups during the study of principles of organization. Scientific management, selection, placement, job analysis, job evaluation, hospital layout and planning, and hospital staffing were among the topics emphasized in this area. Dr. Lillian Gilbreth, of Gilbreth Inc., well-known teacher and consultant in the engineering field, was present for two days. A highlight of the two weeks was Dr. Gilbreth's address at a dinner meeting on July 24. Drawing analogies from industry to nursing, Alumni Homecoming, 1952 THE UNIVERsITY's annual all-alumni spring home- coming was Saturday, June 7th, through Wednesday, June iith. Highlight of the five-day program was the Smorgasbord, the annual dinner featuring a variety of food prepared by the University Food Service under Miss Ruth Cramblet and Miss Savina Skewis. Edward C. Neid, president of the Association;John Harper, general chairman of the 1952- homecoming; and Walter J. Rome, a co-chairman of the annual alumni giving fund, greeted 2,000 alumni attending the dinner. Louis Johnston, associate professor of political science and alumnus, served ably as the chair- man of the smorgasbord. So well laid were the plans that the whole affair, threatened by rain, was quickly moved indoors. The Commons Room was a gathering place for alumni and guests and the smorgasbord was served in the cafeteria and in the gymnasium. Other events included were the coronation ceremony she stressed the conservation of human resources and explored the possibilities of increasing "happiness moments." Mrs. Ruth P. Kuehn, dean of the School of Nursing, whose ideas spearheaded the conference, was on the planning committee for this conference. Other members were Louis Hough from the School of Business Ad- ministration, Walter Turkes, head of the depart- ment of engineering, and Frances George of the School of Nursing. A. D. Joseph Emerzian, from the department of industrial administration of the Uni- versity of Connecticut, was a member of the com- mittee. Harold E. Smalley, supervisor of the Motion and Time Study Laboratory, was co-ordinator of the program. Although the schedule for the Workshop was a busy one, beach parties, swimming, summer theatre, and other recreational opportunities filled any spare moments. Among the conclusions reached at the conference were that consultation services between nursing and engineering be activated, particularly in relation to program and in the simplification of procedures; that more co-ordinated planning between Medical Center hospitals be instituted, with wider use of local hospitals for demonstration and observation; and that there be intensive work in operating room manage- ment because of the critical shortage of nurses pre- pared to work in this essential area. Plans have been made for meetings of the local representatives to carry forward the work of this Connecticut Conference. for the senior queen, Josephine Gallagher, on June ioth in the Commons Room, and the commencement exercises on the campus June iith at ten o'clock. All University buildings were open for visitors and tours were conducted through the Nationality Classrooms. Old Campus Wagon tours of the upper campus were a special feature this year. Luncheons and dinners, planned by many of the Schools and organizations included the nursing alumni dinner, the Heinz Chapel Choir tea for alumni, the Fifty Year Club luncheon, Pharmacy, Law, Social Work, College, Medicine, Dentistry, Business Administration, Graduate, Education, Engineering and Mines dinners and luncheons. ALUMNI GIFT At the annual alumni smorgasbord the alumni presented Chancellor Fitzgerald with a check for $67,501.72. J. Clyde Barton, alumni secretary, who presented the check for the alumni, said that it sur- passed any previous total by more than $25,000.00. 6 -- C

REORGANIZATION OF THE DEPARTMENT of psychology in the past twenty- five years has developed substantially its research, going forward in many fields of psychology, education, business, medicine, speech, and psychiatry. Further- more, the lecture series conducted under the sponsor- ship of the department presenting the work and the ideas of leaders in all branches of psychology, in- dustrial, social, medical, and the like, has won national interest by reason of the annual publication of them by the University of Pittsburgh Press. This year comes a reorganization of the department to make the teaching and the research even more effective than in the past. Effective with the beginning of the school year 1952-53, Dr. Robert A. Patton, associated with the staff for more than ten years, has been appointed professor of psychology and chairman of the depart- ment. In the past five years as associate professor he has been a member of the research staff of the Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic in the University's Medical Center. He will continue his relationships with that organization in a consulting capacity. Dr. Patton is a graduate of Geneva College and he received the M.A. and Ph.D. degrees from the University of Pittsburgh. Hie held a William-Waterman Research Corporation fellowship at the University from 1940 to 1942, an(i was a senior research fellow from 1942 to 1944. His research in neuropsychology in the Medical Center began in 1945. Dr. jack Matthews has been made director of the Division of Psychological Services. He received the A.B. degree at Heidelberg College and the M.A. and the Ph.D. froin Ohio State University. He was assistant director of the Speech and Hearing Clinic at Purdue University before coming here as assistant professor in 1947. He became an associate professor in -95o. Dr. Matthews has done psychological research for the Army Air Forces and is a recognized leader in the application of psychological principles to the solution of problems in the field of speech and hearing therapy. The appointments of Drs. Patton and Matthews fol- low the retirement from the staff of Dr. Carroll Whit- mer, who was head of the Division of Psychological Services, and who has been serving recently as acting head of the department. Dr. Whitmer has accepted a position as head psychologist of a new Veterans Administration hospital at Salt Lake City. Dr. A. David Lazovik has been made associate director of the Division of Psychological Services, with the rank of associate professor. He attended the University of Michigan and earned the B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. degrees at the University of Pittsburgh. His original appointment here was as a junior research PSYCHOLOGY STAFF fellow under a Buhl Foundation grant. He has been an assistant Frofessor since 1947. He has been giving much of his time to clinical work on the campus and to special assignments with the Child Guidance Center and the Falk Elementary School. Dr. Howard L. Beams has been appointed assistant professor of psychology. He received the A.B. degree from Hartwick College; the M.A. from Columbia University; and the Ph.D. from Syracuse. He has taught at Bethany College and at Syracuse. Dr. Lloyd E. Homme has also been appointed assistant professor of psychology. He attended the University of Minnesota and received the B.A. degree from Southern Methodist University. He also received the M.A. degree from Southern Methodist and the Ph.D. from Indiana University and taught at both these institutions. Dr. George H. Shames, formerly a clinical super- visor and instructor, has been promoted to the rank of assistant professor. He holds the B.S. and Ph.D. degrees from the University of Pittsburgh. Part of his time will be given to the work in speech. Mr. Robert A. Schaef has been promoted to the rank of instructor. He attended the Riverside junior College and Leland Stanford University, where he Dr. Robert A. Patton, chairman, department of psychology

received his degrees. He has varied experiences in counseling and other personnel assignments with industrial and business firms. Other staff members who are receiving new assign- ments under the reorganization plan include Dr. George Fahey, assoc. professor, Dr. Albert W. Bendig, assist. professor, and Dr. John Magill, instructor. Appointments in Physics FIVE ADDITIONS have been made to the major staffs of the physics department and Radiation Laboratory. The new staff members are: I. Dr. Edward Gerjuoy, associate professor of physics. Dr. Gerjuoy, a student of Robert Oppen- heimer's, received the Ph.D. degree at the University of California in 1942. During the war years he was active in the Underwater Sound Program and eventu- ally became assistant director of the Sonar Analysis Group. He has served as associate professor of physics at the University of Southern California, and most recently, as visiting associate professor of physics at New York University. Dr. Gerjuoy is a theoretical physicist with interests in many branches of physics. 2. Dr. Jan Yntema, assistant professor of physics, received the Doctor's degree at the University of Amsterdam in 1948. Since that time he has been a post doctoral fellow at the National Research Council of Ottawa, Canada, and a research associate at Princeton University. Dr. Yntema, whose major field of interest is nuclear physics, plans to carry on his researches in the Sarah Mellon Scaife Radiation Laboratory. 3. Dr.James McGruer, assistant professor of physics. Dr. McGruer received the Ph.D. degree from the Uni- versity of Wisconsin in June of this year. During the war years he was engaged in radio tube development at the RCA Laboratory in Lancaster, Pennsylvania. Dr. McGruer, also a nuclear physicist, plans to conduct his researches at the Sarah Mellon Scaife Radiation Laboratory. 4. Dr. Frederick Keffer, assistant professor of physics. Dr. Keffer received the Ph.D. degree from the University of California in June of this year. He is a theoretical physicist, interested primarily in develop- ing a theoretical understanding of the properties of solid materials. During the war years he served in the U.S. Army as an Infantry captain. 5. Dr. William Benesch, assistant professor of physics. Dr. Benesch has recently received the Ph.D. degree from Johns Hopkins University. He is an ex- perimental physicist and a specialist in optics. At present he is in Europe spending a post doctoral year at the Astrophysical Laboratory of Professor M. Migeotte in Leige, Belgium. Upon his return to this country, he plans to join the upper atmosphere re- search group directed by Professor Mary E. Warga. (Left) Robert P. Scott, (jront row) left, Francis L. Pauley, College seniors, z top positions in final review, Fort Lee, V/a. (ROTC) 6. Dr. Eric P. Wohlfarth, visiting assistant pro- fessor. Dr. Wohlfarth, a graduate of Leeds University, England, is a theoretical physicist and one of the lead- ing experts in the field of magnetism. Dr. Wohlforth was invited to give one of the papers at a conference on magnetism sponsored in Baltimore, September 4, 5, and 6, by the Office of Naval Research. He plans to serve as a visiting member of our staff for a year and to offer a special course in magnetism. His visit has been made possible by a grant from the Scaife Foundation. ROTC Summer Camp FOUR PITT students were designated as outstanding among the hundreds of students from all over the country who attended the recent six weeks ROTC Summer Camp, ending August I. Robert P. Scott and Francis L. Pauley, both seniors in The College, were given the two top positions in the final review at Fort Lee, Virginia, headquarters for the Quartermaster Corps. Selected from repre- sentatives of 28 colleges and universities throughout the United States and its territories, Scott was given the position, Regimental Commander, and Pauley served as Regimental Adjutant. These two posts are given annually to the two top men at the camp. Scott is from Wellsburg, West Virginia, and Pauley lives in East Monongahela, Pennsylvania. Two other Pitt ROTC students were also designated as outstanding at Camp Gordon, Georgia, summer camp for the Signal Corps. Edwin B. Leaf and Eugene T. Cooper, the only Pitt students at the Georgia camp, were designated as the outstanding men of their respective companies. Leaf, a senior in The College, lives in Pittsburgh. Cooper, who was graduated in June from the School of Engineering, lives in McKeesport, Pennsylvania.

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Tuition Increase James H. Eyssell, Socony-T7acuum Scholar Socony-Vacuum Scholarship THE SocoNY-VAcuUM OIL COMPANY has established a scholarship in the petroleum engineering department beginning with the current academic year. This scholarship, to be known as the "Socony-Vacuum Scholarship in Petroleum Engineering," is for the purpose of promoting the interest of promising under- graduate students of engineering in the production activities of the petroleum industry. The cash award of $750.00 is made to a selected student at the end of his junior year. The recipient is selected jointly by the University of Pittsburgh and the Socony-Vacuum Oil Company on the basis of "scholarship, character, personality, breadth of interest, initiative, willing- ness to assume responsibility, and the ability to co- operate with associates." In awarding the scholarship, preference is given to students in the department of petroleum engineering, but in the absence of a suitable candidate there the award may be given in any field of engineering of interest in petroleum production, such as general, geological, chemical, or mechanical. The Socony- Vacuum Oil Company supports a number of similar scholarships in carefully selected universities through- out the country. The initial recipient of the award is Mr. James H. Eyssell, senior in the petroleum engineering depart- ment, the son of Mrs. A. R. Eyssell of Glenshaw, Pennsylvania and a graduate of ShalerTownship High. THE UNIVERSITY announced this past summer an in- crease in tuition to begin September, 1952. The in- crease affects all of the University's schools except the School of Medicine and the Research Bureau for Retail Training. The tuition increase is $i-o per credit; there is no increase in the University Fee. This is an increase in tuition of $45 per year for the full-time undergraduate student carrying the usual number of 30 credits. 'During the past three years while the University's enrollment has continued to decrease because of the graduation of veterans the cost of running the Uni- versity has continued to increase," Chancellor Fitz- gerald said. "There are only two sources from which the University can derive large sums of money, receipts from students and the state appropriation." For the undergraduate schools and the Graduate School there is an increase from the former charge of $i250 per credit to $14.00 per credit. The schools and divisions to which the increase applies are: The College, School of Engineering, School of Mines, School of Business Administration, School of Educa- tion, School of Nursing, Graduate School, Johnstown Center, Extension Division, and courses scheduled by nondegree students. The matriculation cost in other schools of the Uni- versity after the increase in September is as follows: School of Law increase from $45o tO $480 School of Pharmacy increase (freshman) from $475 to $5o5 increase (upperclasses) from $490 to $520 School of Dentistry increase from $55o to $6co School of Social Work increase from $445 tO $520 Even in the face of rising costs and the recent decline in enrollment, tuition at the University of Pittsburgh has increased only $4.00 per credit since 1932. For the fifth time the University offered a free one- week course in the craft of flytying as part of the Summer Session program. As usual, the course was taught by Professor Edwin L. Peterson, expert flytyer. The University supplied all equipment, including vises, thread from England, tinsel from France, hooks from Norway, and feathers from the peacock, par- tridge, pheasant, gamecock, and wild duck. Students fashioned the material given them into wet flies, dry flies, and streamers used in trout fishing. Dr. Charles B. Nutting represented the University at the Sesquicentennial Convocation of the United States Military Academy on May 20, 1952.

Massing of Colors. troop units of Tech, Duquesne, and Pitt, May, 1952 NEWS IN PICTURES Charlie Stass, Pitt elevaiors; and Agnes Hahn, Build- ings and Grounds, 33 years: retired August, 1952 New Jarrett photo. upper right, Golden Triangle, also nevw- Pitt field house and, left, M4edical Center Nurses' Residence N C a (i &'-" k. -~t~'"l* s L'19 i~;I ,,~ 4X*b~p~ y -i~i fq, c t .dt:hG iiiiii~i~ i"La~-: i, - 'sr~a ~~=lc;Z= re*~I

26 Office of the Dean of Women THREE assistants and two associates to Dean Helen Pool Rush, have been appointed this fall. Miss Martha Jones is assistant in charge of housing and placement for women students at the University. She was formerly assistant to the dean at Pennsylvania College for Women where her duties were similar to those she assumes at Pitt. She is a graduate of Dennison University and Duke University. Miss Josephine Gallagher is assistant in charge of extracurricular activities for women students at the University. Miss Gallagher was graduated with highest honor from the University in June, when she was also selected as senior queen and as recipient of the Emma W. Locke Memorial Award. During her senior year she was president of Mortar Board. Miss Madlyn Martucci is assistant in charge of the information room at the University. Miss Martucci is a graduate of the University and a former teacher at Charleroi Senior High School. While a student at Pitt she, too, was president of Mortar Board and in ig5o received the Nationality Room Hostess Award of a summer's trip abroad. Miss Ruth Cramblet, director of the University Food Service, and Miss Savina Skewis, assistant director of the Food Service, have been named asso- ciate deans of women. For the past two years both women have been active in the homemaking program among women students and in advising student groups. They will continue this in their new posts and will also continue to head the food service at the University. Miss Cramblet, who has been with the University nine years, is a graduate of Allegheny College and holds a Master of Arts degree from the University of Pittsburgh. Miss Skewis, who joined the food service administration five years ago, is a graduate of the University of Delaware and holds a Master in Letters degree from the University of Pittsburgh. L IS Associate Deans Ruth Cramblet and Savina Skewis talk with Norma Jurso, Cwen, and Nancy Taylor, freshman. Mr. Hlarry L. Berry, assistant campus proctor to Dean of Men in Information Room with Miss Martucci

Miss Helen B. Hope, evening hostess in the Information Room with Mr. Joseph Hedges, Campus Proctor (Dean of Men's Office) Miss Josephine Gallagher, assistant in charge of extracurric- ular activities, in her office with two Mortar Board members Miss Martha Jones, assistant in charge of housing, aids a student. June Graduates, Public Health ALL directions of the globe were represented in the class of z9 candidates from the University's Graduate School of Public Health receiving either the Master of Public Health, Master of Science, or Doctor of Philosophy degree at commencement exercises on June ii. Although five countries-the United States of America, Thailand, Formosa, Chile, and Norway- were represented in the class, the largest number of graduates were natives of Pennsylvania. The Orient has two representatives, both are physicians and both received the Master of Public Health degree. They are Dr. Tsu-Chio Hsu, of Taiwan, Formosa, and Dr. Prachoom Indrambarya, of Rajaburi Province, Thailand. Dr. Hsu is chief of the Technical Experts Division of the Taiwan Provincial Health Administration. Dr. Indrambarya is provincial health officer of Rajaburi Province, Thailand. Both doctors completed the year's training in Pitt's department of public health practice on fellowships from the Eco- nomic Cooperation Administration. P'From the North came Svenn Lauritz Larsen, a civil engineer from Trondheim, Norway, and a district engineer of the Norwegian Labour Inspectorate, who received the Master of Science degree in industrial hygiene. His year's study in Pitt's department of occupational health was made possible through a fellowship from the Rockefeller Foundation. South America's representative, Dr. Alejandro Valenzuela, of Santiago, Chile, received the Master of Public Health degree. Dr. Valenzuela is the director general of sanitation in Santiago's Department of Industrial Hygiene. His year's study in Pitt's depart- ment of occupational health was made possible through a fellowship from The Institute of Inter- American Affairs. Hospital Administration Class, Graduate School of Public Health, 1952

A large auditorium was needed to get all Dr. Bonebreak's "babies' together. "The spontaneous expression of gratitude"' Dr. Bonebreak CLAIRE BRACKMANN University News Service T111S YEAR, for the first time in its 132-year history, the town of Martinsburg, Pennsylvania held a recep- tion to honor one of its most esteemed residents. It was more than fitting that the guest of honor be Dr. John Shubert Bonebreak, an alumnus of Pitt Medical School, who has been serving his community for more than half a century. Although friends have considered it amusing that a healer and mender should be named Bonebreak, thirteen of the doctor's forebears, many of the Bone- break lineage, have been doctors. Doctor John, him- self, began his practice in 1896 when he graduated from the Medical School of the University of Pitts- burgh (then Western University of Pennsylvania). During the early years of his practice Dr. Bonebreak rode horseback or used a buggy or sleigh to visit patients. It was not until 1913 that he began driving a Ford, one of the first automobiles in Martinsburg. But even then Dr. Bonebreak kept a team of horses handy, for the Ford could not always cope with the mud roads and lanes. In the course of his fifty-six years of practice Dr. Bonebreak has worn Out a half-dozen of the "little black bags" which mark his profession. During his more active years the doctor delivered an average of sixty babies a year, and he can count almost 3,000 babies which he has delivered. And those "babies" have not forgotten their family doctor. Many of them gathered at Martinsburg's Memorial Park for the reception in his honor. One "baby" flew almost 3,000 miles from California to express his gratitude. And those who were unable to attend wrote their thanks to the doctor. Before the reception began, Dr. Bonebreak and his wife were taken from their home to the park in an old fashioned surrey, symbol of the doctor's "horse and buggy days. " A band, composed entirely of Bonebreak "babies," played as the procession moved along. Dr. William S. McEllroy, dean of Pitt's School of Medicine, represented the doctor's alma mater at the reception, which he said was the most spontaneous expression of gratitude he has ever seen a community pay to a doctor. Such a tribute, Dean McEllroy said, proved that Dr. Bonebreak's career reflects honor on his profession and emphasizes the importance of a good doctor to a community. Other members of the medical profession and repre- sentatives of community organizations added their tributes to that of Dean McEllroy. Although Dr. Bonebreak is now in his eightieth year, he has no plans for retirement; there will yet be more Bonebreak babies in Martinsburg.

The Eighth Reading Conference CONTENT, Selection, and Use of Children's Litcrature was the theme of the University's eighth annual con- ference and course on reading which met in July in the Stephen Foster Memorial. Visiting lecturers included Dr. John DeBoer, pro- fessor of education, University of Illinois, editor of Elementary English; Dr. William S. Gray, emeritus professor of education, University of Chicago; Dr. Donald D. Durell, professor of education, Boston University; Mr. Arthur Bergholz, children's book department of Gimbels, Pittsburgh; and Misses Elizabeth M. Beal and Laura E. Cathon of the boys and girls department of the Carnegie Library. Eight members of the faculty of the University of Pittsburgh also participated in the conference program and Dr. Gerald A. Yoakam, director of courses in elementary education at the University, as usual, directed the conference. German Educators A team of German industrialists and educators, travelling in the United States under the auspices of the Mutual Security Agency, visited the University onJune 2.6, 1952 . They assembled in the German Room and were welcomed to the University by Dean V. W. Lanfear. Professor Bela Gold gave a lecture on "Wages, Pro- ductivity, and Prices." This was followed by a talk on "Executive Training" by Professor Edmund Stone. After lunch and a tour through the Nationality Rooms the group heard Mr. F. Kindig (lecturer in Industry) on "Salary Administration" and Professor Francis Tyson on "Voluntary Arbitration." Miss Erika Feldmann, an interpreter, using the port- able interpreting equipment, repeated the speaker's words in German into the microphone and was heard by the men via earphones. This method enabled the lecturer to speak in English at normal speed. Miss Feldmann interprets the English speeches. Professor Walter K. Turkes Graduate Work in Industry PROF ESSOR WALTER R. TURKESS, head of the industrial engineering department of the University of Pitts- burgh, has been appointed as the director of Graduate Work in Industry program. This is a co-operative educational program with the industries in the Pitts- burgh area. During the past year there have been some goo students enrolled, the majority of whom are engi- neers. Some 400 students engaged on this program are from Westinghouse. The companies which are actively engaged in this co-operative educational program with the University are the Aluminum Com- pany of America, Gulf Research & Development Com- pany, Jones & Laughlin Steel Company, Koppers Company, Inc., Philadelphia Company, United States Steel Company, and the Westinghouse Electric Corporation. Professor Turkes received both the Bachelor of Science and Master of Science degrees from the Uni- versity of Pittsburgh. He was engaged as an industrial engineer at the United States Steel Company, Home- stead Works, for a number of years. During World War II he was co-ordinator for all military personnel who were assigned to the University for military training. He is well known by industrialists in this area. Professor H. E. Dyche, formerly director of the program, has retired from this position and will retain his duties as head of the electrical engineering department. Professor Dyche was one of the origi- nators of the Graduate Work in Industry program.

IN MEMORIAM A. L. ROBINSON (1902-1952) THE UNIVERSITY, with deepest regret, announces the death of Dr. A. L. Robinson, professor of chemistry and University librarian. Dr. Robinson was born in Chicago. He had been a member of the faculty of the University since 1924, acting librarian from 1944 to 1949, and since 1949 the University's head librarian. He was a graduate of the University of Pennsylvania where he received two degrees, the Bachelor of Science in chemical engineering and the Master of Science. From the University of Pittsburgh in 1926 he received the Doctor of Philosophy degree. He had attended also the University of Munich, Germany; he was the author of more than 2.5 research papers in chemistry and co-author of the book Selective Experiments in General Chemistry. Dr. Robinson was a member of the American Chemical Society, the Association of American University Professors, and Sigma Psi, an honorary society. Dr. A. L. Robinson, University Librarian Dr. Robinson's colleagues here at the University and his many friends here and outside the University will miss him. The outstanding contributions he made to the organization of the University library and in directing studies for the new expansion planned for the library, especially in planning for a new library building, make his death a serious loss to University administrative councils. In his honor a memorial fund has been established which daily receives contributions from many in the University and in the community. Sympathy goes out from all at the University to the bereaved family: Dr. Robinson's mother, Mrs. Celia Schwartz; his brother, Mr. Joseph Robinson; and his aunt, Mrs. Beatrice Bender-all of Philadelphia. EVERETT D. WELLS (1891-1952) ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR EVERETT D. WELLS, mathematics department, died August 14. He had taught at Pitt's Erie Center for fifteen years and on the campus here for nine. Mr. Wells was a graduate of Grinnell College where he was a Phi Beta Kappa member. At the University of Minnesota he belonged to Sigma XI, an honorary scientific society. He was a member of a number of Masonic organizations. He is survived in his immediate family by his wife and a son, Everett D. Wells, Jr. HELEN D. GREEN (1905-1952) MISS HELEN D. GREEN, professor in the School of Social Work, died June 7. Miss Green was born in Rochester, New York and had come to Pittsburgh in 1941 as executive director of the American Service Institute. She had been teaching in the University since 1948. A memorial service was held for Professor Green at Shadyside Presbyterian Church. Dr. Howard C. Scharfe, the pastor and an associate of Miss Green in health and welfare work in Pittsburgh, officiated. Dr. Lawrence Van Kirk, dean of the School of Dentistry, who had been associated with her on the Pittsburgh Council on Inter-Cultural Education spoke for the faculty. A scholarship fund in her memory will be estab- lished in the School of Social Work by her friends.

PITCAIRN-CRABBE LECTURE, 21 T11AT the economic values of education are closely related to the ethical and political ideals in a world where national survival depends on economic produc- tion was the theme of the twenty-first Pitcairn-Crabbe lecture on Modern Education and Human Values. Dr. William G. Carr, executive secretary of the National Education Association, delivered the address to a conference of school administrators, July 9, in Stephen Foster Memorial. The economic value of teaching for the teacher, for the student, and for the society of which they are a part were considered by the speaker. "On the survival of this nation depends the survival of freedom and morality for human relations," he maintained. "We here in the United States," he said, "can use our educational system more deliberately to build an expanding prosperity under the present economic system of our country. We can do this if we provide an educational program that is adequate in amount, appropriate in kind, and just in distribution. "Such an education," he continued, "will add to the economic well-being of the American people. If we should fail to provide such education, the American people would have a standard of living lower than is necessary, the productivity of our country would be Dr. William G. Carr, executive secretary, National Education Association retarded, and our strength relative to hostile and competing forces in the modern world would be less than it ought to be." Dr. Carr discussed four points providing evidence of the value of education to the economic welfare of the American people- i. the factor of the health and longevity of the American people as producers. 2. the influence of education in the creation and development of the extractive and manufacturing industries. 3. the evidence that can be drawn from a comparison of the resources and education systems of rich countries and poor countries. "In not a single country does a high standard of education fail to be accompanied by a high standard of economic productivity," he said. 4. the evidence from similar comparisons of the states of this union. "To have proper distribution of education in this country we must begin in the local communities," Dr. Carr said. "If we want to use education to make the American economy effective, heroic and sacri- ficial efforts will be needed in every locality to strengthen the financing of the school system. "Great efforts will be needed in the states, too," he said. "We must tax thewealthwhere it is and teach the children where they live. We must also have a federal program to help those states which make a valiant effort to support the education of their children and cannot do it because they have too many children for their limited resources. "The necessity for more attention to the defense of America against aggression should direct more atten- tion to the economic values of education," he said. "This country can scarcely make a better line of de- fense than to put itself in the best possible economic condition. While billions of dollars are appropriated for every other kind of defense, teachers cannot forget, and they ought not to let others forget, that the ultimate line of defense for America rests on the in- formed intelligence, the economic efficiency, and morale of its citizens." "The schools," Dr. Carr con- tinued, "should continue and intensify their efforts to develop citizens who can participate in the processes of our democracy, who can feel a sense of civic re- sponsibility, and who have their vocational and tech- nical skills lifted to the limit. In such a task American education is American defense. "Our country is now engaged in another great struggle for the security of its free institutions and for national survival. Our leaders have told us that this struggle is almost sure to continue for a long time," he said. "These leaders also tell us that the economic

32- strength of our country is crucial to success. A patriotic and prudent concern for our country requires us to consider not merely the passing events of today but also the position of the nation ten or twenty years from now. " "In terms of sheer numbers," Dr. Carr con- tinued, "we cannot begin to match the manpower which can be arrayed against us. Thanks to our supply of highly educated manpower we were able to achieve what has been called 'a miracle of production' in the Second World War. The struggle which now engages our attention is at least equally exacting in the de- mands made on American economy. Only a nation which keeps its productive efficiency at the maximum can meet the challenges which the years will bring. Only a nation which makes farsighted investments in the education of its people can reach such a degree of economic productivity. "Let us therefore set about in earnest to build up our educational system in all its parts," Dr. Carr con- cluded. "Let us give this nation the steadily increasing economic strength that it needs in order to survive. Let us see that every talent of every child is developed to the full. Let us provide what Milton called 'a com- plete and generous education.' Let us share the cost of this education equitably among the entire wealth of the localities, the states, and the nation. Let us staff our schools with the best brains and the stoutest hearts that can be found. Such an educational system will make America economically strong. In doing that it will help to keep America secure, free, and, as we all devoutly hope, at peace with itself and with the world." Dr. Carr's lecture is printed in Volume IV of the series, Modern Education and Human Values, all four of which have been published by the University of Pittsburgh Press. New Science and Old at the High School Physics Lecture W. C. KELLY Department of Physics NEW science and old were topics of the third annual physics program for high schools presented at the University on May 17. Students and teachers from the schools of western Pennsylvania heard Dr. Vincent J. Schaefer of General Electric Research Laboratory speak on "Scientific Adventures with Wind, Water, and Weather," describing his experiments in "weather- making." After the lecture the visitors saw a playlet commemorating a famous experiment of four hundred years ago, Galileo's demonstration that heavy bodies and light ones fall with equal acceleration. Dr. Schaefer has been well known in applied physics since that day about five years ago when he produced the first artificial fall of snow by seeding clouds with dry ice crystals dropped from an airplane. That ex- periment was followed by others in "rainmaking" in which Dr. Schaefer and his colleagues showed that man can do something about the weather in certain favorable situations. In addition to being a creative scientist, Dr. Schaefer has a deep appreciation of the rare and beautiful in nature. He was led into his work on artificial precipitation by an interest in the sym- metries displayed by snow crystals. He often spent hours kneeling in an open field in a blizzard while he madc plastic replicas of snow flakes. His talk awoke in his young listeners some of his own pleasure in the manifold forms of nature and their underlying laws. At the close of Dr. Schaefer's talk, members of the Pitt Players in costume presented a playlet called "Galileo and the Tower of Pisa," written by Dr. 0. H. Blackwood and directed by Professor Harvey Pope. The playlet dealt with the controversy between the sixteenth-century scientist Galileo and Aristo- telians of his day over the acceleration of falling bodies. Traditionally, Galileo is supposed to have settled the dispute by publicly dropping a cannon ball and a musket ball from the Tower of Pisa and demon- strating that they strike the ground almost simul- taneously. A few historians of science claim that the story is entirely fiction. However, Viviani, Galileo's contemporary biographer, states that Galileo did per- form the experiment, and certain passages in Galileo's Two New Sciences support this statement. Most histori- ans feel that Galileo, a man who delighted in experi- menting, did drop the balls from the Tower although the evidence that he did this in public is not strong. Galileo's ultimate triumph in the controversy is commonly regarded as marking the beginning of the decline of authority in science. The play was presented as a dialogue between Galileo, the young, brash lecturer in mathematics at the University of Pisa, and Simplicio, an authoritarian professor and follower of Aristotle. A debate between the two concerning the acceleration of falling bodies of different weights ended in Galileo's challenge to try the experiment. The audience then went to Lilly Court in front of the Cathedral of Learning and the actors repeated the famous experiment by dropping two balls of clearly different size and weight (plastic balloons of two sizes filled with water!) from the parapet on the fifth floor. When the balls struck with- in a few inches of each other, Galileo claimed the victory. The play was good fun with a few serious overtones. The remainder of the program for the day was ap- propriately modern and consisted of a conference on career opportunities in physics, the showing of films on nuclear physics, and visits to the cyclotron labora- tory and the physics and bio-physics laboratories at

47%u m - -*11F 'Galileo' drops the historic weights from the Cathedral of Learning into Lilly Court. Thaw Hall. The co-operation of the University ad- ministration and members of the physics and biophys- ics staffs was very helpful. The appreciation of the visitors indicated that the program met the high standard set by the high school physics lectures of previous years. The lectures en- courage able high school students to prepare for work in science and help keep the University in contact with the community. Nation's First Branch Store Clinic BRANCH STORES, the extensions of the department stores of America into surburban areas and towns, were represented by their executives at the country's first Branch Store Clinic at the Research Bureau for Retail Training. At the combined invitation of The Bureau and De- partment Store Economist Publication, retailers from coast to coast and Canada met from May 13 to May I to discuss the problems of merchandising and operat- ing branch stores. The group members were given opportunity for free exchange of experiences, knowl- edge, ideas, and opinions on subjects including branch store organization, merchandising, sales promotion, personnel policies, management operations, merchan- dising and operating results, expense allocations, control problems. This working clinic explored all phases of branch store operation under the discussion leadership of John Guernsey, distribution economist and editorial advisor of Department Store Economist and recent author of a series of articles, "Suburban Branches." Assisting Mr. Guernsey were Bureau Director Bishop Brown and Professors Frederic A. Egmore and Albert B. Smith of the Bureau staff. G. A. Palmer, Jr., personnel director of Joseph Home Co., headed a session on personnel policies. Another session on expense allocation was led by W. E. Reitz, Jr., controller of The Hecht Co., Wash- ington, D.C. The clinic continued through dinner sessions at the Hotel Schenley. On May 13, Kenneth C. Welch dis- cussed "The Phenomenon of the Integrated Shopping Center." Mr. Welch is vice president of Grand Rapids Store Equipment Co. and vice president of Suburban Centers Trust, Inc., developers of the Framingham, Massachusetts center, "Shoppers' World." Dinner speakers of May 14 were Welton Becket of Welton Becket and Associates, and William T. Snaith, presi- dent, The Raymond Loewy Corp., who discussed "Contrast and Areas of Agreement on Factors Govern- ing the Design, Construction, and Location of Suburban Branches. " Mr. Becket's experience in the branch store field includes work with Bullock's Pasadena, Bullock's Westwood, and the Stonestown shopping center in suburban San Francisco. Mr. Snaith has directed de- sign for Macy's Parkchester, Burdine's Miami Beach, Woodward and Lothrop, Chevy Chase. Many who attended this first branch store clinic, expressed their appreciation and suggested that an- other such clinic be held by the Bureau. Director Bishop Brown reviews the program of the first Branch Store Clinic, with management representatives throughout the country.

34 News Notes Professor Bishop Brown, director, Research Bureau for Retail Training, addressed the personnel group of the Associated Merchandising Corporation which met in Cincinnati this spring for Selling Clinic discussions. In Zurich, Switzerland, Professor Frederic A. Egmore, Research Bureau for Retail Training, addressed the second International Conference on Modern Trends and Problems in Distribution. The conference met this summer to consider the subject of the integration of the consumer in the selling function. Associate Professor Josephine R. Beatty, Research Bureau for Retail Training, renewed friendships this summer with former Bureau visitors and students in retail centers throughout Europe and England. Lead- ing retail stores visited by Professor Beatty were Magasin Du Nord, Copenhagen, Denmark; Baechman Speciality Store, Nordiska Kompaniet, and Paul A. Bergstrom, Stockholm, Sweden; Harrods, London, England; Bentalls, Kingston, England. Professor Beatty also visited two schools; the Swedish Retail Federation and Swedish School of Design, Stockholm. Dr. Helmeth H. Schrenk, research director, In- dustrial Hygiene Foundation, Mellon Institute, has received notification from the Minister of Public Health and Population of France that he has been nominated a Chevalier of Public Health, in recogni- tion of his distinguished services. Dr. Schrenk is also a senior fellow of Mellon Institute and a lecturer in occupational health in the School of Public Health of the University. Gladys Schmitt, alumna who is a best seller novelist, has published recently her second Literary Guild choice: Confessors of the Name. In August, Dean Edward C. Reif, School of Pharma- cy, was installed as president-elect of the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy. Four students in the Graduate School have been awarded National Foundation fellowships for 1952--53. They provide a basic stipend, an allowance for wife and dependent children, travel, tuition, and fees. The four predoctoral fellows, who will continue their studies here, are Gloria W. Borecky, biology; William H. Kasner and Stanley Stein, physics; Sylvan M. Sax, chemistry. Students from twenty-nine colleges and universities began in July their year of graduate work at the Research Bureau for Retail Training. Geographers Visit Pitt TWENTY-THREE geographers from seven countries visited Pittsburgh, August i and 2, as part of a ten-day excursion to the industrial centers of northeastern United States. Their visit here was planned by three members of the University's geography department- Dr. J. Warren Nystrom, head of the department, Oswald Schmidt, assistant professor, and Dr. John L. Jenness, associate professor. This excursion was one of the features of the 8th general assembly of the 17th Congress of the Inter- national Geographical Union which met in Wash- ington, D.C. from August 8 to August 1S. Some i,zoo geographers from more than sixty countries attended the Congress which meets every four years and which has not met in the United States since 1904. The excursion group, which included well-known geographers from Sweden, Belgium, Switzerland, Scotland, Canada, England, and Australia, came to Pittsburgh from Detroit to examine the interlocking roles of transportation, industrialization, and urbani- zation in and around Pittsburgh. Visits were made to a number of industrial plants in the vicinity, and a plane trip was taken for a view of the Pittsburgh area. Dr. Nystrom, Dr. Jenness, Professor Schmidt, and Miss Zoe Thralls, professor of geography at the Uni- versity of Pittsburgh, attended the International Geographical Union Meeting in Washington, D.C. which began August 8. Dr. Nystrom is a member of the finance committee for the international meeting and is also chairman of the United Nations Committee. The International Geographical Union, one of nine constituent organizations of the International Council of Scientific Unions, was established to promote the study of geographical problems, to initiate and co- ordinate researches requiring international co-oper- ation, to provide for meetings of the International Geographical Congress, and to appoint commissions for the study of special matters during the interval between Congresses.

Dr. John Maxwell Ferguson DR. JOHN MAXWELL FERGUSON, department of eco- nomics at the University of Pittsburgh, has been granted a year's leave of absence from his teaching duties to do research. During the year he will com- plete research and writing already underway on an economic text titled "The World Today," which is a comparative study of various economic systems. Dr. Ferguson expects to complete work on his manuscript by March of next year. Publication in book form is set for June, 195 3. The book will be unique, because it will deal mainly with the American economy and will center around the dignity of the individual. The leading texts of the day, Dr. Ferguson says, devote only a minimum of space to the United States economy. The 400 page book planned by Dr. Ferguson will include chapters on "The Crisis of the Individual," "The Changing Shape of the American Economy," "The Roosevelt New Deal," "The Truman Fair Deal," "Freedom and Reform, the Welfare State," "A Summary Evaluation of the Present Day United States Economic System," "World Peace and Com- munism, " and 'The Outlook for the Future." The first chapter of the book is titled "The World Today- the Free Versus the Unfree World." Dr. John Maxwell Ferguson This volume, he says, written without any scholarly mumbo-jumbo and based upon twenty years of teach- ing and research in the field of economic systems, is designed for the general reader as well as for students in one semester college courses in the "Isms." In essence, it will aim to be an alert and common-sense study of the challenge of the ages-the preservation of man's individual freedom and dignity. Dr. Ferguson recently completed z years of teach- ing and research at the University. Before joining the faculty at Pitt he had taught at Columbia University and at Vassar College. He is a graduate of Harvard University where he received the Bachelor of Arts degree, of Columbia University where he earned the Master of Arts and Doctor of Philosophy degrees, and of Leipzig University, Germany, where he received the degree, Doctor of Jurisprudence. He is a Phi Beta Kappa. Dr. Ferguson is widely known for his work in economics, and he is the author of a well-known book titled "Landmarks of Economic Thought" and several articles for professional journals. Nationality Notes CZECHOSLOVAK THE Committee for the Czechoslovak Room held a Masaryk Birthday Commemoration on March 7 in the Stephen Foster Memorial Social Room. The speaker for the event was Dr. Thomas Helde, of the depart- ment of history at Carnegie Institute of Technology. Mr. Milan Getting, Jr., chairman of the Czecho- slovak Room Committee, presided. On May 16, in the Stephen Foster Memorial Social Room, the Czechoslovak Committee held a Spring Festival with their traditional Maypole, a young sap- ling with red and white streamers interwined with its fresh green leaves. Young and old danced around the Maypole, many in their beautifully embroidered costumes of Bohemia and Slovakia. ENGLISH At a meeting of members of the English Room Com- mittee in the partly-completed English Classroom on the afternoon of February 15, Chancellor R. H. Fitz- gerald placed over the fireplace mantel a wreath in memory of the late King George VI. The wreath bore the inscription, "In Memory of George VI, a great king and a good man." Work has progressed steadily on the English Room so that it has been possible to set the general date for the dedication during the third week of November. A cable has been received announcing that the whips of Parliament have arranged for Alfred C. Bossom, member from Maidstone and chairman of the English Room Committee, to fly from London to be present at the ceremony.

F rENCI, At a recent meeting of the Committee for the French Room, the following officers were elected: Charles A. Styer, chairman; Mrs. Donald G. Clark, vice-chair- man; Mr. Emile Majerus, vice-chairman; Mrs. Blossom Henry Massey, secretary; and Mr. Louis Celestin, treasurer. On Saturday, April g, the French Room Com- mittee held a luncheon at the Twentieth Century Club in honor of Mrs. Odette Parker, who has been a loyal member and officer of the committee for many years. Mrs. Parker has returned to her native home in Paris. GERMAN A contract for the fabrication of the German Room windows by the Connick Studios was signed on April 9. The theme of the windows will be the fairy tales of German folklore. The designs for one set of three windows were made by Mr. Connick before his death. Thus, the University of Pittsburgh will have one more beautiful window designed by this great twentieth century stained glass artist. GREEK The Committee for the Greek Room held a special Greek Independence Day Commemoration on Thurs- day evening, March 27, in the Stephen Foster Memorial Auditorium. The guest speaker for the occasion was The Honorable Dimitri N. Lambros, Minister Coun- sellor of the Royal Greek Embassy in Washington, D.C. Music was furnished by the choir of the St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church. A message was brought from His Beatitude, the Ecumenical Pat- riarch of Constantinople, by Mrs. Kirkland Wiley Todd who, with her husband, visited Archbishop Athenagoras last fall. Greetings were given by Mlr. C. D. Diamantopulos, counsellor, Board of Directors of the Greek Community of Allegheny County; Dr. Whitford H. Shelton, head, department of modern languages; and Mrs. Ruth Crawford Mitchell. A group of young men and women from the Greek Community gave two modern Greek folk dances. A group of students from the University's department of physical education gave a Classical Greek dance under the direction of Miss Margaret Covert. Con- stantine Lambrinos, graduate student in economics and recipient of the Greek Committee scholarship for 1951-52, spoke briefly. Present at the program were Miss Lillian Deme- stichas, chairman of the Greek Room Committee and Mr. Rudolph Agraphiotis, chairman of the Indc- pendence Day program. HUNGARIAN The "West Pennsylvania Hungarian Cultural Federation," a group of young Hungarians who have "To a great king and a good man, George VI, " English Room come to this country and to Pittsburgh within the last few years, held a picnic in July at Thompson's Grove for the benefit of the Hungarian Room Window Fund. The first of five windows, which features "Hunor and Magor," the mythical founders of Hungary, is now being fabricated at the Pittsburgh Stained Glass Studios. The designs for the windows are the work of Louis Diera who studied the making of cartoons for stained glass windows in Hungary. LITHUANIAN The Committee for the Lithuanian Room travelled to Washington, D.C. on Thursday, May 8, for a re- ception at the Lithuanian Legation at which time Mr. Peter L. Pivaronas, chairman of the Lithuanian Room Committee presented to Minister Povilas Zadeikis a copy of the Nationality Rooms hook. The volume is to be kept at the Legation until it is possible to deposit it at the University of Kaunas, in Lithu- anla. Mr. William Zamblauskas, vice-chairman of the Lithuanian Room Committee, also spoke at the ceremony; and Dr. John Giese, of the University's history department spoke on behalf of the University. Members of the Women's International Luncheon Club who were in Washington at the time were guests at the presentation ceremonies. NORWEGIAN Mr. Frederic Schaefer, honorary chairman of the Norwegian Room Committee, has presented the

POLISH Scottish Room Memorial.: "Gone to the land o' the leal" Norwegian Room with a tapestry of seventeenth century weave depicting the biblical story of the Wise and Foolish Virgins. The tapestry has been hung under glass in a special frame on the rear wall of the Norwegian Room. A woolen runner for the alcove table and a pewter pitcher for flowers were additional gifts of Mr. Schaefer. Seventeenth century tapestry, gift of Mr. Frederic Schaefer I AOOi The Committee for the Polish Room celebrated Polish Constitution Day on Saturday evening, May 3, with a program in the Commons Room. Special guests at the meeting were Polish displaced persons who have recently come to make their homes in Pittsburgh. The chairman of the Polish Room Committee, Dr. Anthony S. Mallek, presided. Colonel Theophilus Anthony Starzynski, chairman of the Committee for the Polish Room from 1931 to 1939 and from the close of World War II until he be- came honorary chairman in 1948, died on June 16. A memorial service was held in the Polish Classroom on Saturday evening, June 2i. The wrought iron gates were opened for each comer to cross the Commons Room to the candle-lighted Polish Room. Chopin's Funeral March played by a Polish organist added to the solemnity of the occasion. Prayers were offered by Father Drelak, pastor of St. Cyprian's Church on the North Side. Dr. Francis D. Tyson of the department of economics spoke eloquently on Colonel Starzynski's distinguished career as founder of the Polish army, recruited in the United States during World War I, and as founder later of the Polish Falcons of America, a national beneficial organization of which he was the president at the time of his death. A testimonial to Colonel Starzynski in recognition of his special services to the University in connection with the Polish Room was read by Mrs. Victor Alski and placed in the archives of the Polish Room for per- manent custody. RUSSIAN The Russian Committee sponsored a Spring Concert on May 28 in the Stephen Foster Memorial Audi- torium. The Homestead Russian Orthodox Chorus was presented under the direction of Andrew Kaluponov. Following the concert, home-baked cakes and tea from samovars were served in the Social Room in true Rus- sian style. The occasion was one which combined the artistry of good music, good company, and good food. SCOTTISH St. Andrew's evening came on November 24. It was celebrated by the Scottish Committee with a program in Stephen Foster Memorial which included a trio, a piper, and a highland dancer. The presiding officer, Mr. William S. McLay, introduced the Reverend Dr. Ralph G. Turnbull of the Western Theological Semi- nary who spoke about St. Andrew. Miss Mildred Ann Ditty, instructor in speech and recipient of the 195 I Scottish Room Award for summer study at the Uni- versity of Edinburgh, recalled her experiences of the summer spent abroad. The Scottish Committee gave a dance in the Social Room of the Stephen Foster Memorial on May 17. It

Members of the German Classroom present Chancellor FitZgerald with a check for $6,500 to install two stained glass windows in the German Classroom. was a gala occasion with reels and the schottiche. A group of student hostesses were special guests and two exchange fellows from Scotland introduced the young women to the reels as danced in Edinburgh. The pro- ceeds from this event and from the St. Andrew's eve- ning went to the scholarship fund of the Committee. SWEDISH The Committee for the Swedish Room held a Spring Concert on Saturday evening, April 5 in the Stephen Foster Memorial Auditorium. Mr. Anders G. Ericson, chairman of the Swedish Room Committee presided, and a reception followed the concert in the Social Room of the Foster Memorial. The proceeds of this reception were used to supplement the Swedish Com- mittee's scholarship offered to a junior member of the faculty for study in Sweden this summer. YUGOSLAV The Committee for the Yugoslav Room together with the Duquesne University Tamburitzans sponsored a Yugoslav Art Exhibit at Buhl Planetarium from March 2. through 9. Paintings on exhibit were those of Edo Murtic and Vilko Seferov, Yugoslav artists. Also on exhibit were costumes and embroideries pre- sented to the Tamburitzans last summer when they made a concert tour throughout Yugoslavia. WOMEN'S INTERNATIONAL LUNCHEON CLUB New officers of the Women's International Luncheon Club elected for 1952--53 are Mrs. Julius Ivanowski, president; Mrs. Peter Pivaronas, vice-president; Mrs. Joseph B. Chisey, treasurer. For a number of years the Women's International Luncheon Club, composed of one representative from each of the Nationality Committees, has sponsored an annual trip to some center of international significance. The 1952- spring trip was to Washington, D.C. for two briefing conferences: a conference on Educational Ex- change was set up by the Office of Educational Ex- change of the International Information Administra- tion at the Washington International Center; the other was a presentation of United States foreign policy by Francis H. Russell, director, Office of Public Affairs, State Department. One afternoon was spent as guests of the Lithuanian Minister at the Lithua- nian legation. Mr. Peter L. Pivaronas, chairman of the Lithuanian Committee, placed a volume of the Na- tionality Rooms book in the custody of the Lith- uanian Minister, His Excellency, Povilas Zadeikis, to be delivered to the University of Kaunas when the day comes that Lithuania is once more a free state. Through the courtesy of Congressman James G. Fulton the members of the Club were able to be present at the dedication of the Memorial Fountain which had been erected in the plaza outside the National Art Gallery in memory of the late Andrew Mellon. The speaker of the occasion was Dr. John G. Bowman, President Honorarius of the University of Pittsburgh. Workshop in Health Education A workshop in community-school health education was held at the University in June. Forty students were enrolled at the University's Falk Elementary School. Dr. Minnie L. Lynn, director of teacher education in physical education for women of the University, directed the workshop. On the staff were representa- tives from the University's Graduate School, School of Education, School of Public Health, School of Nursing, and a representative of the Ohio Department of Health. Forty members of the workshop, health educa- tionists, nurse consultants, school administrators, health department personnel, and parents of school children came under scholarships from health organi- zations in Allegheny, Beaver, Butler, Dauphin, Lan- caster, Perry, Somerset, and Westmoreland counties. With Dr. Lynn as members of the full-time staff were Sewall P. Milliken, Ohio Department of Health; Benjamin Spock, M.D., Samuel M. Wishik, M.D., and Janice D. Mickey, R.N., Graduate School of Public Health; Glenna S. Walter, R.N., School of Nursing; and Robert Kalchthaler, School of Education. The University workshop was one of four Pennsyl- vania workshops in health education sponsored by the Pennsylvania Interagency Committee, composed of representatives of the state departments of Health, Welfare, and Public Instruction.

Heinz Memorial Chapel 1951-1952 RAYMOND F. BRITTAIN Assistant Chaplain WIEN talking or writing about anything of spirit- ual beauty and emotional experience such as the Heinz Memorial Chapel it is impossible to remain impersonal. Even cold facts take on subjective colors and memories that make one warm and that prove further the difficulty of communicating from one person to another. This difficulty is instinctively apparent to the chance visitor. The Chapel becomes more and more of an abiding verity to those of us who have had the good fortune to have its great character and rich aesthetic moods "rub off on us" through many months, or even years, of association and re- sponsibility there. The Chapel is a quiet place for soul and mind. It is one of the few true meeting places of the best of man's artistic, rational, and worship capacities with God Himself. So is it any wonder that, when thinking back over the past year's program in the Heinz Chapel, events become part of a larger landscape, every detail of which is in the same perspective? Like the many verdant hills, quiet roads, busy centers one sees from an airplane, the Sunday vesper and weekday student services, the organ recitals, the weddings, and the special events join those of the greater distance. It has been a great experience watching the pano- rama unfold for almost fourteen years. Dr. Theodore M. Finney is the only other person who knows the vicissitudes and the wonders of the Chapel's life from its dedication; although others such as Dr. Win. R. Farmer, chaplain for over eight years, Organist Frederic W. Lotz, and Custodian Harry Harbison (who cares for the Chapel like a father tending his child) plus some outstanding hostesses and Chapel Choir members, have all played a notable part in some of the especially rich vistas. The past year was one of the most tranquil. For- tunately, the "Big Snow" of the year before, which forced the only postponement of Chapel Vespers in their history, and the rain-drenched Sundays of early ig51, did not interrupt the program. The leading clergymen of the various denominations in the Pitts- burgh area continued the tradition of great preaching which Dr. Farmer so well established for the Chapel pulpit. This was the fifth year of visiting speakers at Vesper Service. Each one gave generously of time and talent. We appreciate what they did. Despite weather, lunch hour, fifth hour classes, ROTC and other activity competition, and the real "commuter complex" of an urban campus, the half-hour student worship service at one P..M., Wednes- days, stayed on an even keel. Thanks for this is owed For summer study abroad, awards to 5.' Educational Ex- change Fund (second from left) Mrs. Lore Foltin, Mod. Lang.; M. E. Van Kirk, Office of Dean of Women; Prof. Richard McCoy, chemistry-Robert S. Marshall Memorial F,und for Classics, Students Evelyn Guss and Miriam Cokely. Dr. Watson Marshall stands at the left. The Chancellor is seated. (See Winter Pitt for complete story.) to members of the splendid corps of denominational chaplains which has been organized informally here at Pitt. Each man spoke once each semester and had a member of his student group as assistant leader. It is a source of regret to have such fine colleagues as the Reverend Messrs. Blaker, Hutchison, and Murtland leave our fellowship to go to other posts. Weddings continue to grow in importance as a major significance and usefulness. The assistant chaplain has enjoyed each wedding more than the last, contrary to most routine things, because of the new people, new happiness, unique details and op- portunity to give a young couple as memorable a start as possible. In the year there were 5I weddings. Too much cannot be said about what is really the heart of Chapel worship services-the untiring skill and loyalty of Dr. Finney and his wonderful students in the Choir. And the inspiration and balance of mind and soul to be derived from Frederic Lotz' one P.m. organ recitals Mondays, Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Fridays, is attracting an ever larger number. There is room for many more. It is good, too, that tape record- ings of these programs reach an international circle of listeners. Visitors to the Chapel, which has become a "must" for travellers in Pittsburgh from near and far, are left with a fund of information and appreciation derived from the competent graciousness of Mrs. Wettlaufer, the Chapel Hostess, and her group of student aides. The Chapel is frequently used for special occasions by individuals or organizations related to the Uni- versity. Witness to this would be the Masonic Service,

40 February 22, the Pennsylvania Medical Association Service, in September, the beautiful presentation of musical works ofda Victoria by Dr. Leopold Stokowsky last winter, and many others. So, it is to be hoped that another golden link has been added to a long chain of events and services. In the whole field of religion at Pitt the Heinz Memorial Chapel is a beautiful living center. NORMAN C. OCHSENHIRT U NIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH alumni, friends, and former patients of the late Dr. Norman C. Ochsenhirt have formed a committee to establish a Norman C. Ochsenhirt Memorial Fund. The fund will provide for the purchase of books for the University's dental and medical library in the field of Dr. Ochsenhirt's professional interest. This memorial gift to the li- brary will add to many books already given to the University by Dr. Ochsenhirt during his lifetime. Dr. Ochsenhirt, who died Thursday, July 24 of a heart attack, was professor of maxillo-facial surgery and anatomy at the University's School of Dentistry, an alumnus of the University's School of Medicine, and a one-time Pitt star athlete. For many years he was the Pirates' team physician. In 1950 he became president of the County Medical Society after serving as secretary for six years. He was a past president of the Pitt Letterman's Club and until recently their representative on the Pitt Athletic Policy Committee. Members of the committee for the Ochsenhirt Memorial, all personal friends of Dr. Ochsenhirt, are Dr. L. E. Van Kirk, dean of the School of Dentistry and a member of the Pitt Athletic Policy Committee; Dr. Joseph Finegold, of 5800 Fifth Avenue, a Pitts- burgh doctor, Pitt Medical School alumnus, and a special lecturer in the Dental School; Branch Rickey, executive vice president and general manager of the Pittsburgh Pirates; Dr. William B. Parsons, of 136 W. Swissvale Ave., Pittsburgh dentist, Pitt varsity letter- man, and Dental School graduate; Dr. W. F. Swanson, associate dean of the School of Dentistry; Dr. W. S. McEllroy, dean of the School of Medicine; and Mr. J. B. Nicklas, of 9i0 Osage Rd., Pittsburgh attorney and fellow alumnus. In discussing the plans of the committee Dr. Van Kirk said, 'The committee feels that the establish- ment of this endowment fund for books for the dental and medical school library would be an appropriate memorial to him because of his abiding interest in education. His influence felt by so many people through his teaching and other interests will be car- ried on through this gift of books which continues the practice which Dr. Ochsenhirt himself began of giv- ing books to the library." Library Notes MISS MARY ROBB has given $70.00 for the purchase of books in honor of Professors Warren Nystrom, Frederick Mayer, Ralph Ware, Putnam Jones, George Crouch, Ford Curtis, and Harold Schoenberger. Recent gifts of books to the Main Library include i,920 volumes from Dr. Norman C. Ochsenhirt and 140 volumes from the Pittsburgh Board of Education. The shelving capacity of the Main Library has been increased with the acquisition of a new room on the third floor. This brings to a total of five, the number of storage rooms available for overflow from the regular book stacks. The first reels of microfilm containing English literary periodicals of the i7th, i8th, and i9th centuries have been added to the microform collection of materials available in the Reference Department. More than 500 volumes on Spanish and Latin American literatures were purchased from the personal library of Dr. Michael DeVitis of the modern lan- guage department for addition to the Main Library. Contributions to the Sidney and Sadie Stark Book Fund now total some $95o.oo. Over 350 volumes have been purchased since the Fund was established in 950o. Each volume bears a special bookplate, the seal of the University and these words, "Sidney and Sadie Stark Book Fund, founded by their friends and family." Several long runs of important series have been added to the library including Historische Zeitschrift, Journal Asiatique, Rheinisches Museum ftr Philologie, Tyler's Quarterly Historical and Genealogical Maga- zine, Corpus Scriptorum Ecclesiasticorum Latinorum, Bulletin Biologique de la France et de la Belgique, and Publications of the Colonial Society of Massachusetts. A committee has been formed to establish a memo- rial to the late Professor A. L. Robinson, University Librarian. Friends and colleagues have been sending their contributions to Miss Lorena Garloch, assistant University librarian. The committee members are Pro- fessorsHenryFisher, KlausHofmann, and PutnamJones. Mr. Kenneth M. Gould, alumnus and editor-in- chief of Scholastic Magazines, represented Pitt at the inauguration of Lewis Webster Jones as president of Rutgers University on May 8, I_52.

STUDENT HOSTESS AWARDEES, 1952 REPORTS OF ENTHUSIASM, busy days, and many, many new experiences have reached the University from the two Student Hostess Awardees, Adele Marraccini and Elizabeth Pickering, who have spent the summer traveling and studying in Europe. In letters to Mrs. Ruth Crawford Mitchell, executive secretary of the Committee on Educational Exchange, the two girls have written their impressions of trips through England, Germany, The Netherlands, Italy, Switzerland, and Yugoslavia. Adele writes: "While I was in Munich I visited Herrenchiemsee, Ludwig II's castle with the concerts. I'll never forget it. They had 4,000 candles burning in the hall where the concert was held, and each chandelier was reflected in a double mirror that cast its reflection into infinity. There was a string quartet playing Haydn and Mozart, and it looked as if the candles were flickering in time to the music." From Italy: "My pension is very nice. . . . But at Penyia, the water is turned off every day at : :00 A.M. and isn't turned on again until 6:00 A.M. the next morning! Quite a thing for an American to get accustomed to." Of England, Betty writes: "In Sheffield we were farmed out in individual homes. It was so much nicer than being in a hotel and meant we had a far better chance to know and understand British people. ... Actually almost every moment there was spent study- ing British domestic policy, especially nationalization. We saw their steel mills, coal mines, law courts, schools, hospitals, and so on-in each place talking to both management and labor. All in all, when we left Sheffield we felt much more certain of what the British were like and what at least some of their problems were." Betty describes, in a letter from Padova, Italy, her visit with Adele and Mary Elizabeth Van Kirk, assistant to the dean of women, to the grave of Elena Piscopia, the first woman in the world to receive a degree from an institution of higher learning. (A mural of Elena Piscopia, done by Giovanni Romagnoli in 1949, decorates the rear wall of the University's Italian Room.) "I really intended to tell you about how smoothly everything went about Elena Piscopia . . . . First we went to the University [of Padova] library where the various manuscripts describing her examination are kept-the ones we read in translated form before we left. They also showed us a book of the songs, poems, and prayers written at her death and a biography of her published in English which they say can be pur- chased in Rome and Paris. . . . Then we went to the University where we were shown the places of par- ticular interest--and, especially, the statue of Elena at the foot of an arched staircase. "Then we went Out to the monastery. The monks were so kind and absolutely wonderful! They had Elena's grave surrounded by potted plants and tall candles. Betsy made a short speech and we laid three bouquets of flowers on the grave-white carnations and gladiolas tied with blue and gold ribbon. The Abbot thanked us and said he and the other monks would pray for the University, for the work it was doing in furthering intellectual and moral growth, and for the strengthening of such international bonds. Then he and several of the monks showed us the monastery... . They showed us rooms and rooms of beautiful paintings, mosaic work, wood carving, and some very old intarsia. In fact, they even unlocked the long drawers in which they keep the jeweled and gold- trimmed robes, took off the brown paper coverings, and carefully lifted them out that we might see and feel them. . . . When we left they invited us to come back to see a service. So this morning we went to their 8:30 Mass. It was lovely and I was so glad we were able to see them again. "This morning we went by bus to Venice . . we spent a very busy and very exhausting day there- Cathedrals, the Palace, shopping, the market, the tiny little twisty streets, and finally an hour and a half gondola ride. We were thrilled to find boats the sole means of transportation, the houses really built right down to the water, the rounded little bridges over the canals, the brilliant barber poles in front of every building, and all the many other things you always hope to find but are never certain will be there." Betty and Adele received the Nationality Room Committee's Student Hostess Award on Tap Day, May 7, 1952., for their outstanding service to the Uni- versity as student hostesses. This year, the fifth for the award to be given, was the first time two girls were given the opportunity for travel and study in Europe. Adele Marraccini returns from her trip to take up her duties as president of the Women's Self Govern- ment Association and member of Student Congress. She is majoring in bacteriology, and is a senior in The College. Betty Pickering, a senior in The College majoring in chemistry, will take up her duties as Chief Justice of Senior Court. Both girls are members of Mortar Board. Following their return in September, the girls will not yet have concluded their summer abroad. They will now have the responsibility and pleasure of re- porting their travels and experience to many through- out the coming year. -Lois FoIGHT

THE FORD FELLOW RICHARD C. SNYDER Student Advisor, The College A new sort of bird appeared on American college campuses last fall. Not the pigeon. Most schools have long surrendered eaves, window ledges, and scraps of lunch to the pigeon. We at the University of Pitts- burgh, who are hurried over Lilly Court by more than the wish to be on time for class, accept the pigeon as indigenous to the college scene without much com- plaint. This new species, however, presented new problems. It came from no one section of the country. Its migratory habits were exceedingly erratic. It was distinguished chiefly by its curiosity. Most of the birds were male; most of them were fairly young. I know, because I was one of them. Actually we were faculty members from colleges and universities all over the United States, enjoying fellowships awarded by The Fund for the Advance- ment of Education. For lack of a better name everyone called us Ford fellows, an inaccurate name, since The Fund is an independent entity, though it is sustained l)y grants from the Ford Foundation. Our fellowships were generous ones, providing a regular year's salary, plus travel expenses. The only requirement was that we do something to broaden our qualifications as college teachers. I elected to study the Humanities program in General Education at several leading uni- versities. Last October i, I flew to Chicago. At the University of Chicago and at the other schools I visited, I learned a great deal about the idea and practice of General Education, which it is not my aim to set forth here. What I should like to do is to give a few random impressions and to urge my colleagues at the University to consider the benefits of such a year for themselves. First of all, a random impression. At all of the schools I visited-Chicago, Columbia University, Princeton University, Harvard, Yale, Wellesley- I was delighted to see the students crowding into the libraries. The fact that these arc campus colleges in a truer sense than the University of Pittsburgh is prob- ably accounts for a large part of the high library attendance. Resident students are eager to find quiet places for study and writing, and they naturally turn to the libraries. For them the library is truly the heart of the campus. The new Harvey S. Firestone Memorial Library at Princeton is a scholar's dream as well as an architect's. Self-operating elevators carry students to every corner of the library, including the stacks. In the stacks, 5oo carrells are available for seniors and graduate students, and lounge chairs and couches are scattered about for other readers. There are also lounge rooms for those who wish to talk. Last year an attempt was made to end the library's day at io P.M. instead of midnight. Students protested so much that the present 8 A.M. to 12 P.M. schedule was resumed. Harvard has added a jewelbox of a library-the Houghton Library-to give an elegant environment to an elegant collection of manuscripts and rare books. It stands beside the Lamont Library (which offers students study booths and typing facilities) in the ivy-shade of the Widener Library, where the stack system is said to have originated. Yale too can "point with pride" to its beautiful Sterling Memorial Library, which has many familiar Gothic features. (These comments are not intended to open a more intensive library fund campaign on our own campus, though I have no objection if they do.) It was a gratifying experience to see these libraries in operation and the students using them fully. I know that some students went to the bamboo and glass interior of the Lamont Library for the same unscholarly reasons some head for the fifth floor of the Cathedral of Learning- for sleep, for romance, for escape from rain. But most of them seemed to go for hard work. If education is a private affair, as Professor Howard Mumford Jones claims, they are well on their way. This first impression suggests the personal benefits of a Ford fellowship. Since all my educational ex- periences had been at local schools and universities, the year "abroad" was stimulating in many ways. In one sense, my provincial background was an ad- vantage; it made me more impressionable. Even the teacher with a wider educational background can profit from the chance to talk over educational prob- lems with teachers from schools other than those he knows. The Ford fellowships are unique, insofar as I know, in giving teachers entree to such a variety of schools in one year. Of course, not all programs were so diversified as mine, but the teacher has the option of electing to do whatever he feels will make him a better teacher. The year's experiences made me re-evaluate my philosophy of education, look closely at the aims of the English courses I teach, and check my methods of teaching. Perhaps the chief benefit of my fellowship was this opportunity to take stock. It was reassuring to learn that the teacher leading a discussion at a Chicago round table, the teacher lecturing to hundreds on the cushioned pews of Harvard's Sanders Theater, and the teacher meeting with six or seven students in his Princeton office have many of the problems I have. I appreciated the differences too.

I was impressed by the sense of purpose in today's college student. Everywhere I went I found the same curiosity about values, reasons, ideas and the same scorn for the phony, however attractively presented, that our students at the University of Pittsburgh dis- play. The recent Time estimate of today's youth is accurate in its portrayal of him as one who is willing to serve rather than be served, once he is convinced of the need for service. Students in the Social Sciences at Yale were working enthusiastically and well on a project of local concern- the Connecticut Valley Authority. At Chicago students debated after class on the steps of Cobb Hall about the validity of Mrs. Alving's reason for poisoning Oswald and the validity of Pericles' arguments. These Chicago students had no doubts about their intellectual development; they were concerned about their social, emotional, and moral development. They were not so dispassionate as Time pictured them. The Chicago students argued fiercely about the dismissal of a student newspaper editor who has just returned from East Berlin. At Columbia the boys' springtime fancy led them to a panty raid on Barnard; at Harvard student spirits overflowed in the Pogo riots. Several other student activities of a more serious nature impressed me. One was the report each student in Columbia College presents to the dean during his sophomore year. It deals with his vocational am- bitions, his family background so far as it is pertinent to his educational plans, his impressions of the direc- tion in which the College has influenced him during the first two years, and his idea of what he ought to do during the last two collegiate years. This report is a great aid in guiding the student to his work in the upper College and to his career. It aids too in measur- ing the effectiveness of the College education. Another worthwhile student activity is the Student Council Report, which appears annually on the Harvard campus and which represents a tremendous amount of energy and interest. This year's report pre- sented an analysis of General Education at Harvard by five seniors on the Council. These students began by reading General Education in a Free Society and inter- viewing President Conant, Provost Bush, and nine professors. They sent questionnaires to all the section men in G. E. courses in the spring of 1950-5I and to a random sample of one-fifth on the seniors, juniors, and sophomores in the College; 410 students furnished the statistics for the analysis. The report-75 pages long-presents a statement of the nature and aims of General Education at Harvard, a study of the G. E. courses from the instructors' view and from the stu- dents' view, with specific recommendations for im- provement, and detailed comments on the success of General Education and the practicability of the Gen- eral Education requirement. The value of such activity to the student and to the administrator is evident. For many years these men have set up Commencement, and kept the campus green and pleasant for teachers and students at Pitt. These few remarks are the results of one man's Odyssey. They are purely personal reactions, limited by a time factor. Limited too, paradoxically, by the freedom the fellowship holder has in going from campus to campus. It is difficult to learn much about anything from just a short view. One visit to a dis- cussion or a lecture is not sufficient to gauge its quality. For that reason I spent the entire fall quarter on the University of Chicago campus, and most of the spring semester on the Harvard campus. Thus I was able to become a part of the schools. At Chicago I enrolled in a seminar on the problems of college and university teaching; there I met the other Ford fellow- ship holders on campus, the Carnegie interns, and a number of graduate students. I talked with other teachers, sat in on staff meetings, visited whatever classes I pleased, each usually for the sequence of a unit. For me, as for every student, the problem of profiting from my education was an individual one. Administrators were friendly and co-operative. Some were puzzled just what to do with this new species. But all encouraged it. All I had to do was suggest what I thought would be profitable. Since the com- mittee on administration of The Fund for the Ad- vancement of Education has voted to offer the fellow- ships a second year, there is not much chance of the species' becoming extinct. I hope not, for the fellow- ships are a wonderful opportunity for personal and professional development. EDITOR'S NOTE THE mailing lists for PITT are being revised and brought up to date. We ask your help. Please fill out the slip enclosed in this copy and return it promptly.

!I Four plates by Wedgwood; designed and drawn by Theodore Bowman (borders, replica of stone carvings, Heinz Chapel); price $io (set of 4) plus $i. o o for packaging and postage. On the reverse side of each plate is the Wedgwood imprint, Seal of the University, and 'limited first edition.' Orders received, in the Alumni Office. Dean Vincent W. Lanfear, School of Business Administra- Dr. Emory Wylie Luccock, University Chaplain. His tion, Summer Commencement Speaker. Graduates.- College appointment re-emphasiZes the University three-area pro- I27; Engin. and Mines 45; Bus. Ad. 48; Ed. 53; Nursing gram: opportunity for worship, student religious activities, 13; Soc. Work i Grad. 364. religious education courses.

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