Guides to Archives and Manuscript Collections at the University of Pittsburgh Library System
 

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Collection Inventory

Series I. African Americans and the Left

Scope and Content Notes:

This series focuses on the role African Americans played in leftist movements and on left wing support for campaigns against racist practices and for Black civil rights, including the major role Communism played in the Civil Rights Movement before the 1950s, and influence of Black Liberation on the New Left. While the Socialist Party gave nominal rhetorical support to racial equality, most Socialist Party leaders considered racial discrimination (or gender, ethnic, or religious discrimination) as distinctly secondary to the class struggle, and a significant minority within the Party harbored racist views. Blacks folks suffered, SP leaders argued, primarily because their labor was exploited and that would only be solved by socialism.

Communists, in contrast, stressed the importance of racial discrimination, saw combatting racism as a prerequisite to progress on all other issues, and insisted on individual personal commitment to antiracism as a non-negotiable part of adherence to Party discipline. While advocacy by Black activists contributed to this posture, it resulted primarily from positions developed within the Communist International (Comintern) and pushed by key Soviet leaders such as Lenin and Stalin. Communists considered the problems of African-Americans as a special case of what they called the “national question,” that is the national aspirations of ethnic groups and peoples suffering discrimination and denial of rights because of their domination within colonial empires or within multi-ethnic European Empires such as the German, Austro-Hungarian, and Russian Empires. Communist concern with the national question derived mainly from two influences. First, the Soviet state incorporated the many discontented national groups of the Russian Empire forcing Soviet leaders to develop a national policy. They responded by creating a series of nominally independent ethnic republics or autonomous regions and reinventing the state as a theoretically egalitarian union of these republics. Second, Communists considered the massive popular discontent of colonial peoples as the Achilles heel of world capitalism and a great political opportunity to expand their global influence. Soviet and Comintern efforts attracted the attention of many prominent anticolonial leaders including a group of Black intellectuals who developed to develop the ideal and program of Pan-Africanism. While many Pan-Africanists eventually became disillusioned with Communism, this overlap between Communism and Pan-Africanism had enduring influence on Black nationalists within the United States into the 1960s even after the CPUSA ceased to be an even minimally viable organization.

New Left concern with civil rights and Black liberation derived first from the inspirational role of the Civil Rights movement, and second from the way the US participation in the War in Vietnam made activists aware of the problems of colonialism, imperialism, and relationships between developed and underdeveloped countries. New Leftists, inspired by Pan-Africanism (in some cases without full awareness of the history of these formulations) tended to think of African-Americans as a colonial people marooned within in the imperialist metropole.

Box 1
Folder 1 Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) Flyer
Folder 2 Songs of the Southern Freedom Movement, We Shall Overcome! compiled by Guy and Candie Carawan for The Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee, 1963
Folder 3 The Truth About Columbia Tennessee Cases
Folder 4 Three Associated Press Photographs of African American Communist Angelo Herndon, Mid 1930's
Folder 5 Jim Crow "Justice" In Korea, The Case of Lieutenant Leon Gilbert
Folder 6 In Defense of Negro Rights, by Benjamin J. Davis, January 1950
Folder 7 The Negro People in the struggle for Peace and Freedom, By Benjamin J. Davis, February 1951
Folder 8 The Negro People on the March, Report to the National Committee of the Communist Party, U.S.A., by Benjamin J. Davis, August 1956
Folder 9 The Historic Fight to Abolish School Segregation in the United States, by Doxey A. Wilkerson
Folder 10 "The Negro Question", Outline and Study-Guide for Five-Session Course, January 1949
Folder 11 Negro History Week, 1950
Folder 12 Negro History Week, 1951
Folder 13 Negro History Week, 1952
Folder 14 Negro History Week, February 1954
Folder 15 Umbra, December, 1963
Folder 16 Umbra Anthology, 1967-1968
Folder 17 This Man Will Die Unless You Help
Folder 18 The Cruel and Unusual Punishment of Henry Winston, by Mike Newberry
Folder 19 "Resolutions from the American Negro Leadership Conference on Africa", September 24-27, 1964
Folder 20 The White Problem
Folder 21 Letter from Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., April 1968
Folder 22 Memo to contributors from the SCLC Staff, April 1968
Folder 23 "Negroes Beaten in Grenada School Integration" New York Times article, Tuesday, September 13, 1966
Folder 24 Michael Zinzun for the 55th Assembly District campaign pamphlet
Folder 25 "Black Party Founding Convention" flyer, 1980
Folder 26 "Hear the Communist Candidates" flyer
Folder 27 "Hot Thang---Bar-B-Q" Flyer, 1972
Folder 28 The Road to Liberation for the Negro People, September 1937
Folder 29 "Rally For Youth Rights" Flyer
Folder 30 Justice For All Humanity, Colored America Answers the Challenge of Pearl S. Buck
Folder 31 Africa Fights for Freedom, by Alphaeus Hunton, March 1950
Folder 32 David P. Widamen For Congress 4th Congressional District Progressive Party Ticket Campaign Pamphlet
Folder 33 Vote for a Fighter against War and Racism, Jarvis Tyner, Communist Candidate for Vice-President
Folder 34 "Theoretical Aspects of the Negro Question in the United States"
Folder 35 The New Secession- And How To Smash It, Riding to Freedom, by Herbert Aptheker and James E. Jackson, June 1961
Folder 36 Forces of Progress in the South, Workers, Farmers, and the Negro People, by Jim Jackson, 1955
Folder 37 American Imperialism and White Chauvinism, by Herbert Aptheker
Folder 38 FEPC, How it was Betrayed, How it can be Saved, By Rob Fowler Hall, February 1950
Folder 39 "The Time is Now! Mr. President Wipe Out Slums and Ghettos! Billions for Life-Not Death!" Open Letter
Folder 40 "Program to End Ghettos and Fight Poverty" Flyer
Folder 41 The Road to Negro Liberation, Report to the Eighth Convention of the Communist Party of the U.S.A., by Harry Haywood, June 1934
Folder 42 Some Aspects of the Negro Question in the United States, by James E. Jackson, July 1959
Folder 43 Now is the Time, by M.E. Travis
Folder 44 Let Freedom Ride the Rails
Folder 45 Negro Freedom is in the Interest of Every American, by Gus Hall, July 1964
Folder 46 The Party of Negro and White, By Pettis Perry, March, 1953
Folder 47 Marxism and Negro Liberation, by Gus Hall, May 1951
Folder 48 "Marxism and the Negro Question"
Folder 49 American Negro Problems
Folder 50 The Struggle for Afro-American Liberation
Folder 51 Negro Representation Now!, by Elaine Ross
Folder 52 The Communist Position on the Negro Question
Folder 53 On Certain Aspects of Bourgeois Nationalism Pamphlet
Folder 54 Negro-White Unity, by Henry Winston, February 1967
Folder 55 For These Things We Fight Pamphlet
Folder 56 The Jobless Negro, by Elizabeth Lawson
Folder 57 Black Coal Miners in the United States, by Paul Nyden
Folder 58 The People Versus Segregated Schools, by Doxey A. Wilkerson, February 1955
Folder 59 The Jerry Newson Story..., by Buddy Green and Steve Murdock, October 1950
Folder 60 Behind the Florida Bombings, Who Killed NAACP Leader Harry T. Moore and his wife?, by Joseph North, February 1952
Folder 61 Behind the Lynching of Emmet Louis Till, by Louis Burnham, December 1955
Folder 62 The Killing of William Milton, by Art Shields, September 1948
Folder 63 Lynching and Frame-Up in Tennessee, by Robert Minor, October 1946
Folder 64 Stop Police Brutality, March 1952
Folder 65 The Position of Negro Women, by Eugene Gordon and Cyril Briggs, February 1935
Folder 66 The Communist Part and the Emancipation of the Negro People, by Earl Browder
Folder 67 "Theoretical Aspects of the Negro Question in the United States"
Folder 68 "Henry Winston Meets Angela Davis", by Gene Tournour
Folder 69 The Negro Today, by Herbert Aptheker, 1962
Folder 70 The Story of Discrimination in Government Pamphlet
Folder 71 The Shadow of the South is On Our Shops! Pamphlet
Folder 72 "Who are the Friends of the Negro People?", by C.A. Hathaway
Folder 73 Official Proceedings of the Second All-Southern Negro Youth Conference, May 1938
Folder 74 Democracy vs. Force and Violence!
Folder 75 "Negro Workers! White Workers! Organize and Fight Against Lynching!" Flyer, 1930
Folder 76 The Communist Position on the Negro Question, February 1947
Folder 77 World Problems of the Negro People
Folder 78 Negro Representation- A Step Towards Negro Freedom, by Pettis Perry, March 1952
Folder 79 The Government Takes a Hand in the Cotton-Patch, by George Anstrom, November 1933
Folder 80 The Legacy of Slavery and the Roots of Black Nationalism, by Eugene D. Genovese
Folder 81 On the Struggle for Peace and Freedom, by Benjamin J. Davis, Jr.
Folder 82 "Call for Truth! To Silence Racist Ravings"
Folder 83 "Make the March a Million Strong!"
Folder 84 "Bibliography on the Negro Question", June 1950
Folder 85 Black Workers in Revolt Pamphlet, by Robert Dudnick
Folder 86 The General Policy Statement and Labor Program of the League of Revolutionary Black Workers
Folder 87 Eldon Ave. Revolutionary Union Movement Pamphlets (2)
Folder 88 El Rum Pamphlets (4)
Folder 89 Uni Rum Pamphlet
Folder 90 Me Rum Pamphlet
Folder 91 Frum Pamphlet
Folder 92 League of Revolutionary Black Workers on Repression Speech, by Kenneth Cockrel
Folder 93 To the Point...Of Production, An Interview with John Watson
Folder 94 "Core Demands to Board of Education", September 3, 1963
Folder 95 Spear: Who is James Johnson Pamphlet, 1971
Folder 96 Spear, V.1, N.1, 1969
Folder 97 Drum: Wildcat Strike, 1968
Folder 98 Drum: Challenge, 1968
Folder 99 Drum: Drum's Candidate, 1969
Folder 100 Drum: Hoover Road, 1969
Folder 101 Drum: Lily White--Super Right, 1969
Folder 102 Drum: The Root of Racism, 1969
Folder 103 Drum: What Has Drum Done?, 1969
Folder 104 Drum: All Out in the Wash, 1970
Folder 105 Drum Hail James Johnson, 1970
Folder 106 Drum: Walter Reuther is Dead and So is the U.A.W. Contract, 1970
Folder 107 Cooley High Black Student Voice, November 5, 1970
Folder 108 Black Student Voice: "Black Voice of Revolution", 1969
Folder 109 "Elect Claude Lightfoot" Flyer, 1932
Folder 110 The Spirit of George Jackson Pamphlet, September 1972
Folder 111 Why Negroes Should oppose the War Pamphlet, 1940
Folder 112 Printed Invitation to 23rd Testimonial Dinner of the Los Angeles Committee for the Defense of the Bill of Rights, 1973
Folder 113 Invitation to 20th Annual Banquet of the Los Angeles Committee for the Defense of the Bill of Rights, October 20, 1970
Folder 114 "Save Fletcher Mills" Flyer, June 13, 1952
Folder 115 Dixie Comes to New York: Story of the Freeport GI Slayings Pamphlet, 1946
Folder 116 The Monroe Kidnapping Newsletter, November 1961
Folder 117 Vigilante Terror in Fontana: The Tragic Story of O'Day H. Short and His Family Pamphlet, February 1946
Folder 118 "From Lynch Threat to Frame-Up" Flyer
Folder 119 "For Immediate Release" memo, October 15 1970
Folder 120 Special Report, Lunch- Counter Desegregation in Corpus Christi, Galveston, and San Antonio, Texas, by Kenneth Moreland, May 10, 1960
Folder 121 Unfinished Revolution, by Tom Kahn, 1960
Folder 122 From Protest to Politics: The Future of the Civil Rights Movement, by Bayard Rustin, February 1965

Box 13
Folder 1 Flyer advertising a demonstration referred to as the "Mass Funeral"
Folder 2 "Vote Negroes Into Office" Flyer
Folder 3 "Parade and Demonstrate" Flyer
Folder 4 History of the American Negro People, 1619-1918, 1941
Folder 5 "International Black Workers Congress" Draft Proposal
Folder 6 "Young Negro Workers! Fight Against Bosses Wars!" Flyer for youth rally
Folder 7 "The Negro People in the United States, Facts for all Americans", 1953
Folder 8 Inner-City Voice, April 1, 1970
Folder 9 Inner-City Voice, July 15, 1970
Folder 10 Inner-City Voice, November-December, 1970
Folder 11 Inner-City Voice, February, 1971
Folder 12 Assorted Information Regarding the Various Protests of Black Workers (Detroit Automobile Factory Workers in Particular)
Folder 13 Assorted Information Regarding Black Revolutionary Activities
Folder 14 Assorted Information Regarding Black Revolutionary Activities
Folder 15 Take Howard Out of the National Student Federation
Folder 16 A Call for a Petition Campaign and Youth March
Folder 17 "Guilty of Being a Negro"
Folder 18 Ernestine L. Rose, "Her Address on the Anniversary of West Indian Emancipation", 1949
Folder 19 Coming! W.E.B. DuBois
Folder 20 Los Angeles Congress of Racial Equality Active membership Bulletin
Folder 21 Angela Davis Newsletter
Folder 22 All Night Vigil, October 24, 1963
Folder 23 "Free Angela Davis" Flyer ca. 1971
Folder 24 "Calendar of a Frame-Up" Flyer, 1971
Folder 25 "People Against Racism" Newsletter, 1968
Folder 26 "My Friends" Native Son, 1940
Folder 27 "Serve The People" Black Panther Flyer, 1970
Folder 28 "Don't Buy At Thriftmart," ca. 1964

Series II. Anarchists

Scope and Content Notes:

Several waves of anarchists participated in left-wing movements in the U.S., sometimes in tension with the Marxists who led the SPUSA, the CPUSA, and other left-wing organizations. From the late 1800s through the 1930s anarcho-communists predominated in anarchist circles. Like Marxists they considered private capital ownership inherently exploitative, but since they considered all authority illegitimate they criticized Marxists’ commitment to state ownership of the means of production. Other tendencies including syndicalism, communitarianism, and individualist libertarianism also influenced anarchist thought and practice.

Anarchist influence declined after the 1920s but small circles persisted not only preserving the anarchist tradition, but also developing new ideas that would become influential with the rebirth of anarchism in the 1960s. More recently many young anarchists seeking intellectual inspiration have gravitated toward anarchism in part because of the perceived intellectual and moral exhaustion of the Marxist tradition.

Although the collection includes examples from all of these waves of anarchism, anarchist materials are under-represented in the American Left Ephemera Collection because they could not match the resources of organizations like the SPUSA or CPUSA or even the Trotskyist parties so nearly all the material they produced appeared in very small numbers and has not been widely preserved.

Box 1
Folder 123 Alternative, V1, N3, June 1948
Folder 124 Alternative, V1, N6, November 1948
Folder 125 Alternative, V1, N9, February 1949
Folder 126 Alternative, V2, N1, May-June 1949
Folder 127 Alternative, V2. N2, October 1949
Folder 128 Alternative, V2. N3, November 1949
Folder 129 Alternative, V2. N6, February 1950
Folder 130 Alternative, V2. N7, March 1950
Folder 131 Anarcho-Syndicalist Review, 2007
Folder 132 IMPACT, The Religious Right: Corrupting the Cross and the Constitution, 2006
Folder 133 IMPACT, 2006
Folder 134 Sling Shot, 2008
Folder 135 Profane Existence - Issue #6, October-November 1990
Folder 136 Workers Democracy - Vol. 2 No. 3, September 2001
Folder 137 Soapbox - Vol. 7 Issue 3, June 2007
Folder 138 Slug + Lettuce - Issue #88, Summer 2006
Folder 139 Radical Def - Issue #6, Summer 2001
Folder 140 Fifth Estate - Vol. 39 No. 1, Spring 2004
Folder 141 The Insurgent - Vol. 18 No. 2, January 2007
Folder 142 Econews - Vol. 37 No. 7, August 2007

Box 13
Folder 29 Libertat, Butletti interior d'informancio de la Associacio Catalana d'ex-presos politics, May-June, 1978
Folder 30 Mother Earth, Vol. XI No. 3, June 1916
Folder 31 Mother Earth, Vol. XI No. 4, July 1916
Folder 32 Black Star, Vol. 1 No. 1, ca. 1975
Folder 33 The Road to Freedom Newspaper, March, 1928

Series III. Anti-War Propaganda

Scope and Content Notes:

Four waves of peace and antiwar activity played major roles within the twentieth century American Left. First Socialists before and during WW1 opposed military preparation and American participation in the war after 1917. In the 1930s revulsion against the memory of WW1 and fear that the world was drifting towards an even more devastating world war fueled large scale antiwar and peace agitation. Antiwar activity overlapped with antifascism (as in the title of one of the largest organizations—The League Against War and Fascism) because activists perceived the militarized fascist right as the primary source of war threats. College students played a key role in the movement circulating mass petitions urging draft refusal and staging several one day national strikes for peace. In the late 1950s and early 1960s the biggest focus of peace agitation was nuclear disarmament, but by the late 1960s opposition to the War in Vietnam predominated. Peace and antiwar agitation continued through subsequent decades but never reached the levels of mass support of these earlier waves. Communists also campaigned actively for peace in the late 1940s and 1950s and opposed US participation in the Korean War, but they did not generate mass support because most Americans, including those who also opposed the Korean War, believed that Communist antiwar efforts were motivated by support for Soviet national interests rather than a more general commitment to peace.

The American Left Ephemera collection includes items from of all of these eras. Communist material from the Cold War and Korean War are overrepresented, compared to the support they actually commanded, because even as the Party declined, it still had sufficient resources to support substantial publication of its materials.

Box 1
Folder 143 "Address of Dr. Harry F. Ward American Congress for Peace and Democracy", January 7, 1939
Folder 144 "Summary of Proceedings of American Congress for Peace and Democracy", January 13, 1939
Folder 145 "Proposed Draft of Revised Constitution of the American League for Peace and Democracy for Discussion at the Congress"
Folder 146 The World Congress Against War, August 27-29, 1932
Folder 147 The American Struggle for Peace, 1952
Folder 148 A Key to Survival, by Margret Hofmann, 1962
Folder 149 The Dean of Canterbury To the People of America, "We Can Keep Peace"
Folder 150 "Sure, War is Hell! But What Can You Do About It?, The Reverse Side of This Leaflet Tells What You Can Do About It...", March 13, 1953
Folder 151 Southern California Peace Crusade, "Peace with Jobs!", 1953
Folder 152 "Memo from a Veteran Who's Still Fighting"
Folder 153 National Defense, by John Franklin, April 1936
Folder 154 Which Way for Young Americans?, by Gus Hall, October 1950
Folder 155 "Meet Your Local Merchant of Death", compiled By Narmic, June 1977
Folder 156 "Stop Iran Iraq War, Iran-Iraq Peace Movement..." Sticker
Folder 157 "Damage Report, How Reagan Administration has hurt workers, the needy, the elderly...enriched the rich, Big Oil, the corporations, AFL-CIO Solidarity Party", September 19, 1981
Folder 158 "The Cruise Missile", by Dan Smith, 1977
Folder 159 $222 Billion Dollars
Folder 160 Assorted Holiday Cards for Peace
Folder 161 "American League for Peace and Democracy Report" by Russell Thayer, Acting Executive Secretary, 1938
Folder 162 Assorted Flyers Petitioning Against the Fleet of 244 B-1 Bombers
Folder 163 Antiwar Speak out Flyer
Folder 164 From Korean Truce to World Peace, by Robert Mann
Folder 165 The American People Want Peace, A Survey of Public Opinion, by Jessica Smith, 1955
Folder 166 The Atomic Arming of the West German Federal Republic- An Imminent Danger To Peace, 1964
Folder 167 Guns are Ready, by Seymour Waldman, January 1935
Folder 168 How to Keep America Out of War, by Kirby Page, 1939
Folder 169 The Price of Peace, by E. Guy Talbott, 1935
Folder 170 "Peace- The Present Imperative"
Folder 171 "Black Shirt Black Skin", by Boake Carter
Folder 172 Military "Glory" in the Colleges, by Paul Blanshard, February 18, 1925
Folder 173 The Menace of a New World War, January, 1936
Folder 174 "Hell in the Heavens", June 1931
Folder 175 Selections from War Without Violence, By Krishnalal Shridharani, 1939
Folder 176 "Program for Governmental Action To Keep The United States Out of War and War Out of the World", Mid 1930's
Folder 177 A Call To Peace Now, A Message to the Society of Friends, by Dorothy Hutchinson
Folder 178 Keep America Out of War
Folder 179 Report to FDR, Documentary Evidence on the Origins of the Cold War, 1955
Folder 180 Is Disarmament Possible?
Folder 181 "The United States and Disarmament", 1931

Box 13
Folder 34 Drive the Snakes Out of El Salvador; St. Patrick's Day Benefit Flyer, 1981
Folder 35 Peace Pipe, 1962
Folder 36 "Peace Walk to the World's Fair", May 5, 1962
Folder 37 "Friends! We Need Your Help!"
Folder 38 Stop The U.S. War in El Salvador, March 27, 1982
Folder 39 "Protest Protest Protest Kirkpatrick Visit" Flyer, April 26, 1981
Folder 40 This Administration Has Declared War On Americans, 1981
Folder 41 An Evening of Solidarity With The People of El Salvador, March 23 1982
Folder 42 "No More Three Mile Islands U.S. Out of El Salvador" Flyer, 1981

Series IV. Christian Socialism

Scope and Content Notes:

Both the Marxist and anarchist traditions usually opposed religion because they conceived of rationalism as the only path to human liberation. Religion, they argued, befuddled the masses in two ways. First, by basing itself on the supernatural, religion encouraged irrational thinking and discouraged the masses from developing rational capacities. Second, by promising rewards in a future life for dutiful behavior in this life, religion encouraged passivity and discouraged protest. However, these arguments ignored how radical social movements had been inspired by egalitarian elements in Judeo-Christian theology from the peasant wars of the late Middle Ages and early Renaissance mobilized by dissenting Protestants and heretical Catholics to the radical wing of the English civil war inspired by radical Christian sects to the abolitionist movement in which evangelical Christians had played an overwhelming role.

Two significant cohorts of Christian Socialists operated within the orbit of the major left-wing movements from the 1890s through the 1960s: Protestants influenced by Social Gospel Protestantism and Catholics influenced by liberation theology. Both argued that the moral visions of socialism and Christianity overlapped and that you could not be a true Christian in the modern world unless you committed yourself to social and economic justice. The first group formed a Christian Socialist Fellowship affiliated with the Socialist Party that published The Christian Socialist and encouraged ministers to seek Socialist Party nominations for public office. Some of the most prominent Socialist politicians were ministers and members of the Christian Socialist Fellowship including George R. Lunn, mayor of Schenectady ,N.Y. and J. Stitt Wilson, mayor of Berkeley, Cal.

While several individual Catholic priests also supported the Socialist Party and the IWW, they faced concerted opposition from an overwhelmingly anti-socialist church hierarchy. Catholic support for the left expanded in the 1930s when Dorothy Day’s Catholic Worker movement garnered support not only among lay Catholics but also among some members of the Church hierarchy. Both the rise of the CIO and the emergence of the Popular Front in the late 1930s offered more political space for radical Catholics. The former involved massive strikes and protests by industrial workers who were disproportionately Catholic and expected Church validation for their actions. The Popular Front made collaboration between religious and non-religious agitators less problematic because the Communists toned down their inflammatory rhetoric and actively sought alliance with anyone who would work with them.

By the 1960s liberation theology had become a mass movement in Latin America and radical Catholics could take prominent roles in both the Civil Rights movement and the antiwar movement without fearing retaliation from the Church. Religion also, perhaps, fit in with 1960s protest because of protestors’ widespread interest in mysticism and spirituality.

Box 1
Folder 182 The Christian Socialist Newspaper
Folder 183 The Kingdom of God and Socialism, by Rev. Robert M. Webster, June 1903
Folder 184 A Christian View of Socialism, by G.H. Strobell
Folder 185 The Melish Case, Challenge to the Church, 1949
Folder 186 The Profits of Religion
Folder 187 "Peace on Earth...", by Rev. Clarence E. Duffy, Priest of the Catholic Church, 1952
Folder 188 I Saw the Morning Break, The Church of the People
Folder 189 A Worker Looks at Jesus, by David Grant
Folder 190 "Christian Pacifist Faith"- An Affirmation
Folder 191 A Christian Approach to Nuclear War
Folder 192 The Relation of Religion to Social Ethics, 1901
Folder 193 Constitution of the United People's Church
Folder 194 United People's Church of Pittsburgh

Series V. Citizens Party

Scope and Content Notes:

Dissatisfaction with the Carter administration led a diverse array of activists to form the Citizen’s Party in 1980 around a program combining environmentalism with calls for “economic democracy.” The party nominated environmentalist Barry Commoner for president. Commoner’s candidacy initially attracted both press coverage and endorsements by several prominent labor leaders and liberal Democratic elected officials, but the campaign was not well-organized and many initial supporters ending up voting for Carter out of fear of a Reagan victory. Commoner received only 221,000 votes. A handful of party candidates won local offices in 1980 and after, but the 1984 Citizen’s Party presidential candidate, Sonia Johnson, received less than a third of Commoner’s total (72,000) and the party disbanded. In Pennsylvania the Citizen’s Party achieved ballot status in the Consumer Party’s (a previously existing Philadelphia based) third party line.

Box 1
Folder 195 Platform of the Citizens/Consumer Party as adopted at Party Convention April 1980
Folder 196 Vote Consumer for a Change, 1980
Folder 197 "Vote for a Real Alternative in 1980!" Flyer, 1980
Folder 198 "John Zingaro ...a Consumer voice on City Council" Flyer, 1980
Folder 199 The Citizens Party News Bulletin, June 17, 1981
Folder 200 Flyer for the Consumer-Citizens Party Presidential Candidate Barry Commoner
Folder 201 Flyer for a Free Concert in Support of John Zingaro, the Consumer Party Candidate for Pittsburgh City Council
Folder 202 Flyer for Pittsburgh Consumer Party's Bastille Day Celebration
Folder 203 Flyer for Consumer/Citizens Party, 1978
Folder 204 Consumer Party 1980 Campaign Flyer

Series VI. Communists and Civil Liberties

Scope and Content Notes:

Communists and their supporters issued most of the items in this section during the period following World War II when the Federal Government, several state governments, and numerous private organizations began systematic surveillance, prosecution, and harassment of Communist Party members, close fellow travelers, and former Communists suspected of still harboring sympathy for communism. While many observers call this the McCarthy Era, after Wisconsin Senator Joseph McCarthy who garnered substantial publicity for his speeches asserting the threat of a Communist conspiracy within the Federal government, the repression began well before McCarthy’s first major speech on the question in 1950 and continued well after his censure for procedural excesses in 1954.

Federal prosecutors used three legal strategies to pursue Communists: indictment under the 1941 Smith Act (which made it a crime to conspire to advocate overthrow of the government—a legal subterfuge designed to find a way around Bill of Rights protections for speech and association); actions to revoke citizenship and deport foreign born Communists (under clauses of the immigration laws that made advocacy of violent overthrow of the government grounds for denying or revoking citizenship), and prosecution for failing to fulfill the demands of several Federal laws that required Communists and Communist front groups to register as agents of a foreign power (which, if carried out, opened those who did so to other prosecutions). In addition widespread hearings on Un-Americanism threatened those called to testify with a legal double threat. Much of the public viewed pleading the Fifth Amendment equivalent to a guilty plea, and employers frequently fired individuals who did so. But individuals who answered any question forfeited rights to refuse to answer any subsequent question and faced indictment and imprisonment for contempt of Congress if they did so. Both state and Federal governments also instituted loyalty oaths as conditions of public employment. Employees who refused to sign would be dismissed. Those who did so but were subsequently revealed to be Communists could be indicted for perjury. Private employers supplemented prosecution by denying employment to individuals known or suspected of Communist membership or sympathy. While the blacklist in the entertainment industry has been the most closely studied part of this phenomenon, the FBI routinely informed all major employers of suspected individuals employed by their firms and most employers fired such people. The FBI also released the names and addresses of suspected Communists to daily newspapers that subsequently published the lists. Individuals whose names appeared faced not only loss of employment, but also social ostracism, physical attack, and vandalism to their homes and automobiles.

Communists used three primary rhetorical approaches to seek public support in their battles against prosecution and harassment. First, they argued that their espousal of revolution was open and public, not conspiratorial, and purely rhetorical. Indeed, they vigorously opposed individual acts of violence, such as the bombings as “propaganda of the deed” advocated by some anarchists. None of the indictments against them, they pointed out, cited any specific violent acts. Second, they argued that they were a legitimate political party, functionally equivalent to the Democratic and Republican Parties. Finally they argued that harassment of Communists for their controversial views threatened the civil liberties of all Americans and stifled public discussion and thought. The first two defenses were probably valid descriptions of the frame of mind and intentions of the bulk of rank and file Communists, but prosecutors had no trouble demonstrating that Communist propaganda had frequently advocated violent revolution in the past and the necessity of revolutionary violence was a central contention of core Marxist-Leninist texts. Moreover, prosecutors had evidence (though they sometimes hesitated to present it in open court for fear of revealing details of the intelligence apparatus) that Party leaders and dozens of Party members had participated in Soviet espionage. The Communists’ third argument—that anticommunist repression stifled civil liberties and public discourse for non-Communists was true—but Communists found that liberals who they expected to support their defense on such grounds frequently refused to do so not only because of fear that they too would thereby invite harassment on themselves, but also because the Communists’ long history of sudden shifts in their public positions and vitriolic sectarian denunciations of political competitors had fundamentally undermined Communists’ credibility.

Box 1
Folder 205 Treason in Congress, The Record of the Un-American Activities Committee, by Albert E. Kahn
Folder 206 The Schneiderman Case, United States Supreme Court Opinion with an Introduction by Carol King, August 1943

Box 2
Folder 1 Documents Regarding Harry F. Ward from the Committee to Investigate Un-American Activities
Folder 2 Hearings Before the Committee on Un-American Activities, House of Representatives, Eighty-Fifth Congress, First Session, 1957
Folder 3 Democracy, Civil Rights and Liberty in Connecticut, by Daniel Howard, 1958
Folder 4 The Mine Mill Conspiracy Case, by Sidney Lens
Folder 5 "Democracy Should Begin At Home"
Folder 6 America's Thought Police, October 1947
Folder 7 "Happy Birthday" Postcard Issued by the National Conference to Win Amnesty for Smith Act Victims
Folder 8 Freedoms and Foreign Policy, by Owen Lattimore
Folder 9 Amnesty!, by Marion Bachrach, December 1952
Folder 10 What Everyone Should Know About the "Bill of Rights" and other Constitutional Guarantees of Individual Freedom, A Scriptographic Study Unit, 1969
Folder 11 Censored News Of Your America, Will America Become a Land of Whispers?, September 1950
Folder 12 Citizens Without Rights
Folder 13 What Kind of Teachers for your Child, The Facts Behind the Suspension of 8 Excellent Teachers, May 1950
Folder 14 The Right to Travel, by Corliss Lamont, 1957
Folder 15 The Case of the Stubborn Editor
Folder 16 Note of Resignation to the Belamy Club from Edith Rickard
Folder 17 "A Dangerous Woman", Stella Petrosky Held for Deportation, by Sprad, June 1936
Folder 18 What Political Prisoners Do We Defend? Pamphlet
Folder 19 The Bill of Rights in Danger!, by Robert W. Dunn, January 1940
Folder 20 Civil Liberties in the U.S.A., A Short History of the Origin and Defense of the Bill of Rights, by S. Small
Folder 21 The Big Plot, Proof of the Justice Department's Plan to Jail 21, 105 Americans
Folder 22 Fellow Citizens: Our husbands are in prison!...
Folder 23 Digest of Amicus Curiae Brief to the United Supreme Court on the Constitutionality of the Internal Security Act of 1950 in the case of Communist Party of the U.S.A. v. Subversive Activities Control Board
Folder 24 The Twelve and You, What Happens to Democracy is your business, too!, by Elizabeth Gurley Flynn
Folder 25 "Is This What Truman Means By Civil Rights!"
Folder 26 Due Process in a Political Trial, The Record vs. The Press
Folder 27 The Reign of Witches, The Struggle Against the Alien and Sedition Laws, by Elizabeth Lawson, 1952
Folder 28 Red Tape and Barbed Wire, by Sender Garlin, 1952
Folder 29 In Danger, The Right to Speak for Peace, by Harold Spencer
Folder 30 "The Persecution of Oleta O'Connor Yates"
Folder 31 Patriotism against McCarthyism
Folder 32 "Turn Informer or Go to Jail! Which Choice Would You Make?, Oleata O'Connor Yates Made Hers!"
Folder 33 Books on Trial, The Case of Alexander Trachtenberg, 1952
Folder 34 Greet the New Year with the L.A. Committee for Protection of Foreign Born
Folder 35 "Summary and Analysis of Important Features of the Alien Registration Act of 1940, Smith Act", November 3, 1951
Folder 36 "Supreme Court of the United States" Pamphlet
Folder 37 The Case of Carl Marzani
Folder 38 "It Can Happen to You" Flyer
Folder 39 "Jailed for Fighting Franco, Free Them!"
Folder 40 "In the Supreme Court of the United States, October Term, 1948, No. ........"
Folder 41 "The 13th Juror, The Inside Story of My Trial, A Dramatic Revelation", by Steve Nelson
Folder 42 "S.F. No. 16,935 In the Supreme Court of the State of California"
Folder 43 600 Prominent Americans Ask President to Rescind Biddle Decision, 1942
Folder 44 The Walter- McCarran Law, Extracts From Testimony Before President's Commission on Immigration & Naturalization
Folder 45 Man Bites Dog, Report of an Unusual Hearing before the McCarran Committee
Folder 46 The People Vs. McCarthyism, The Case Against the McCarran Act, by John Abt
Folder 47 Mandel Vs. McCarthyism,
Folder 48 Only the People Can Decide
Folder 49 Rights, Un-American Activities Committee Acts Unconstitutionally, October 1959
Folder 50 Report of the Subcommittee on Constitutional Rights of the Committee on Judiciary Pertaining to Loyalty Oaths, March 1959
Folder 51 Hate Groups and the Un-American Activities Committee, by David Wesley, 1962
Folder 52 For Abolition of the Inquisitorial Committees of Congress
Folder 53 "When Conscience Speaks"
Folder 54 "The Bill of Rights and The Mundt-Ferguson Bills", An Analysis of the Provisions and Opinion on their Constitutionality
Folder 55 Vengeance of the Young, The Story of the Smith Act Children, by Albert E. Kahn, June 1952
Folder 56 The People's Case, The Story of the IWO, by Albert E. Kahn, 1951
Folder 57 Creeping McCarthyism: Its Threat to Church, School and Press, 1953
Folder 58 The Crime Against Jean Field, by Albert E. Kahn, February, 1952
Folder 59 Is a Fair Trial Possible at the Hands of Federal Juries
Folder 60 Scholar and School- New Targets for Bigotry
Folder 61 Shall Freedom of Speech Apply to all Americans?
Folder 62 Not Guilty!, The Case of Claude Lightfoot, June 1955
Folder 63 The Strange Trial of Stanley Nowak, by Conrad Komorowski, December 1954
Folder 64 McCarthy on Trial, 1954
Folder 65 "Remove the Dagger! From the Heart of the Bill of Rights"
Folder 66 Elizabeth Bentley and Her Role in the Attack on the New Deal
Folder 67 "Defend the Bill of Rights Rally" Flyer
Folder 68 An Open Letter to the American People
Folder 69 Morton Sorbell, Prisoner on Our Conscience, A Newspaper to Secure Justice in the Case of Morton Sorbell, November 1956
Folder 70 Supreme Court of the United States, October Term, 1952, No. 687, Julius Rosenberg and Ethel Rosenberg vs. United States of America
Folder 71 Flyer Instructing Communists to Take Action Against Los Angeles City Councilman Davenport
Folder 72 Exile, The Story of David Hyun
Folder 73 Scholar and School- New Targets for Bigotry
Folder 74 Why Did They Fire My Teacher?
Folder 75 In the Shadow of Liberty, The Inhumanity of the Walter- McCarran Law, by Abner Green, September 1954
Folder 76 Can Americans Tolerate Prison for Ideas? Pamphlet with Accompanying Letter, April 1954
Folder 77 "Journal for 1956, Published for the 6th Annual Conference to Repeal the Walter-McCarran Law and Defend its Victims", April 7, 1956
Folder 78 End Exile
Folder 79 "An Open Letter to the American People"
Folder 80 The Rape of the First Amendment, by Alexander L. Crosby
Folder 81 Free American's from the McCarran Act Danger!, by Gus Hall
Folder 82 End McCarrasnism on this we Stand Together
Folder 83 The McCarran Act, Fact and Fancy, by Elizabeth Gurley Flynn
Folder 84 "...And What Can We Say to Gus Polites?, We Need a Statute of Limitation!"
Folder 85 "Facts and Opinions McCarran Internal Security Act" Pamphlet
Folder 86 "Rules and Procedures for the Walk for the Bill of Rights" Flyer
Folder 87 "Defend Academic Freedom: Stop McCarthyism Now!", A Statement on Academic Freedom Week by the Labor Youth League
Folder 88 Burlington Dynamite Plot, by Walt Pickard
Folder 89 Letters from the Tombs, by Morris U. Schappes, 1941
Folder 90 The Case of Claude Lightfoot
Folder 91 We Accuse McCarthyism, February 1954
Folder 92 The Heat is On!
Folder 93 Loyalty Oath, If We Remain Silent...
Folder 94 Smear and Run...An Un-American Activity
Folder 95 Who's Unamerican!, July 1947
Folder 96 "CRC Monthly News Letter Exclusively for CRC Member", November 1950
Folder 97 "Let Freedom Ring for Earl Browder", by Carl Ross, February 1942
Folder 98 "Earl Browder Takes His Case to the People", January 1940
Folder 99 "An Open Letter to J. Howard McGrath", Attorney General of the United States, 1951
Folder 100 Elizabeth Gurley Flynn Speaks to the Court, Opening Statement to the Court and Jury in the Case of the Sixteenth Smith Act Victims in the Trial at Foley Square, New York, July 1952
Folder 101 "The Smith Act", New Conspiracy Against American Labor
Folder 102 Report on the Denial of Labor and Civil Rights in Hudson County, New Jersey, February 1937
Folder 103 A Letter to Congress: Defeat the Anti-Labor Smith Bill!, by William Z. Foster, June 1952
Folder 104 The Smith ...McCarran...Taft-Hartley Conspiracy to Strangle Labor, by George Morris, October 1951
Folder 105 The Smith Act- A Threat to Labor
Folder 106 "It is Later Than You Think..." A Solemn Warning and Appeal to the People of Los Angeles County!
Folder 107 13 Communists Speak to the Court, March 1953
Folder 108 McCarthyism and the Big Lie, by Milton Howard, November 1953
Folder 109 Courage is Contagious, The Bill of Rights versus The Un-American Activities Committee, 1953
Folder 110 Either the Constitution or the Mundt Bill, America Can't Have Both!, by Simon W. Gerson, June 1950
Folder 111 In Defense of the Communist Party and the Indicted Leaders, by William Z. Foster, July 1949
Folder 112 "Don't Let it Happen Here", A Call to the American People
Folder 113 "Communists Trial Defendants Join Picket Line" Photograph, June 7 1949
Folder 114 The Twelve and You, What Happens to Democracy is Your Business, too!, by Elizabeth Gurley Flynn, September 1948
Folder 115 "To Secure Justice in the Rosenberg Case" Pamphlet, 1951
Folder 116 "An Appeal for Clemency" Pamphlet, 1952
Folder 117 Mercy for the Rosenbergs Flyer, 1952
Folder 118 "Fact Sheet in the Rosenberg Case" Pamphlet, 1953
Folder 119 "The Nelson Case: State Sedition Laws are Weapons of Anti-Labor, Anti-Negro, Anti-Semitic Repression" Leaflet, May 1955
Folder 120 "Defend Academic Freedom! A Statement on Academic Freedom Week by the Labor Youth League" Pamphlet, 1955
Folder 121 Rights, V.1 N.10, June 1954
Folder 122 McCarthyism in the Courts: the story of the Steve Nelson Frame-up Pamphlet, 1951
Folder 123 "Constitution of the International Labor Defense"
Folder 124 Ten Years of Labor Defense, by Sasha Small, 1953
Folder 125 Labor Research Association's Monthly Labor Notes, August 1938
Folder 126 Night Riders in Gallup, by Louis Colman, May 1935
Folder 127 Friedel Rosenthal, U.S. Hostage in Germany, by James C. Bilotta with Accompanying Letter from the Author
Folder 128 We Want Drastic Revision or Outright Repeal of the Racist & Discriminatory Walter-McCarran Law By the 85th Congress!, April 6, 1957
Folder 129 "Fight the Blacklist!" Flyer

Box 13
Folder 43 "Conference of Inquiry", Source Material for Panel Discussion

Series VII. Communist Party USA (CPUSA)

Scope and Content Notes:

The Communist Party U.S.A., successor to the multiple left-wing factions that split off from the Socialist Party U.S.A. at its 1919 convention, did not develop significant influence until the mid-1930s. While they initially commanded at least nominal support of perhaps 70,000 of the SPUSA’s 110,000 members, that support drifted away as the rival Communist factions operated as secret undergrounds and refused to cooperate. The Comintern pressured them to combine into as an open political party, the Workers Party of America, in 1922, but they maintained a dual underground structure for several years thereafter, and continued factional squabbles. Ultimately the Party only achieved working unity between 1927 and 1929 by expelling the significant portions of the leadership who identified with Stalin’s factional rivals in the Soviet Party. The Party, thus, entered the Depression unified but isolated with a membership not much bigger than 10% of the combined membership of the 1919 Communist factions. Their dependence on Soviet intervention to settle disputes shaped the Party’s subsequent political culture. While all Communist Parties had to adhere to Comintern policy as a condition of membership, the CPUSA usually maintained less independence from Soviet direction than many other Communist parties.

American Communists expanded their influence in the 1930s by energetic agitation for the unemployed, industrial unions, civil rights, and antifascism, especially after the shift in Comintern policy from the highly sectarian ultra-revolutionary Third Period (1927-1935) to the antifascist alliance of the Popular Front (1935-39). By 1939 they had about 75,000 members and several hundred thousand fellow travelers. The Hitler-Stalin Pact of 1939 undermined their political credibility, especially among their not insubstantial base among intellectuals and cultural producers. During the wartime alliance with the Soviet Union they regained lost membership but not the level of moral authority they had enjoyed in some circles during the Popular Front. Perhaps that is why they were so quickly politically isolated at the beginning of the Cold War. However, despite the travails of McCarthyism, the Party maintained at least a third of it peak membership until the Khrushchev speech on ”the crimes of the Stalin era” at the 1956 20th Soviet Party Congress. After a brief unsuccessful attempt to reinvent the Party around democratic socialism, veteran members fled leaving an aging vestige of probably less than 5,000 active members (although they claimed more) by the late 1950s.

Throughout the Party’s history, the CPUSA sought to expand its influence by organizing and participating in a broad array of single issue organizations. Some were genuine mass movements with handfuls of Communists amidst tens or even hundreds of thousand of members. Others were Potemkin villages with little more than an office and impressive looking letterhead. Typically Party members filled important leadership slots in such organizations and Party members exercised influence beyond their numbers because of their energy and their policy of acting as a disciplined voting bloc. Both Communists and their critics referred to such organizations as front organizations, although for Communists the usage reflected their notions of “united front’ while for critics the word evoked “false front’ as in a Hollywood movie set. For simplicity, I decided to group many publications by such front organizations in the same section with publications and other ephemera produced by the Party itself. This is not intended as an editorial position on the nature of such front organizations.

Box 2
Folder 130 "Labor Committee Report"
Folder 131 What is the New Deal?, by Earl Browder
Folder 132 Dimensions Volume 1 Number 1, Discussion Journal of the W.E.B. Dubois Clubs
Folder 133 United We Stand for Peace and Socialism, by Gil Green, 1935
Folder 134 Puerto Rico- 'Island Paradise' of U.S. Imperialism, by Patricia Bell, February 1967
Folder 135 The Crime of El Fanguito An Open Letter to President Truman on Puerto Rico, by William Z. Foster, April 1948
Folder 136 Report of the Fifth National Convention of the Young Communist League of U.S.A.
Folder 137 No Jobs Today, A Story of a Young Worker in Pictures, by Phil Bard
Folder 138 Peace or War, The People against the Warmakers!, by Eugene Dennis, May 1946
Folder 139 New Program of the CPUSA, 1966
Folder 140 Reconversion, by George Morris September 1945
Folder 141 The Menace of American Imperialism, by William Z. Foster October 1945
Folder 142 The Crisis of U.S. Capitalism and the Fight-Back, Gus Hall
Folder 143 The Meaning of the 9-Party Communist Conference, by William Z. Foster, November 1947
Folder 144 Horizons of the Future, For a Socialist America, by Elizabeth Gurley Flynn, December 1959
Folder 145 The American Way to Jobs, Peace, Equal Rights and Democracy, September 1954
Folder 146 The Communist Party & How it Works, A Hand Book on its Organization & Functioning, March 1976
Folder 147 "Forge Fighting Unity Against the Wall Street Warmakers and the Exploiters of the Southern Masses", by Jim Jackson, 1950
Folder 148 The Constitution and By-Laws of the Communist Party of the United States of America, August 1938
Folder 149 "History Will be Made at the Stadium Sun., Sept. 24th"
Folder 150 "On Certain Aspects of Bourgeois Nationalism" Pamphlet
Folder 151 "An American People's Program to End Poverty and Unemployment in the U.S.", Economic Program of the Communist Party, U.S.A.
Folder 152 Economic Crises
Folder 153 Proceedings (Abridged) of the 16th National Convention of the Communist Party, U.S.A., May 1957
Folder 154 What is Socialism?, by Ernst Fischer
Folder 155 Thesis and Resolutions for the Seventh National Convention of the Communist Party of U.S.A., by Central Committee Plenum
Folder 156 "Congressional Election Platform of the Communist Party"
Folder 157 Acceptance Speeches
Folder 158 "Vote Straight Communist"
Folder 159 "Smash the Bosses Hunger Program", Fight for Unemployment Insurance, Cleveland Communist Election Platform, I.O. Ford for Mayor
Folder 160 How to Make Your Vote Count, The Communist Position on the Issues and Candidates in the 1948 Elections, by George Morris, October 1948
Folder 161 "Southside Election Rally"
Folder 162 "Workers of Hamtrack Vote Communist- Against Hunger and Fascism"

Box 3
Folder 1 "The Platform of the Class Struggle", National Platform of the Workers (Communist) Party, 1928
Folder 2 "Vote for John Makowski", Communist Candidate for Council- Ward 21
Folder 3 Vote Communist Workers of the World United, "Congressional Platform of the Communist Party, 1934
Folder 4 "Support the People's Cause..."
Folder 5 "McCarthyism and the New Jersey Elections"
Folder 6 "1948 Election Platform of the Communist Party", 1948
Folder 7 "1952 Election Platform of the Communist Party", 1952
Folder 8 "The Communist Election Platform 1936", 1936
Folder 9 "What the People of Texas Need", The Communist Program for the Lone Star State
Folder 10 "The 1940 Elections, How the People Can Win", By Earl Browder, May, 1939
Folder 11 "America Needs Earl Browder", By A.B. Magil
Folder 12 "Milestones in the History of the Communist Party", By Alex Bittelman, August, 1937
Folder 13 "How Can We Share the Wealth?", The Communist Way Versus Huey Long, By Alex Bittelman, April, 1935
Folder 14 "An Open Letter to all the Members of the Communist Party"
Folder 15 "Labor and Anti- Semitism", By George Morris, May, 1953
Folder 16 "A Brief History of U.S. Asian Labor", By Karl Yoneda
Folder 17 "The Meaning of the XXth Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union", Report to the National Committee of the Communist Party, U.S.A., By Max Weiss, 1956
Folder 18 "Delegate, Special Convention Communist Party, U.S.A., July 4-7, 1968"
Folder 19 "Religion and Communism", By Earl Browder, June, 1935
Folder 20 "Talks to America", By Earl Browder, February, 1937
Folder 21 "Social and National Security", By Earl Browder, December, 1938
Folder 22 "An American People's Program to End Poverty and Unemployment in the U.S.", Economic Program of the Communist Party, U.S.A.
Folder 23 "Passage to Progress", The '64 Election Mandate and the Road Ahead, December, 1964
Folder 24 "A Communist Talks to Students", March, 1964
Folder 25 "Youth Demands Peace", By James Lerner
Folder 26 "The Philosophy of Communism", By James E. Jackson, 1963
Folder 27 "Invitation to Join the Communist Party", By Robert Minor, February, 1943
Folder 28 "In Defense of the Communist Party", Guide for Study and Discussion of William Z. Foster's Pamphlet, August, 1949
Folder 29 "The Truth About Father Coughlin", By A.B. Magil, 1935
Folder 30 "Policy for Victory", By Earl Browder, May, 1943
Folder 31 "Coal Miners and the War", By Elizabeth Gurley Flynn, August, 1942
Folder 32 "Life in the U.S. Army", By Walter Trumbull
Folder 33 "Youth Serves the Nation", By Max Weiss, February, 1942
Folder 34 "Youth for Victory in 1943", By Max Weiss, February, 1943
Folder 35 "Fight for Your Future Now!", By Max Weiss, November, 1942
Folder 36 "Peace or War, The People against the Warmakers!", By Eugene Dennis, May, 1946
Folder 37 "The Year of Great Decision, 1942", By Robert Minor, May, 1942
Folder 38 "The MacArthur Ouster", By Eugene Dennis
Folder 39 "Intellectuals and the War", By V.J. Jerome "Intellectuals and the War", By V.J. Jerome
Folder 40 "Two Questions on Winning the War", By Roy Hudson, May, 1942
Folder 41 "The Trade Unions and the War", By William Z. Foster, June, 1912
Folder 42 "What's What About the War", Questions and Answers, By William Z. Foster, July, 1940
Folder 43 "Quarantine the War Mongers", By William Z. Foster, November, 1947
Folder 44 "May Day Anti-War Rally" Flyer, 1946
Folder 45 "Make the Democrats Keep Their Promises", June, 1933
Folder 46 "Youth Confronts the Blue Eagle", By Gil Green
Folder 47 Complete Schedule of Classes at the California Labor School
Folder 48 "How to Win Jobs!", By Leonard Sparks
Folder 49 "Labor and the Menace of Goldwaterism", By George Morris, September, 1964
Folder 50 "Industrial Slavery- Roosevelt's 'New Deal'", By I. Amter, July, 1933
Folder 51 "The Trotskyite Fifth Column in the Labor Movement", By George Morris, January, 1945
Folder 52 "Company Unions Today", By Robert W. Dunn, 1935
Folder 53 "Labor and the Marshall Plan", By William Z. Foster, March, 1948
Folder 54 "Reaction Beats Its War Drums", By William Z. Foster, May, 1946
Folder 55 "Smash Hitler's Spring Offensive Now!", By William Z. Foster, March, 1942
Folder 56 "Why Work for Nothing?", By Herman Schendel, 1946
Folder 57 "The People and the Congress", William Z. Foster, February, 1943
Folder 58 "Should Americans Back the Marshall Plan?", Joseph Starobin, February, 1948
Folder 59 "The Farmer's Way Out", Life Under a Worker's and Farmer's Government, By John Barnett June, 1935
Folder 60 "Work for all or Unemployment"
Folder 61 "Illinois Needs a Farmer- Labor Party", By Morris H. Childs
Folder 62 "Industrial Insurance: A Snare for Workers", By Mort and E.A. Gilbert, 1936
Folder 63 "How to Fight High Prices", By Louise Mitchell, November, 1947
Folder 64 "Where to Begin?", How to Build a Mass Young Communist League, By F. Fuerenberg
Folder 65 "Americans of Foreign Birth in the War Program for Victory", By Hon. Earl G. Harrison
Folder 66 "Reconversion", Security or Crisis, By Allan Ross
Folder 67 "World-Wide Unemployment", 20,000,000 Unemployed
Folder 68 San Francisco Conference Pamphlet
Folder 69 Clarity, Notes on the National Question, September, 1944
Folder 70 "Schools and the Crisis", By Rex David, 1934
Folder 71 "Poverty 'Midst Riches, Why We Demand Unemployment Insurance"
Folder 72 "The History of May Day", By Alexander Trachtenberg (3), 1935, 1937, 1947
Folder 73 "May Day", 1886: 8 Hour Work Day, 1959:6 Hour Work Day, 1959
Folder 74 "Appalachia U.S.A.", A Study in Poverty, By George Meyers
Folder 75 "How's Your Health?", The Fight for a National Health Program, By Robert Friedman, February, 1947
Folder 76 "Broaden the Fight for Peace and Democracy!", By Joseph Rockman, September, 1952
Folder 77 "Fight! Don't Starve!", Demands for Unemployment Insurance Made Upon the United States Congress
Folder 78 "On the Struggle Against Revisionism", January, 1946
Folder 79 "I Didn't Raise My Boy to Be a Solider-for Wall Street", By Elizabeth Gurley Flynn, February, 1940
Folder 80 "Unemployment Insurance", The Burning Issue of the Day, By Earl Browder, April, 1935
Folder 81 "20th Century Methods!" Pamphlet
Folder 82 "A Democratic Way Out of the Crisis in Education", A Program for Resolving the Crisis in the New York City Public School System
Folder 83 Educational Bulletin, March, 1956
Folder 84 "Your Questions Answered", On Politics, Peace, Economics, Fascism, Anti-Semitism, Race Prejudice, Religion, Trade Unionism, Americanism, Democracy, Socialism, Communism, By William Z. Foster, 1939
Folder 85 "Heroines", By Sasha Small
Folder 86 "Everybody Can Be Rich- and Still Be Honest!", The Bread-And-Butter Facts of Life, By Jim West
Folder 87 "What Price Profits?", By Max Weiss, April, 1947
Folder 88 "March for Peace May 1st 1952", United Labor and People's Committee for May Day, 1952
Folder 89 "The Real Father Coughlin", By A.B. Magil, May, 1939
Folder 90 "More Agitation, More Propaganda!, By E. Fisher
Folder 91 "Smash Michigan's Fifth Column!", August, 1942
Folder 92 "White Guard Terrorists in the U.S.A.", By Leon Dennen
Folder 93 "The Black Legion Rides", By George Morris, August, 1936
Folder 94 "Texas Survey" Pamphlet
Folder 95 "Here's to Health!" 1938-1939
Folder 96 "Hold That Rent Ceiling", By Louise Mitchell, January, 1947
Folder 97 "America's Housing Crisis", By Louise Mitchell, May, 1946
Folder 98 "The Fascist Revival...the Inside Story of the John Birch Society...Who is in it? Who is Behind it? Who Directs and Finances it?", By Mike Newberry, June, 1961
Folder 99 "How Mellon Got Rich", By Harvey O'Connor, 1933
Folder 100 "The Truth About the MTA", By Daniel B. Schirmer
Folder 101 Sales, Tax is Robbery!, Mass Action Will Force Its Repeal
Folder 102 "The Elections and the Outlook for National Unity", By Eugene Dennis, December, 1944
Folder 103 "Where Do We Go From Here?", By "Americus", November 6, 1948
Folder 104 "The Watson-Parker Law", The Latest Scheme to Hamstring Railroad Unionism, By William Z. Foster, 1927
Folder 105 "This is Treason!", By Sol Vail
Folder 106 "Housecleaning by Labor, Not Housewrecking by Congress"
Folder 107 "The American Way to Jobs, Peace, Democracy", May, 1954
Folder 108 "Democracy in Danger", By Mary Collins, September, 1938
Folder 109 "The Case Against David Dubinsky", By William Weinstone, June, 1946
Folder 110 "Freedom Begins at Home", By Elizabeth Gurley Flynn, July, 1961
Folder 111 "The Menace of Opportunism", By Max Bedacht
Folder 112 "The Rankin Witch Hunt", By William Z. Foster, December, 1945
Folder 113 "Science and Life", By J.G. Crowther, 1938
Folder 114 "Is Anybody Pushing You Around?"
Folder 115 "The American Holiday, May Day 1939", By Jane Filley, April, 1939
Folder 116 "William Z. Foster, An Appreciation", By Joseph North, 1955
Folder 117 "I Challenge the Un-Americans", By Eugene Dennis, May, 1947
Folder 118 "My Side of the Story", The Statement the Newspapers Refused to Print, By Gerhart Eisler, March, 1947
Folder 119 "DEBS and DENNIS, Fighters for Peace", By Elizabeth Gurley Flynn, October, 1950
Folder 120 "Stool-Pigeon", By Elizabeth Gurley Flynn, July, 1949
Folder 121 "Food Prices and Rationing", By Louise Mitchell, January, 1943
Folder 122 "Jews and the National Question", By Hyman Levy, 1958
Folder 123 "Jews in Action"
Folder 124 "The Jewish People and the War", By Earl Browder, May, 1940
Folder 125 "The C.I.O. Today", By George Morris, March, 1950
Folder 126 "World Capitalism and World Socialism", By William Z. Foster, March, 1941
Folder 127 "The 'Foreign Agent' Hoax Exposed", April 4, 1947
Folder 128 "Hamtrack Municipal Election of 1934" Pamphlet, 1934
Folder 129 "In the Dungeons of Mussolini", By Carlo Rossi, March, 1936
Folder 130 Peoples Educational Center Directory (Spring), 1945
Folder 131 "Facts About Gerald L. K. Smith", June 26, 1944
Folder 132 "Resolution on the Path to Native American Indian Liberation, December, 1979
Folder 133 "The Working Class and the Nation" and "Changes in Bourgeois Nationalism", By Peter Weiden, 1938, 1939
Folder 134 "It's You They're After!"
Folder 135 "The Foreign Born in the United States", By Dwight C. Morgan 1936
Folder 136 YCL Pacesetter, August, 1939
Folder 137 "In Flanders Field...", By Mac Weiss, May, 1935
Folder 138 "Nazis Preferred", The Renazification of Western Germany, By Moses Miller, June, 1950
Folder 139 "Pattern for American Fascism", By John L. Spivak, September, 1947
Folder 140 "Post-War Jobs for Veterans, Negroes, and Women", By Roy Hudson, November, 1944
Folder 141 Pamphlet About Reuben W. Borough
Folder 142 "The U.S.A. and the U.S.S.R., War Allies and Friends", By William Z. Foster, October, 1942
Folder 143 "The Fight Against Hitlerism", By William Z. Foster and Robert Minor, July, 1941
Folder 144 "The Menace of a New World War", By William Z. Foster, March, 1946
Folder 145 "The 'Free' Press", Portrait of a Monopoly, By George Marion, June, 1946
Folder 146 "New Program of the Communist Party USA", The People versus Corporate Power, January, 1982
Folder 147 A Pamphlet for the Communist Party Presidential Candidate Gus Hall and Jarvis Tyner for Vice President
Folder 148 A Flyer for the American Youth Congress Citizenship Institute in Washington, D.C.
Folder 149 "Programme of the Young Communist International"
Folder 150 "Program of the Communist International", December, 1929
Folder 151 The Communist, June 12, 1920
Folder 152 "The Truth About the American Youth Congress", By Arthur Clifford, 1935
Folder 153 "15th National Student Congress, August 19- August 30, 1962"
Folder 154 "Our Generation Will Not Be Silent!", September, 1953
Folder 155 "You've Got a Right", Defending Democracy, By Sasha Small, 1938
Folder 156 "American Youth Acts", The Story of the American Youth Congress, By William W. Hinckley
Folder 157 "How Fare Youth?", By Tom Dennison
Box 158 "Towards An American Student Union"

Box 4
Folder 1 "Students Take A Stand", An Account of Student Conferences in Washington During Christmas Week, 1933
Folder 2 "Building a Militant Student Movement", Program of the National Student League
Folder 3 "The American Youth Congress", What It Is, How It Works
Folder 4 "For a New Youth Organization Dedicated to Education in the Spirit of Socialism!", by Leon Wofsy
Folder 5 "Our Generation is in Danger"
Folder 6 "Youth Fights for Peace, Jobs, Civil Rights"
Folder 7 "Youth Demands a Peaceful World", Report of the Second World Youth Congress
Folder 8 "Children Under Capitalism", By Grace Hutchins, 1933
Folder 9 "Dust Off Your Dreams", The Story of American Youth for Democracy
Folder 10 "Constitution of the Communist Party of the United States of America", July, 1975
Folder 11 "Class Unity, All-People's Unity- The Only Way", By Gus Hall, August, 1987
Folder 12 "Program For Victory" NY State Communist Party Election Platform, 1942
Folder 13 Sedition! To Protest and Organize against War Hunger and Unemployment, By J. Louis Engdahl, 1930
Folder 14 The Kodak Worker, V.1, N. 6, July 1928
Folder 15 The Kodak Worker, V.1, N. 8, September 1928
Folder 16 The Kodak Worker, V.1, N.11, January-February 1929
Folder 17 "The Crisis in the Socialist Party", By William Z. Foster, November, 1936
Folder 18 "The Path to Peace, Progress and Prosperity"
Folder 19 "Take a Stand for Peace, Jobs & Equality", June, 1982
Folder 20 "The Reds in Dixie", Who Are the Communists and What Do They Fight For in the South?, By Tom Johnson, March, 1935
Folder 21 "The Challenge to Labor", March, 1960
Folder 22 "New Program of the Communist Party U.S.A.", Ma, 1970
Folder 23 "Constitution of the Communist Party of the United States of America", April, 1957
Folder 24 "On the Road to Bolshevization", 1929
Folder 25 "AFL Upsurge Challenges Policies of Old Guard", By Leon Kaplan, April 18-19, 1947
Folder 26 "Security with FDR", By Vito Marcantonio, September, 1944
Folder 27 "The Real Huey P. Long", By Sender Garlin, May, 1935
Folder 28 "The Big Tax Swindle and How to Stop It", An Analysis and Program for Action, May, 1969
Folder 29 "Who are the Americans?", By Earl Browder, July, 1936
Folder 30 "Unite for Peace, Negro Freedom, Labor's Advance, Socialism", Resolutions of the 18th National Convention of the Communist Party, U.S.A., 1967
Folder 31 "Shall the Communist Party Change Its Name?", February, 1944
Folder 32 "Teheran and America", By Earl Browder, January, 1944
Folder 33 "Teheran, Our Path in War and Peace", By Earl Browder, 1944
Folder 34 "Draft Resolution for the 16th National Convention of the Communist Party, U.S.A.", Adopted Sept. 13, 1956 September, 1956
Folder 35 "The United States in Crisis- The Communist Solution", September, 1969
Folder 36 "Constitution of the Communist Party of the United States of America", October, 1948
Folder 37 "Constitution of the Communist Political Association"
Folder 38 "Draft Main Political Resolution", An Assessment and a Production, January, 1969
Folder 39 "What New York State Needs", By The Communist Political Association of New York State
Folder 40 "Let's Pull Together for Jobs, Security, Democracy, and Peace", By Carl Ross, September, 1938
Folder 41 "The American Way to Jobs, Peace, and Democracy", Draft Program of the Communist Party, March, 1954
Folder 42 "What America Faces", The New War Danger and the Struggle for Peace, Democracy and Economic Security, By Eugene Dennis, March, 1946
Folder 43 "America at the Crossroads: Postwar Problems and Communist Policy", By Eugene Dennis, December, 1945
Folder 44 "The Struggle for Detente", By Gus Hall
Folder 45 "What America Needs", A Communist View , By Eugene Dennis and John Gates, March, 1956
Folder 46 "1977 The Year of the Press", By Mike Zagarell, January, 1977
Folder 47 "Make Your Dreams Come True", By Gil Green, June, 1937
Folder 48 "The Youth and the Russian Revolution"
Folder 49 "The People Against the Trusts", Build a Democratic Front to Defeat Reaction Now and Win a People's Victory in 1948, By Eugene Dennis, December, 1946
Folder 50 The Communist International, Vol. XIV, No. 12, December, 1937
Folder 51 "World Voices on the Moscow Trials", A Compilation from the Labor and Liberal Press of the World, October 22, 1936
Folder 52 "Regional Autonomy for the Southwest", 1974
Folder 53 The Party Review
Folder 54 "The Constitution of the Communist Party of the United States of America"
Folder 55 "Main Political Resolution adopted by the 16th National Convention of the Communist Party, U.S.A.", February 9-12, 1957, April, 1957
Folder 56 "Fundamentals of Communism"
Folder 57 "Call to 16th National Convention Communist Party, U.S.A.", February 9-12, 1957
Folder 58 "The Communists Take a New Look", Report to the National Committee of the Communist Party, U.S.A., By Eugene Dennis, May, 1956
Folder 59 "The Heritage of the Communist Political Association", By Robert Minor, August, 1944
Folder 60 "The Carter Administration's African Policy", By Henry Winston
Folder 61 "The Communist Party- 'The mind, the will and the honor of the working class!'", By James E. Jackson
Folder 62 "21 Questions About War and Peace", By Eugene Dennis, August, 1950
Folder 63 A Letter from the Communist Party of Los Angeles County, May, 1954
Folder 64 "The Communist Party", Vanguard Fighter for Peace, Democracy, Security, and Socialism, By Pettis Perry, April, 1953
Folder 65 "Communists and the People", Summation Speech to the Jury in the Second Foley Square Smith Act Trial of Thirteen Communist Leaders, By Elizabeth Gurley Flynn, May, 1953
Folder 66 "Pattern for American Fascism", By John L. Spivak, September, 1947
Folder 67 "The Fascist Danger and How to Combat it", By Eugene Dennis, August, 1948
Folder 68 "Theory and Practice of the Communist Party", November, 1947
Folder 69 "The Red Baiting Racket and How it Works", By George Morris, October, 1947
Folder 70 "Is Communism Un-American?", 9 Questions About the Communist Party Answered, By Eugene Dennis, March, 1947
Folder 71 "Let the People Know", The Truth About the Communists Which the Un-American Committee Tried to Suppress, By Eugene Dennis, April, 1947
Folder 72 "The Red-Baiters Menace America", By Eugene Dennis, October, 1946
Folder 73 "Meet the Communists", By Elizabeth Gurley Flynn, March, 1946
Folder 74 "Communists and the Trade Unions", By Roy Hudson, October, 1943
Folder 75 "Communism Versus Fascism", By William Z. Foster, June, 1941
Folder 76 Young Communist Review, November, 1938
Folder 77 "Party Organizer" (5), October 1937, April-June, 1938 and August, 1938
Folder 78 "Hague over Jersey"
Folder 79 "Who are the Reds?", By Roy Hudson, June, 1937
Folder 80 "Beat the Steel Crisis! Save Every Job!", By Gus Hall
Folder 81 "The Trotsky Opposition", Its Significance for American Workers, By Bertram D. Wolfe, 1928
Folder 82 Socialism, What's In It For You, By A.B. Magil April, 1946
Folder 83 "The Little Red Diary" No.1, Trade Unions in America, By W.Z. Foster, J.P. Cannon, and E.R. Browder, 1925
Folder 84 "The Russian Constitution", Adopted July 10, 1918, January 4, 1919
Folder 85 "Why Communism?", Plain Talks on Vital Problems, By M.J. Olgin, 1935
Folder 86 "The Truth About Communism!", 1930
Folder 87 Frontiers, October 1931
Folder 88 Frontiers, January 1932
Folder 89 Frontiers, April 1932
Folder 90 Frontiers, June 1932
Folder 91 Frontiers, November 1932
Folder 92 "Who Are the Young Pioneers" Martha Campion, October 1943
Folder 93 "Meet the Communists", 1943
Folder 94 "The People's Demands" Pamphlet
Folder 95 "A Guide to the Club, Its Role in Building the United Front in 1950", A Handbook for Community Club Officers, Prepared By Carl Dorfman
Folder 96 "Unity or Else..."
Folder 97 The Student Advocate, February 1936
Folder 98 The Student Advocate, March 1936
Folder 99 The Student Advocate, May 1936
Folder 100 The Student Advocate, October-November 1936
Folder 101 Student Review, December 1933
Folder 102 Student Review, 1934
Folder 103 Student Review, April 1935
Folder 104 Student Review, October 1935
Folder 105 General View of the 1st Annual National Communist Veterans Encampment at Turner's Arena, May 8, 1947
Folder 106 "Motion Picture Workers: Keep Your Eye on the Ball The Eight Ball You Are Behind It!" Pamphlet, 1947
Folder 107 New Foundations, V. VI, N. 4, June 1953
Folder 108 Equal Justice, Fall 1941
Folder 109 "Economic Questions, Commentary" 1952
Folder 110 "The Soviet Union", Your Questions Answered, By Margaret Cowl, 1934
Folder 111 "Agents of Peace" Pamphlet, 1951
Folder 112 The Gil Green League Building Bulletin
Folder 113 California's Brown Book, 1934
Folder 114 "The Mexican People of the Southwest", August 3 1948
Folder 115 "Men in Overalls, The Danger is Real- the Danger is Now!, You Can Make Truman Veto the Un-American Anti-Labor...Taft-Hartley Slave Bill!, You Can Also Force Blakney, Vandenberg, and Ferguson to Support a Veto"
Folder 116 15 Years of the Communist Party, By Alex Bittelman, August, 1934
Folder 117 City College and War, Why were Twenty-one Students Expelled?, October, 1933
Folder 118 Beware of the War Danger!, Stop, Look, and Listen!, By William Z. Foster, April, 1948
Folder 119 "Everything for Unity and Victory", By William Schneiderman
Folder 120 The Kefauver Committee and the Pete Panto Murder, By Michael Singer, May, 1951
Folder 121 Youth Unity for Peace Against Militarization
Folder 122 A Statement to the President, the Congress, and the People of the United States from the American Congress for Peace and Democracy, 1939
Folder 123 "They Shall Not Pass!"
Folder 124 The Workers Monthly, January, 1925
Folder 125 "How Wall Street Picks Your Pocket", By George Morris, October, 1946
Folder 126 "Defend Dissent! Defeat the Racists and Warmakers! Support Dubois! Stop SACB Hearings!"
Folder 127 Photograph of Communists and Unemployed, Carrying Huge Placards Calling for Work or Wages
Folder 128 Photograph of Youth Demonstrators Staging a Sit-Down Squatting in the Driveway of the White House. They Wanted to Present a Petition on Behalf of the Lundeen Bill. February 20, 1937
Folder 129 Photograph of the entrance of the Communist office headquarters in America, August 25, 1938
Folder 130 Photograph of an Exhibit of Soviet Literature Shown Before the DIES Committee, August 19, 1938
Folder 131 A Photograph of Communists Picketing in front of the Japanese Consulate, July 31, 1937
Folder 132 A Photograph of Communists, March 20, 1937
Folder 133 Photograph of a Page from the July Issue of the Communist International, September 25, 1936
Folder 134 Photograph of a Vehicle Emblazoned with Communist Pledges, April 26, 1936
Folder 135 A Photograph of a Mass Police Demonstration in Union Square to Celebrate the Anniversary of the Founding of the Soviet Union, August 5, 1929
Folder 136 A Photograph of Police Dispersing Communist Agitators in Front of New Bedford Mill, January 22, 1930
Folder 137 A Photograph of the New York Police Dispersing Several Hundred Communists Who Gathered in the City Hall Park, January 28, 1930
Folder 138 A Photograph of Los Angeles Communist Riots, February 28, 1930
Folder 139 A Photograph of A Female Communist Demonstrator, March 4, 1930
Folder 140 A Photograph of a Communist Demonstrator Being Arrested, March 7, 1930
Folder 141 A Photograph of Communists, March 7, 1930
Folder 142 A Photograph of Police Arresting a Communist Parader, March 7, 1930
Folder 143 A Photograph of One of the Sacco-Vanzetti Demonstrations on "Red Thursday", March 8, 1930
Folder 144 A Photograph of a Demonstration at Union Square on "Red Thursday" Being Broken Up, March 10, 1930
Folder 145 A Photograph of Communist Rioters in Cleveland, Ohio, October 3, 1930
Folder 146 A Photograph of a Communist Cheering for Released Prisoners at Madison Square Garden, October 25, 1930
Folder 147 A Photograph of a Communist Demonstration in Front of the Capital Building, December 8, 1930
Folder 148 A Photograph of a Communist Dropped Over a Car's Fender, February 11, 1931
Folder 149 A Photograph of a Communist Rioter Getting Chased by a Police Officer, February 11, 1931
Folder 150 A Photograph of Radical Communists Rioting in Chicago, May 7, 1932
Folder 151 A Photograph of Radical Communists Rioting in Chicago, May 7, 1932
Folder 152 A Photograph of an Anti-Hitler Demonstration Before the Consulate, December 19, 1933
Folder 153 A Photograph of Police Dispersing Communist Demonstrators in Sacramento, CA., April 24, 1934
Folder 154 A Photograph of a Map from the Library of D.A.R. which Shows the Headquarters of Communists in the U.S., April 24, 1934
Folder 155 A Photograph of a Inter-Protest Fighting in Front of City Hall, April 5, 1934
Folder 156 A Photograph of a Communist Procession from Battery Park, May 1, 1934
Folder 157 A Photograph of a Mass Picketing Demonstration Before the P.L. Bergoff Offices, July 19, 1934
Folder 158 A Photograph of the East Bay Raid. In the Photograph, Civilians Demolish the Hall Used for Meetings By Communists, July 21, 1934
Folder 159 Photograph of the Red May Day Parade, May 6, 1935
Folder 160 Photograph of the Front Cover of the Magazine Communist International, September 25, 1936
Folder 161 Photograph of a Radical Communism Propaganda Center Located in Georgia, February 16, 1936
Folder 162 Photograph of a Radical Propaganda Center, February 23, 1936
Folder 163 Photograph of a "Comrade" During the Arizona Disorders, April 18, 1936
Folder 164 Photograph of a Scene in Phoenix When Naff was Leader of Movement, April 25, 1936
Folder 165 Three Men Pictures at the 1st Annual National Communist Veterans Encampment at Turner's Arena, Washington, D.C., May 8, 1947
Folder 166 Photograph of a Demonstration to "Free Tom Mooney", May 1, 1936
Folder 167 Photograph of a Man Observing a Guarded Wall of Leftist Leaflets
Folder 168 Photograph of Some of the Eleven Communists Who Surrendered at Old Bailey and Were on Trial for Conspiracy, December 1, 1925
Folder 169 Photograph of a Protest Against Winston Churchill in front of the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel N.Y.C and Additional Information, March 15, 1946

Box 13
Folder 44 Assorted Documents Which Discuss Leftist Movements in the U.S.A. and Overseas
Folder 45 The New Sport and Play, January and February, 1934
Folder 46 "Second Southern California District Convention, By Dorothy Healey, January 29, 1960
Folder 47 Letter/Flyer from the Young Communist League, July 24, 1939
Folder 48 Assorted Newspapers (3), 1932-1934
Folder 49 People's World, October 24, 1939
Folder 50 Review, July 21, 1941
Folder 51 "Of the People for the People, Pictorial Highlights of Fifty Years of the Communist Party, USA, 1919-1969", May, 1970
Folder 52 The Communist International (2) March, 1936 and February, 1937
Folder 53 New World Review (3), August-October, 1952
Folder 54 Party Organizer (4), July, 1937, November-December, 1937, March, 1938
Folder 55 Numerous Copies of Soviet Russia, Official Organ of the Russian Soviet Government Bureau
Folder 56 Leaflets for Student Strike at Franklin High School
Folder 57 The Struggle Against White Chauvinism, September 1949
Folder 58 The American Foreign-Born Workers, ca. 1923
Folder 59 May Day, 1938
Folder 60 "The Program of Class Struggle Co-operation" Pamphlet, 1931
Folder 61 "Join the Big Youth Parade May 30" Flyer, ca. May 30 1931
Folder 62 Tenement Children Protest, New York City, February 26 1934
Folder 63 "Resolution of the Free Tom Mooney Congress"
Folder 64 High Time, January, 1939
Folder 65 High Time, March 1939
Folder 66 High Time, May, 1939
Folder 67 Red Pen, May, 1937
Folder 68 The Class Mark, November, 1935
Folder 69 Hunger March on Salem, OR, January 13 1933
Folder 70 The Workers Monthly, December 1925
Boxes 15-16 The Communist - Vol. VI No. 4-Vol. XXIII No. 12, June 1927-December 1944
Box 16 Masses & Mainstream - Vol. 1 No.1-Vol. 16 No. 8, March 1948-August 1963
Box 17 New York Daily Worker - Vol. 22 No.1-Vol. 22 No. 52, January 1945-February 1945
Box 17 New York Daily Worker - Vol. 22 No. 104-Vol.22 No. 156, May 1945-June 1945
Box 17 Voice of Action - Volume 1 - Complete, 1933-1934

Series VIII. Ethnic Radicalism

Scope and Content Notes:

Immigrant radicals carried left wing politics to the U.S. in their cultural baggage. They settled in American ethnic communities and continuing organizing and agitating, gaining traction among fellow ethnics for two reasons. First, many immigrants still followed old country politics both for emotional reasons and because they frequently intended to return home after a sojourn in America. Especially for immigrants from countries where the Left expanded rapidly in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the strength of left-wing organizations in their homelands gave left-wing politics credibility despite the weaknesses of the Left in the U.S. Second, ethnic discrimination and deplorable living and working conditions disillusioned and radicalized some immigrant who had come to the U.S. with grandiose expectations of their prospects in Golden America.

Ethnic radicals maintained cultural influence and organizational stability by creating and controlling three types of institutions: newspapers, ethnic sections of left-wing parties, and fraternal and mutual insurance societies. Left-wing newspapers and magazines published in immigrants’ native languages often had readerships many times larger than ethnic party memberships or voting totals. Ethnic restaurants, bars, breweries, shops, funeral parlors advertised in their pages. Clubs announced their meetings. Newspaper offices functioned as focis of political activity. Hundreds of such publication supported the SPUSA, the CPUSA, and the anarchist movement. Socialist Party locals and later Communist locals in ethnic neighborhoods frequently included a preponderance of members from a non-English speaking ethnic group and conducted local business in that language. The Socialist Party recognized and accommodated this tendency by allowing these ethnically based locals to amalgamate into national foreign language federations within the Socialist Party. The foreign language federations gradually increased their influence within the SPUSA, especially after the 1917 Bolshevik Revolution inspired many Eastern European immigrants. Some of them, most notably the Finnish Socialist Federation, went over to the incipient American Communist movement almost en masse. Indeed, the Finns represented 40% of the CP’s membership in 1924 and its most dependable base of financial support. In the late 1920s, however, as part of the policy of Bolshevization of the CPUSA (e.g. Stalinization), the Party disbanded much of its ethnically based organizational apparatus.

Ethnic radicalism continued to flourish within the Communist orbit, especially during the Popular Front period within the traditional third leg of ethnic radicalism: fraternal and mutual insurance associations. Ethnic fraternal and mutual insurance associations offered secular alternatives to church-based ethnic community activities and sold cheap insurance benefits to working-class families who could not afford the premiums of conventional commercial insurance. Leftist exercised a disproportionate influence in ethnic fraternal life in many nationalities (e.g. Finns, Eastern European, Jews, Croatians, Slovaks). Among the most successful was the Jewish Arbeiter Ring (Workmen’s Circle). In 1929 Communists within the AR, in keeping with sectarian Third Period Comintern policies split off to form an explicitly Communist and revolutionary alternative, the IWO, International Workers Order. The IWO began with probably less than 5,000 members but expanded rapidly during the Popular Front period reaching a peak membership of over 200,000 in the mid-1940s and expanding its ethnic representation to many other nationalities beyond the original Jewish base.

Box 4
Folder 170 Tyomiehen Joulu, XX, 1922
Folder 171 Tyomiehen Joulu, XXI
Folder 172 Tyomiehen Joulu XXII, 1924

Box 5
Folder 1 Tyomiehen Joulu, XXVII, 1929
Folder 2 Magyarok Amerikaban, 1951
Folder 3 "Foreign-Born Americans and the War"
Folder 4 "Our Badge of Infamy, A Petition to the United Nations on The Treatment of the Mexican Immigrant", April, 1959
Folder 5 "The Chicanos", 1973
Folder 6 "1944...Crucial Year, The Need of Dynamic Unity in the Immigrant Groups, Two Addresses by Louis Adamic"
Folder 7 "The Reapers, A Colorful Social Drama, By Siskind Liev"
Folder 8 Pamphlet Written in Yiddish 1950
Folder 9 "The Jewish Fraternalist, Jewish Peoples Fraternal Order Celebrates 20th Anniversary", February-March, 1950
Folder 10 Book Written in Yiddish, 1910
Folder 11 Book Written in Yiddish, 1934
Folder 12 Book Written in Yiddish, (25th Anniversary Publication)
Folder 13 "The Town Hall" Program, 1971
Folder 14 Roots of Jewish Nonviolence
Folder 15 "Yiddish Short Stories", 1923
Folder 16 Ahjo (The Forge), Tieteellis-kaunokirjallinen Julkaisu, September, 1918
Folder 17 Fraternal Outlook, Official Organ of the International Workers Order, January, 1939
Folder 17a Fraternal Outlook, Official Organ of the International Workers Order, March, 1939
Folder 18 Fraternal Outlook, Official Organ of the International Workers Order, May, 1939
Folder 19 Fraternal Outlook, Official Organ of the International Workers Order, July, 1941
Folder 20 Fraternal Outlook, Official Organ of the International Workers Order, November, 1941
Folder 21 International Workers Order Membership Aid 1 Cent Stamps (6)
Folder 22 Vappu, 1924
Folder 23 Vappu, 1926
Folder 24 Vappu, 1927
Folder 25 Vappu, 1928
Folder 26 Jewish Currents, April, 1995
Folder 27 Jewish Currents, May, 1995
Folder 28 Jewish Currents, July-August, 1995
Folder 29 Jewish Currents, October, 1995
Folder 30 Jewish Currents, November, 1995
Folder 31 Jewish Currents, December, 1995
Folder 32 Jewish Currents, May, 1996
Folder 33 Jewish Currents, December, 1996
Folder 34 Jewish Currents, January, 1997
Folder 35 Jewish Currents, February, 1997
Folder 36 Jewish Currents, March, 1997
Folder 37 Jewish Currents, April, 1997
Folder 38 Jewish Currents, May, 1997
Folder 39 Jewish Currents, July-August, 1997
Folder 40 Jewish Currents, October, 1996
Folder 41 Jewish Currents, November, 1997
Folder 42 Jewish Currents, December, 1997
Folder 43 Jewish Currents, January, 1998
Folder 44 Jewish Currents, February, 1998
Folder 45 Jewish Currents, June, 1999
Folder 46 Jewish Currents, December, 1999
Folder 47 Jewish Currents, February, 2000
Folder 48 Jewish Currents, March, 2000
Folder 49 Jewish Currents, April, 2000
Folder 50 Jewish Currents, May, 2000
Folder 51 Jewish Currents, June, 2000
Folder 52 Jewish Currents, July-August, 2000
Folder 53 Jewish Currents, November, 2000
Folder 54 Jewish Currents, December, 2000
Folder 55 Jewish Currents, January, 2001
Folder 56 Jewish Currents, February, 2001
Folder 57 Jewish Currents, March, 2001
Folder 58 Jewish Currents, July-August, 2001
Folder 59 Jewish Currents, May-June, 2002
Folder 60 Jewish Currents, July-August, 2002
Folder 61 Jewish Currents, November-December, 2002
Folder 62 Jewish Currents, January-February, 2003
Folder 63 Jewish Currents, March-April, 2003
Folder 64 Jewish Currents, July-August, 2005
Folder 65 Jewish Currents, November-December, 2005
Folder 66 Jewish Currents, Janurary-February, 2007
Folder 67 Jewish Currents, March-April, 2007
Folder 68 Jewish Currents, September-October, 2007
Folder 69 Jewish Currents, November-December, 2007
Folder 70 Jewish Currents, January-February, 2008
Folder 71 Jewish Currents, March-April, 2008
Folder 72 Slavic Americans in the fight for Victory and Peace, By George Pirinsky, March, 1946
Folder 73 Struggle, Louis Adamic, 1935
Folder 74 Are We Aryans?, By Gino Bardi, May, 1939
Folder 75 Program for Survival , The Communist Position on the Jewish Question, By Alexander Bittelman
Folder 76 Crisis in Palestine, By Moses Miller, September, 1946
Folder 77 Should Jews Unite?, Jewish People's Unity As a Force for American National Unity, By Alexander Bittelman
Folder 78 "School Bulletin"
Folder 79 Viesti, March, 1933
Folder 80 Viesti, April, 1933
Folder 81 Viesti, May, 1933
Folder 82 "A Youth Fraternal Order" Pamphlet, 1931
Folder 83 "We saw Spain" IWO meeting flyer, 1936
Folder 84 Laging Una, V.16, N. 1, January 5 1965
Folder 85 "Anti-Semitism and Reaction, 1795-1800, By Morris U. Schappes
Folder 86 "The Ashes of Six Million Jews", By Fred Blair, 1946
Folder 87 "Nowhere to Lay Their Heads", The Jewish Tragedy in Europe and its Solution, By Victor Gollancz

Box 13
Folder 71 Poster Printed in Yiddish
Folder 72 Ten Years Artef, March, 1937
Folder 73 "Workmen's Circle 37th Convention Journal 17th Kinder Ring", May, 1937
Folder 74 Gewerkschaften, Fiftieth Anniversary Edition
Folder 75 Manila Envelope Addressed to Anna Luczecgko from the International Workers Order
Folder 76 Book Written in Yiddish December 20, 1935
Folder 77 Revolt of the Reapers, By Siskind Liev
Folder 78 Resistance is the Lesson: the Meaning of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
Folder 79 "The Strange World of Hannah Arendt", Maurice U. Schappes, 1963
Folder 80 Torchlight, "A Glance at the Old - A Look Ahead at the New"
Folder 81 "Where Are We Now?," 1956
Folder 82 I.W.O. on Parade, 1938
Folder 83 Letters to Anna Luczeczko, IWO member, 1939
Folder 84 IWO Duplicate Membership Form, 1939
Folder 85 Give Them Aid and Comfort - Solidarity Gifts

Series IX. Feminism, Gay, Lesbian

Scope and Content Notes:

The sexual and gender politics of leaders of the Old Left generally did not stray very far from conventional bourgeois norms, but their movements nonetheless offered political space for feminists and radical critics of the gender system. The dominant position within both the SPUSA and the CPUSA viewed the “Women Question” as a special case of the Class Question. Capitalism fostered discrimination against women as a way of maintaining a subservient reserve army of labor that could be used to divide workers and lower wages. Only socialism would solve the Women Question. Both parties officially supported equal rights for women and opposed gender discrimination, but top leaders rarely gave these issues priority.

Nonetheless, both parties offered political space for female activists concerned with gender issues and for thinkers with more penetrating critiques of the gender system than the standard Party orthodoxies. Women with organizational skills, oratorical flair, or literary talents gained visibility and political capital within these Parties as well as access to wider networks of political influence. Both the SPUSA and CPUSA published writings on gender issues that anticipated arguments more generally associated with post 1960s radical feminism.

Gender issues and critiques of the gender system became much more visible in the New Left than the Old. In part, that reflected the New Left’s greater emphasis on personal liberation and quality of life issues. In part, it reflected wider social changes that had started to undermine older gender norms and empowered women (globally as well as in the US)—declining birth rates and increased access to birth control; increased female labor force participation; increased female access to education.

This greater visibility of political critiques of the gender system also facilitated the emergence of radical movements among Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender sexual minorities. The Old Left rarely addressed questions of sexual identity or the oppression of sexual minorities. Neither the Socialist nor the Communist Party questioned heterosexual orthodoxy, although some anarchists did so occasionally. Some ex-Communists did play notable roles in the early stages of the Gay Rights movement such as several of the founders of the Mattachine Society. But the surge of radical feminism within the New Left encouraged far greater militancy and political visibility among LGBT activists.

Box 5
Folder 88 National News, Birth Control Pamphlet, November, 1936
Folder 89 The Mothers Bill of Rights Pamphlet
Folder 90 Feminist Revolution, 1975
Folder 91 The Rhythm Method of Natural Birth Control, By Joseph McCabe, 1934
Folder 92 Sister, New Haven's Women's Liberation Newsletter, February 1, 1972
Folder 93 Woman's Place-In the Fight for a Better World, By Elizabeth Gurley Flynn, March, 1947
Folder 94 Women & The Cuban Revolution, Speeches by Fidel Castro, Articles by Linda Jenness

Box 6
Folder 1 Sisterhood is Powerful, By Betsey Stone, December, 1970
Folder 2 "Women of New York, WPA Cuts Threaten Your Standard of Living" Flyer
Folder 3 Women- Vote for Life!, By Ann Rivington
Folder 4 Women in History, A Recreation of Our Past
Folder 5 Women and Equality, By Margaret Cowl, February, 1935
Folder 6 Women, War and Fascism, By Dorothy McConnell, December, 1935
Folder 7 Consider the Laundry Workers, By Jane Filley and Therese Mitchell, June, 1937
Folder 8 Women on Guard, How the Women of the World Fight for Peace, By Betty Millard, February, 1952
Folder 9 Women Who Work, By Grace Hutchins, 1952
Folder 10 What Every Working Woman Wants, By Grace Hutchins, February, 1935
Folder 11 Women in Action, By Sasha Small, February, 1935
Folder 12 Women in the Struggle for Peace and Security, By Claudia Jones, April, 1950
Folder 13 Win Magazine, January, 1970
Folder 14 The Gay Question, A Marxist Appraisal, By Bob McCubbin, 1976
Folder 15 Mattachine Review (8), November-December, 1955-December, 1956
Folder 16 Front Line of Freedom, 1981
Folder 17 Women and the New World
Folder 18 Betty Millard, "Woman Against Myth", 1948
Folder 19 Spectre 3, July-August 1971
Folder 20 Spectre 4, September-October 1971
Folder 21 Specter-6, January-February 1972
Folder 22 Socialist Feminism: A Strategy for the Women's Movement, 1972
Folder 23 Sister: New Haven Women's Liberation Newsletter V.1, N.7 1971

Box 14
Folder 1 The Furies, Lesbian Feminist Monthly, January, 1972- May-June, 1973
Folder 2 Elizabeth Cady Stanton on Socialism
Folder 3 Women of Yesterday and Today
Folder 4 Francis Willard on Socialism
Folder 5 Work Among Women
Folder 6 Lavender Woman
Folder 7 Lavender Vision Lavender Vision for the Lesbian Community
Folder 8 Liberation
Folder 9 "The Place of American Women" Pamphlet, 1968
Folder 10 "The Way We See It" Pamphlet, August 26 1970

Series X. Labor

Scope and Content Notes:

The SPUSA and the CPUSA, like virtually all left-wing organizations that considered themselves Marxist, described themselves as parties of the working class although significant portions of their membership were intellectuals, professionals, small business owners and farmers. Indeed, Trotsky, during his brief sojourn in NYC before the Bolshevik Revolution, is alleged to have described the American Socialist Party as a party of dentists and lawyers.

Since their theory told them that the working class was the agent of historical change, both parties considered participation in the daily workplace struggles of industrial workers as one of their highest political priorities. However, neither party reached consensus on how to relate to the labor movement. Both parties recruited nationally prominent labor organizers and trade union officials (e.g. Eugene Debs, William Z. Foster) as well as significant cohorts of local union officials and labor activists. But the majority of AFL (American Federation of Labor) unions subscribed to Samuel Gompers’ strategy of “pure and simple unionism” emphasizing short range limited goals such as wages, hours and working conditions and eschewing advocacy of utopian societal reconstruction such as socialism. Socialists and other radicals critical of the AFL organized the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) in 1905 as a revolutionary alternative, but many Socialists considered the IWW a sectarian and schismatic division of working class solidarity. Debates over how the Socialist Party should relate to the AFL or the IWW became one of the most important sources of the factional conflict that undermined the SPUSA.

Similar debates bedeviled the CPUSA. The Party shifted back and forth from a policy of “boring from within” the AFL to a policy of attacking the AFL and sponsoring rival revolutionary unions. Generally these shifts in CP trade union policies corresponded with shifts to the left or right in the Comintern line. In the years immediately after the Bolshevik Revolution, American Communists devoted considerable energy to recruiting the IWW to the Communist movement. As the worldwide revolutionary wave crested without successful revolutions anywhere but the Soviet Union, Soviet leaders sought to consolidate their power and to convince their followers around the world to settle in for a long period of inconclusive political struggle. They urged American Communists to abandon notions of pure revolutionary unions and seek to garner influence within the AFL instead. William Z. Foster, by far the most prominent labor leader in the CPUSA, had organized the Trade Union Education League (TUEL) for labor radicals in the AFL in 1920, and in 1922 the CPUSA and the Comintern adopted and subsidized the TUEL.

However, during the Third Period (1928-1935) as the Comintern dictated labor policies of pure revolutionary unionism, the CPUSA disbanded the TUEL and organized instead the Trade Union Unity League (TUUL) as a federation of revolutionary Communist unions organized as rivals to AFL unions. With the shift to the Popular Front in 1935, the CPUSA shifted back to engagement with the mainstream labor movement. Fortuitously, this shift corresponded with the appearance of the CIO in 1935. Communists devoted themselves to the CIO and played critical roles in organizing many of the CIO’s most important unions. Their dedication to the CIO earned them the regard of many trade unionists who did not necessarily agree with Communist ideology. The political capital Communists earned within the CIO was probably the most important source of the Party’s influence in the late 1930s and early 1940s.

The New Left also had difficulty deciding how to relate to the labor movement. As a middle class movement and as a movement that arose out of disappointment with the Old Left, many early New Leftists doubted Marxist formulations about the historic mission of the working class and tended to view labor union officials as part of the Establishment, e.g. part of the problem more than the solution. On the other hand, as New Leftists moved off campus to engage in civil rights campaigns or community organizing, many began to appreciate both the skills and dedication of veteran labor union activists. This shift in point of view was encouraged by small schismatic Old Left parties such as the Trotskyist Socialist Workers Party (SWP) and the Maoist Progressive Labor Party (PL), both of which had surprisingly large influence within the leading New Left student organization, Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) during SDS’s final years. Also, as increasing numbers of student activists graduated from universities they looked for meaningful strategies to continue radical political activity. A variety of New left offshoots, as well as such Old Left parties as the SWP and PL, encouraged them to take jobs in factories, coal mines, and trucking companies. Several thousand former SDS’s did so.

Box 6
Folder 24 Textile Strike Bulletin, July 22, 1931
Folder 25 Automation and Labor, By William Kashtan, October, 1964
Folder 26 Guaranteed Annual Wage, By Wyndham Mortimer, November 20, 1953
Folder 27 U.S. Labor Looks at Europe, 1951
Folder 28 The History of the Shorter Workday, 1942
Folder 29 A Manual of Industrial Unionism, Organizational Structure and Policies, By William Z. Foster, August, 1937
Folder 30 The Steel Workers and The Fight for Labor's Rights, By William Z. Foster, June, 1952
Folder 31 Organized Labor and the Fascist Danger, By William Z. Foster, August, 1947
Folder 32 Organized Labor Faces the New World, By William Z. Foster, May, 1945
Folder 33 The Strike Situation and Organized Labor's Wage and Job Strategy, By William Z. Foster, November, 1945
Folder 34 The Railroaders' Next Step- Amalgamation, By William Z. Foster
Folder 35 Organizing Methods in the Steel Industry, By William Z. Foster, October, 1936
Folder 36 Halt the Railroad Wage Cut, By William Z. Foster, October, 1938
Folder 37 What Means a Strike in Steel, By William Z. Foster, February, 1937
Folder 38 Stop Wage-Cuts & Layoffs on the Railroads, A Reply to President T.C. Cashen of the Switchmen's Union of North America, By William Z. Foster, April, 1938
Folder 39 Organize the Unorganized, By William Z. Foster
Folder 40 The C.I.O. Convention and National Unity, By Roy Hudson, December, 1941
Folder 41 Labor Unity, What AFL-CIO Merger Means for Workers, By George Morris, March, 1955
Folder 42 Miners Unite!, For One Class Struggle Union, By B. Frank
Folder 43 Little Brothers of the Big Labor Fakers, By William Z. Foster
Folder 44 Wrecking the Labor Banks, By William Z. Foster
Folder 45 "Do You Know Your Neighbor"
Folder 46 The Trade Union Unity League Today, Its Structure, Policy, Program and Growth, By Nathaniel Honig, June, 1934
Folder 47 The Trade Unions Since the N.R.A., By Nathaniel Honig, April, 1934
Folder 48 Kentucky Miners Fight, By Harry Gannes, 1932
Folder 49 Company Unions, By Robert W. Dunn
Folder 50 The White Collar Clarion, January, 1936
Folder 51 The Trade Union Unity League, Its Program, Structure, Methods and History
Folder 52 "Program of The Trade Union Educational League"
Folder 53 Photograph of a scene at the New Bedford Strike
Folder 54 Strike Strategy, By William Z. Foster, 1926
Folder 55 The Hearst Worker, January, 1935
Folder 56 Gastonia Citadel of the Class Struggle in the New South, By William F. Dunne, 1929
Folder 57 Solidarity, June, 1929
Folder 58 Industrial Worker, September 30, 1944
Folder 59 Industrial Worker, November 13, 1948
Folder 60 "General Organization Bulletin", May, 1936
Folder 61 Agricultural Workers Industrial Union Financial Statements (4), 1936
Folder 62 Industrial Worker, Official Newspaper of the Industrial Workers of the World, October, 2007
Folder 63 Showdown in Coal: The Struggle for Rank-And-File Unionism, By Linda and Pual Nyden, January, 1978
Folder 64 Issues of Labor Today (2), 1980
Folder 65 Workers' Education, A Quarterly Journal, February, 1924
Folder 66 Punchin' Out with the Mill Hunk Herald, February 1979
Folder 67 Punchin' Out with the Mill Hunk Herald, May 1979
Folder 68 Punchin' Out with the Mill Hunk Herald, August-September 1979
Folder 69 Punchin' Out with the Mill Hunk Herald, January-March 1980
Folder 70 Punchin' Out with the Mill Hunk Herald, April-June 1980
Folder 71 Punchin' Out with the Mill Hunk Herald, July-September 1980
Folder 72 Punchin' Out with the Mill Hunk Herald, October-December 1980
Folder 73 Punchin' Out with the Mill Hunk Herald, Spring 1981
Folder 74 Punchin' Out with the Mill Hunk Herald, Fall 1981
Folder 75 Punchin' Out with the Mill Hunk Herald, Winter 1981-1982
Folder 76 Punchin' Out with the Mill Hunk Herald, Spring 1982
Folder 77 Punchin' Out with the Mill Hunk Herald, Fall 1982
Folder 78 Punchin' Out with the Mill Hunk Herald, Spring 1983
Folder 79 Punchin' Out with the Mill Hunk Herald, Winter 1983-1984
Folder 80 Punchin' Out with the Mill Hunk Herald, Fall 1984
Folder 81 Punchin' Out with the Mill Hunk Herald, Spring 1985
Folder 82 Punchin' Out with the Mill Hunk Herald, Winter 1985-1986
Folder 83 Punchin' Out with the Mill Hunk Herald, Fall 1986
Folder 84 Punchin' Out with the Mill Hunk Herald, Summer 1987
Folder 85 Punchin' Out with the Mill Hunk Herald, Summer 1988

Box 14
Folder 11 "Community Council in Support of Labor Petitions"
Folder 12 "Tom Mooney" Files
Folder 13 "Smashing Chains, Labor Struggles in Pictures"
Folder 14 IWW -- Industrial Worker, November 6, 1920
Folder 15 Build Labor Party, 1946
Folder 16 LC News Letter Vol. 2, No. 3, March 1940
Folder 17 LC News Letter Vol. 2, No. 4, April 1940
Folder 18 LC News Letter Vol. 2, No. 5, May 1940
Folder 19 LC News Letter Vol. 2, No. 12, December 1939
Folder 20 LC News Letter Vol. 3, No. 1, January 1940
Folder 21 LC News Letter Vol. 3, No. 2, February 1940
Folder 22 LC News Letter Vol. 3, No. 6

Series XI. Leftist Organizations Thought in Relation to the Rest of the World and U.S. Economics/Imperialism

Scope and Content Notes:

Although they organized nationally based political parties, all of the Marxist parties considered themselves internationalists rather than nationalists. The SPUSA expressed this internationalism through its affiliation with the Socialist Second International. For the CPUSA its affiliation with the Communist Third International was even more fundamental to Party identity because the Comintern functioned in part as a franchising organization. The right of revolutionary activists anywhere in the world to call themselves Communist was contingent on their willingness to follow the discipline and policies of the Comintern. Therefore, not surprisingly both the SPUSA and the CPUSA paid close attention to events in many parts of the world and frequently circulated radical publications and pamphlets from other countries. Although New left organizations did not formally affiliate with bodies like the Second and Third Internationals, because the Vietnam War and more broadly Third World Revolution fundamentally shaped the New Left, New Left publications also addressed a wide range of international concerns and global issues.

Box 6
Folder 86 What are we doing in the Congo?, By Dr. Hyman Lumer, February, 1965
Folder 87 On Events in Czechoslovakia, Facts, Documents, Press Reports and Eye-Witness Accounts, 1968
Folder 88 76 Questions and Answers on the Bolsheviks and the Soviets, By Albert Rhys Williams
Folder 89 Freedom, Peace and Bread!, The Activities of the Executive Committee of the Communist International, Report by Wilhelm Pieck, October, 1935
Folder 90 Capitalist Stabilization Has Ended, Thesis and Resolutions of the Twelfth Plenum of the Executive Committee of the Communist International, September, 1932
Folder 91 Medical Relief Bulletin, Published by The Medical Bureau to Aid Spanish Democracy
Folder 92 The Social and State Structure of the U.S.S.R., By V. Karpinsky 1952
Folder 93 Toward a Land of Plenty, By A.I. Mikoyan, 1936
Folder 94 The Camp of Socialism and the Camp of Capitalism, By A.I. Mikoyan, 1952
Folder 95 Discurso Pronunciado En El XX Congreso Del P.C.U.S., By A.I. Mikoian, 1956
Folder 96 Soviet Economy, Twelve Questions Answered By P.S. Mstislavsky, November, 1962
Folder 97 The Struggle Against Imperialist War and the Tasks of the Communists, Resolution of the VI World Congress of the Communist International July-August, 1928, March, 1932
Folder 98 Turning Point in China, By Mao Tse-Tung, April, 1948
Folder 99 Whence the Differences?, A Reply to Thorez and Other Comrades, 1963
Folder 100 Long Live the Victory of the People's War!, In Commemoration of the 20th Anniversary of Victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japan, By Lin Pao, 1965
Folder 101 Indo-China and World Peace, By Richard Walker, June, 1954
Folder 102 Report on the War in Indo-China, By Nicholas Read-Collins
Folder 103 For World Peace and Freedom, A Survey of the Twenty-Five Years of Soviet International Policy, By Alexander A. Troyanovsky
Folder 104 Continuous Working Week in the Soviet Union
Folder 105 Marx, Engels and Lenin on Ireland, By Ralph Fox, 1940
Folder 106 Japan's Drive for Conquest, By Grace Hutchins, 1935
Folder 107 Terror in Kenya, The Facts Behind the Present Crisis, December, 1952
Folder 108 Der Tag Begann..., Freiheit und Unabhangigkeit fur alle Volker
Folder 109 From the February Revolution to the October Revolution 1917, By A.F. Ilyin-Genevsky, 1931
Folder 110 The Next Step In Britain, America and Ireland, Speeches and Reports By Gusev, Pollitt, Troy and Pringle
Folder 111 Professionals in a Soviet America, By Edward Magnus, November, 1935
Folder 112 The Telephone and Telegraph Workers, By Hy Kravif, 1935

Box 7
Folder 1 This is America, By Derek Kartun, 1947
Folder 2 "Burning Cards and Flaming Villages", By James E. Jackson
Folder 3 Soviet Impressions, After an Interval of Eighteen Years, 1932-1950, By Dr. John A. Kingsbury
Folder 4 What Russia Did for Victory, By Sergei Kournakoff, October, 1945
Folder 5 Anti-Soviet Sabotage Exposed, By G.M. Krzhyzhanovsky
Folder 6 The Twenty-One Conditions of Admission Into the Communist International, By O. Piatnitsky, February, 1934
Folder 7 Communism in Latin America, A Report on Power Politics, By Stanley Ross, 1947
Folder 8 The Communist Party of France Manifesto
Folder 9 Les Conditions de la Grandeur Francais, January, 1959
Folder 10 L'Aggravation de la Situation Economique et Sociale et les Solutions Proposees par le Parti Communiste, January, 1959
Folder 11 La Lutte Pour la Restauration et la Renovation de la Democratie, January, 1959
Folder 12 Grasp the Weapon of Culture!, By V.J. Jerome, 1951
Folder 13 Do You Know Thaelmann?, By Henri Barbusse, June, 1934
Folder 14 The Revolutionary Crisis of 1918-1921 in Germany, England, Italy and France, By William Foster
Folder 15 Anti-Fascist Italy Speaks for a Government of Peace and Freedom in Italy!, Appeal of the "Italian National Front" at the Underground Conference in Milan, December, 1942
Folder 16 The Second International in Dissolution, By Bela Kun
Folder 17 15 Years of the Communist International
Folder 18 Our Ally The Soviet Union, By Robert Minor, January, 1942
Folder 19 Socialism Marches On in the Soviet Union, By James B. Turner, 1937
Folder 20 One War To Defeat Hitler, By Robert Minor, November, 1941
Folder 21 Japan Wars on the U.S.A., By Grace Hutchins, December, 1941
Folder 22 The Soviet Law On Marriage, 1933
Folder 23 The Assassination of Kirov, Proletarian Justice Versus White-Guard Terror, By M. Katz, February, 1935
Folder 24 Wyndham Mortimer Meets The Soviet Auto Workers
Folder 25 25 Years of Soviet Power, By Emelyan Yaroslavsky
Folder 26 The National Question in the Soviet Union, By M. Chekalin, June, 1941
Folder 27 The Red Army, June, 1934
Folder 28 Russian Women in the Building of Socialism, By Anna Razumova
Folder 29 The USSR Today, 50 Years of Socialism, By George Morris, January, 1967
Folder 30 The USSR and Finland, Historical, Economic, Political Facts and Documents, 1939
Folder 31 A History of Soviet Foreign Policy, By M. Ross, December, 1940
Folder 32 The Revolt on the Armoured Cruiser "Potemkin", By A. Kanatchikov
Folder 33 The Communists and the Liberation of Europe, By Maxine Levi, March, 1945
Folder 34 Book Publishing Under Tzarism, By M.S. Kedrov, 1932
Folder 35 The Individual in Soviet Law, By Leon Josephson, 1957
Folder 36 At the Moscow Trial, By D.N. Pritt, K.C., M.P., 1937
Folder 37 Russia and the United States in War & Peace, By Daniel Howard, 1943
Folder 38 Espionage, Foreign Secret Service Recruiting Methods Against the Soviet Union, By S. Uranov, July, 1937
Folder 39 What About Russia?, An Honest Reply to Honest Questions, By Anna Louise Strong
Folder 40 What I Saw In The Soviet Union Today, By George Morris, August, 1959
Folder 41 A Tale of Two Workers, By David Englestein and Carl Hirsch, July, 1949
Folder 42 The Road to Woman's Freedom, By K. Kirsanova, January, 1935
Folder 43 Mita Sosialifascismi, Sen Historiallinen ja Teoreettinen Tausta, By Earl Browder, 1934
Folder 44 Soviet Woman, A Citizen With Equal Rights, By N. K. Krupskaya, 1937
Folder 45 Russia Our Ally, By A. Keesing
Folder 46 Protection of Motherhood and Childhood in the Soviet Union, 1933
Folder 47 New Aspects of Imperialism (2), By Peter Wieden, April, 1941
Folder 48 War in Africa, Italian Fascism Prepares to Enslave Ethiopia, By James W. Ford and Harry Gannes, June, 1935
Folder 49 This Is Our Enemy, By Peter Wieden, March, 1943
Folder 50 Spain Defends Democracy, August, 1936
Folder 51 "Speech by Harold L. Ickes Secretary of the Interior To the 2nd American Slav Congress", 1944
Folder 52 Assorted American Congress/League for Peace and Democracy Documents
Folder 53 "Draft Program and Purpose for 1939 As Submitted by the Executive Board to the National Congress", December 20, 1938
Folder 54 "How Cuba Uprooted Race Discrimination", By Harry Ring, June, 1961
Folder 55 "Italy Under Fascism", Its Economic, Political and Moral Aspects, Discussed By Professor Gaetano Salvemini and Professor Bruno Roselli, February, 1927
Folder 56 "The Fate of Trade Unions Under Fascism", By Francis J. Gorman, Alfons Goldschmidt, and Gaetano Salvemini, April, 1937
Folder 57 "Geography of Korea", By V.T. Zaichikov, 1952
Folder 58 "300 Million Slaves and Serfs", Labor Under the Fascist New Economic Order, By Jurgen Kuczynski, 1943
Folder 59 "American Economic Imperialism", A Survey of the Literature, By William Caspary
Folder 60 "The Austrian Civil War", By James O'Neal
Folder 61 "What is the Five Year Plan?", Building Up Socialism
Folder 62 "Primera Conferencia Sindical Mundial de la Juventud Trabajadora", 1958
Folder 63 "Tito's Plot Against Europe", The Story of the Rajk Conspiracy in Hungary, By Derek Kartun, 1950
Folder 64 "The Counter-Revolutionary Forces in the October Events in Hungary"
Folder 65 "Who Fights for a Free Cuba?", By Martin Kaye and Louise Perry
Folder 66 "What Next in France?", By Maurice Thorez, November, 1948
Folder 67 "The Epic of the Black Sea Revolt", By Andre Marty, March, 1941
Folder 68 "The Unity of the French Nation", By Maurice Thorez, 1936
Folder 69 "Le Front Populaire C'est la Guerre", June, 1937
Folder 70 "Cinq Ans de Dictature Hitlerienne", By N. Marceau, 1938
Folder 71 "French Miners Say", 1953
Folder 72 "How France Was Betrayed", By Andre Marty, May, 1941
Folder 73 "Where France Begins", What I Saw In Algiers, By Frank Pitcairn
Folder 74 "L'Heure de la France a Sonne", By Andre Marty, 1943
Folders 75 Pour la Veritable Grandeur Francaise, "La Lutte Pour L'Union des Forces Democratiques et Nationales", January, 1959
Folder 76 "Juifs Russes", Le Bund et le Sionisme, Un Voyage D'Etudes
Folder 77 "Pour L'Ecole de Peuple", By G. Cogniot
Folder 78 "Les Francs-Tireurs et Partisans Francais", By Fernand Grenier, 1944
Folder 79 "Des Jeunes Qui Servent L'Interet de la France", January, 1959
Folder 80 "The Truth About Korea"
Folder 81 "The Crisis in India", By James S. Allen, September, 1942
Folder 82 "Hands-Off Guatemala!"
Folder 83 "The Struggle for Liberation in Brazil", By Luis Carlos Prestes June, 1936
Folder 84 "Brazil", By Bryan Green, 1937
Folder 85 "Formosa", Fact and Fiction, By John W. Powell
Folder 86 "The Economics of Barbarism", Hitler's New Economic Order in Europe, By J. Kuczynski and M. Witt, 1942
Folder 87 "Ernst Thaelmann", The Leader of the German Workers, By R. Groetz, July, 1934
Folder 88 "El Salvador: Is There No Limit to U.S. Lies?", February 27, 1981
Folder 89 NACLA's Latin America & Empire Report, "Women's Labor, Also: Women in Chile", September, 1975
Folder 90 "El Salvador"
Folder 91 "Soviet Democracy and the War", By William Z. Foster, December, 1943
Folder 92 "Haiti Faces Tomorrow's Peace", By Max L. Hudicourt
Folder 93 "Youth in the World War", By V. Motyleva
Folder 94 "Vietnamese Intellectuals Against U.S. Aggression", 1966
Folder 95 "The Truth About Anti-Semitism in the Soviet Union", By Tom O'Connor
Folder 96 "Soviet 'Anti-Semitism' - The Big Lie!", By Moses Miller
Folder 97 "Religion Today in the U.S.S.R.", By Rev. William Howard Melish
Folder 98 Crisis in the Middle East, "Which Way Israel?", By A.B. Magil, February, 1956
Folder 99 "A Churchman Examines American-Soviet Relations", By Rev. William Howard Melish
Folder 100 "We Were There", A Report on the World Jewish Conference Against German Rearmament, June 18-19, 1955, Paris, France, October, 1955
Folder 101 Dissent, A Culture in Torment, "The Plight of the Jews in the Soviet Union", By David W. Weiss July-August, 1966

Box 14
Folder 23 Assorted "Informacion Italiana" Publications, 1944-1945

Series XII. New Left Organizations

Scope and Content Notes:

In contrast to the Old Left, the New Left did not feature tightly knit organizations with bureaucratic structures, disciplined policy formation, strategic planning, or even something as simple as formal membership lists. Instead “the Movement,” as participants frequently called it, consisted of a wildly fluctuating body of free-floating activists united by a common political style and sensibility. This section of the American Left Ephemera collection includes ephemera produced by a broad range of single issue organizations, short-lived local organizing committees, ad hoc groups, and underground newspapers. Also included here are publications of the Radical Education Project, a New Left publishing cooperative—loosely affiliated with SDS-- located in Ann Arbor and later Detroit, Michigan; and portions of the National Guardian, an Old Left newspaper founded by fellow travelers in 1948 that made a transition to New Left orientation in the 1960s.

See also SDS, SPU, Vietnam,Feminism

Box 7
Folder 102 "Patching Up the Movement", A First Aid Manual, By Linda Borenstein, John Johansson and Richard Winklestern
Folder 103 "The Meaning of Economic Imperialism", By James O'Connor
Folder 104 "Stock Ownership and the Control of Corporations", By Don Villarejo
Folder 105 "I'd Rather Vote for Something I Want...", A Brief Introduction to the Human Rights Party Pamphlet
Folder 106 "The Other Israel", A Critique of Zionist History and Policy, By the Israeli Socialist Organization (MATZPEN)
Folder 107 "Free Lee Thomas & the Lansing 7" Flyer
Folder 108 "The Chairman!", Classwar Comix
Folder 109 "The People's Party" Flyer
Folder 110 "Rostow's Stages of Economic Growth through Escalation to Nuclear Destruction", By Andre Gunder Frank
Folder 111 "The Human Rights Party, Ann Arbor City Council Record" Pamphlet
Folder 112 Assorted Letterheads (5) for Various Leftist Groups
Folder 113 Monthly Planet, October 3, 1969
Folder 114 Assorted Papers (3) from the Peace and Freedom Club, 1968
Folder 115 CNVA Bulletin, May 3, 1962
Folder 116 Spring Movement, April 8, 1971
Folder 117 "How to Research Your Own Hometown", By Robert K. Lamb
Folder 118 "The Decline of American Radicalism in the Twentieth Century", By Gabriel Kolko
Folder 119 Philadelphia Free Press (2), September 15, 1969 and December 15, 1970
Folder 120 "The Earth Belongs to the People", Ecology & Power, 1970
Folder 121 "San Diego Convention Coalition", 1972
Folder 122 "Genetic Engineering", Science and Society Series, November, 1973
Folder 123 Issue!, April 15, 1968
Folder 124 34th Street, October 11, 1966
Folder 125 "The Struggle Inside"
Folder 126 "Basis of Unity for the Campus Anti-Imperialist Coalition"
Folder 127 "New Left May Day Manifesto", 1967
Folder 128 "On University Neutrality" May, 1970
Folder 129 "Suggestions for RSU Structure and Committees for Fall Quarter"
Folder 130 "Where It's At", A Research Guide for Community Organizing, By Jill Hamberg, 1967
Folder 131 Flyer for a Benefit Concert for Senator George McGovern
Folder 132 "Trashman the Avenger" Comic
Folder 133 "Call to Public Vigil and Witness" Flyer, November 1965
Folder 134 "Davin City Council" Flyer
Folder 135 "Guess Who's Coming to Palo Alto?" Flyer, April 8 1972
Folder 136 The Sewer, V.1, N.1, May 3 1967
Folder 137 The Sewer: The Van Nuys Underground V. IV, N, 5, 1969
Folder 138 Invitation letter to 23rd Testimonial Dinner of the Los Angeles Committee for the Defense of the Bill of Rights, November 8 1973
Folder 139 "Yeah A Look at the White Problem" Pamphlet, December 1963

Box 8
Folder 1 "Who Makes the Violence? a forum on Police-Citizen Confrontation" Flyer, September 15 1968
Folder 2 "Don't Shop at Hudsons Boycott Farrah Pants" Flyer, December 1973
Folder 3 An Open Letter to President Kennedy, November 16 1961
Folder 4 "The Youth Peace Corps and the Cold War" Memo, 1961
Folder 5 "The Pacifist Ethic and Humanism" Pamphlet, ca. 1961
Folder 6-19 The Spectacle - Vol. 1 No. 1-Vol. 3 No. 4, March 1974-January 1976

Box 14
Folder 24 The New Liberator, March 16 1962
Folder 25 The New Liberator, June 7 1962
Folder 26 "No More Broken Treaties" Flyer
Folder 27 La Wisp (3), May-June, 1969 and October, 1969
Folder 28 Freedom is a Constant Struggle--Defend Victims of Racism and Repression
Folder 29 Outcry from Occupied Berkeley
Folder 30 Anti-Imperialist Peoples' Communique June 19th, 1972
Folder 31 "Balls The Ungarbled Word", 1968
Folder 32 "Resistance At Penn" Flyer, April 11 1967
Folder 33 The Two Souls Of Socialism, by Hal Draper, 1966
Folder 34 People Against Rizzo Newsletter, 1971
Folder 35 General Meeting Campus Anti-Imperialist Coalition Flyer, March 1 1972
Folder 36 Peace, Freedom, Jobs Flyer, March 28 1970
Folder 37 California-Berkeley Bail Bucket Flyer

Series XIII. Other Radical/Leftist Organizations

Scope and Content Notes:

Basically this section of the collection is catch all for a variety of material does not fit obviously into other categories or includes too few items to merit an entire section of its own.

Box 8
Folder 20 "The Demands of Democracy", By Eugene J. McCarthy
Folder 21 "Four More Nixon Years?" Pamphlet
Folder 22 The Southern Patriot, November, 1958
Folder 23 The Southern Patriot, December, 1976
Folder 24 "Impeach Nixon No Deals, Force Congress to Impeach Nixon"
Folder 25 "The Whole World is Watching! Inauguration Day '69" Flyer, 1969
Folder 26 Letter from George McGovern
Folder 27 "Exploring Nonviolent Action", A Guide to Research, By George Lakey, April, 1970
Folder 28 "Monthly Review Press", Spring 1969, 1969
Folder 29 "Hugh Hardyman 1902-1960"
Folder 30 Flyer for the Peace and Freedom Party Nominee for Lieutenant Governor, Clyde Kuhn, 1986
Folder 31 "Poverty Amidst Plenty", A Scientific Anachronism
Folder 32 "For a Labor Party in Connecticut"
Folder 33 The American Progress, November 9, 1933
Folder 34 "The A.F.T. Strike Continues!!", Policy on the First Week of the Semester
Folder 35 "Building Economic Alternatives", A Quarterly Publication of Co-op America, Spring 1986, 1986
Folder 36 "March for Economic Survival, Saturday-September 28, 1974 August 20, 1974
Folder 37 Flyers (4)Calling People to March and Protest, 1974
Folder 38 Southern Exposure, "Here Come a Wind", Labor on the Move, 1976
Folder 39 Southern Exposure, "Growing Up Southern", 1980
Folder 40 Southern Exposure, "Festival", Celebrating Southern Literature, 1981
Folder 41 Southern Exposure, "Stayed on Freedom", 1981
Folder 42 Fact Sheet, Details of the Community Control of the Police Proposition January, 1971
Folder 43 "Too Much Garbage from City Council"
Folder 44 "A Short Introduction to Consumers' Cooperation", By Ellis Cowling, 1935
Folder 45 "Disarm the Corporations"
Folder 46 The Principal Principle, June, 1931
Folder 47 "The Big Guns", By Matthew Josephson, January 14, 1956
Folder 48 "Technocracy an Interpretation", By Stuart Chase, 1933
Folder 49 "Smog over Los Angeles", 1959
Folder 50 "Rich Man Poor Man", By Ryllis Alexander Goslin & Omar Pancost Goslin, 1935
Folder 51 Issues of World Events (14), By Scott Nearing, 1947-1948
Folder 52 "In Memoriam of Victor Alter Henryk Erlich", March 30, 1943
Folder 53 "Our Maturing Fascism", By Hugh Hardyman, 1949
Folder 54 "Synthesis is our Only Possibility", By Bob Dickens
Folder 55 Flyer from the National Organization for an American Revolution
Folder 56 "San Francisco and the Un-American Activities Committee"
Folder 57 IS Bulletin, May 15, 1971
Folder 58 "Economics for Beginners", Elementary Economics in Simple Language, By John Keracher, 1935
Folder 59 "Are Our Banks Betraying Us?", By Alfred Wayland, 1932
Folder 60 Flyers for "Food Not Bombs" and The Conscious Alliance
Folder 61 "What They Won't Tell You About Jobs and Prices", The Unemployment- Inflation Trap and the Way Out of It, By Edward Boorstein October, 1980
Folder 62 "The Socialization of Money", By E.F. Mylius
Folder 63 "Inaugural Address"
Folder 64 "The World's Crisis Analyzed- Solution Offered", Open Letter to President Harding, By H.L.A. Holman
Folder 65 The Industrial Communist (2), September, 1920 and May, 1921
Folder 66 "Countdown to a Nuclear Moratorium", Environmental Action Foundation, April, 1976
Folder 67 Progressive Student Union Rearguard, 1990
Folder 68 "Somebody Had to Say 'the emperor wears no clothes'"
Folder 69 "Come Home, America", A Flyer for Democratic Presidential Candidate George McGovern
Folder 70 General Informational Sheet for a March in Harrisburg
Folder 71 "Use Nuclear Electric Power and Reduce Oil Dependency" Flyer
Folder 72 "Era Walk '80" Flyer, October 18, 1980
Folder 73 Flyer for "Boycott GE Products Until General Electric Gets Out of the Nuclear Business"
Folder 74 "What's Wrong With Big Rock? Plenty!!" Flyer
Folder 75 Flyer Calling for Support of Haitian Refugees
Folder 76 "Let There be a World", By Felix Greene, 1963
Folder 77 "Watts Uprising '65"
Folder 78 "The Making of a Pollution-Industrial Complex", By Martin Gellen, 1970
Folder 79 "The Real Cuba as Three Candidates Saw it", June, 1964
Folder 80 "N.A.C.L.A. Research Methodology Guide"
Folder 81 "A New Look at Cuba", The Challenge to Kennedy, By Jesse Gordon and Gen. Hugh B. Hester
Folder 82 Flyer for a Rally for McCarthy
Folder 83 Pamphlet about the SLATE Organization
Folder 84 "Aid Victims of Southern Africa's Rule of Terror" Pamphlet
Folder 85 "Strike" Pamphlet
Folder 86 Program for "The Snow Fairy", 1912
Folder 87 "WorkForce Resource Guide: Organizing" Newspaper
Folder 88 Assorted Anti-Nixon Memorabilia
Folder 89 "I Support Consumers Education and Protective Association" card
Folder 90 "Boycott the Elections!" Marxist-Lenist Party Red Women's Detachment
Folder 91-118 The People's Tribune - Vol. 9 No. 8-Vol. 10 No. 10, April 12, 1982-May 10, 1983
Folder 119 Underground - Vol. 1 No. 2, March 1971
Folder 120-164 National Guardian, April 12, 1954- April 6, 1968 ()

Box 9
Folder 1-195 National Guardian, April 13, 1968- October 17, 1970

Box 14
Folder 38 The Progressive, Hidden History of the United States Calendar, 1982
Folder 39 Students Picket Churchill at Columbia
Folder 40 "Five Years of Hitler"
Folder 41 "America of the Rich, by the Rich, and for the Rich"
Folder 42 "A Blueprint for America", Peoples' Party of the United States
Folder 43 "Prospects of American Radicalism", American Socialist Publications
Folder 44 "Where Are We Going?", Hugh Hardyman
Folder 45 "Free Our Political Prisoners" Pamphlet, ca. 1919

Section: Lovestonites

Scope and Content Notes:

In 1929 the CPUSA expelled former Party General Secretary Jay Lovestone and a substantial group of followers including Benjamin Gitlow, the CP’S 1924 and 1928 VP candidate. The Lovestone group supported the Soviet faction aligned with Nicholai Bukharin and opposed Comintern Third Period polices which they considered (correctly) sectarian and impractical. Initially the Lovestone group considered itself a loyal opposition to the officially recognized leadership of the CPUSA, but gradually developed a separate organizational identity. Although the group’s membership never exceeded a few hundred, it had more influence than might be expected both because officials in several unions respected the advice of prominent Lovestoneites and because the group included several important public intellectuals. Lovestone went on to a career as an activist against Communist influence in the labor movement, both domestic and foreign, and an advisor to portions of the U.S. national security apparatus concerned about that issue.

Box 10
Folder 1 "Marx and America" by Bertram Wolfe, 1934
Folder 2 "The Crisis in the Communist Party, U.S.A", Statement of the Principles of the Communist Party (Majority Group), February, 1930
Folder 3 "Pro-War Communism", By Veritas, 1937

Series XIV. Popular Front Culture

Scope and Content Notes:

The Popular Front grew out of the mutual recognition of Communists and non-Communist leftists in the mid-1930s that they needed to join forces against the threat of fascism. Formalization of this recognition included the 1935 shift in the Comintern line from Third Period policies that had mandated that Communists attack others on the Left as “social fascists” to Popular Front policies for a united front of the Left, and the electoral alliances that led to victories in 1936 elections in France and Spain.

In the US, the Popular Front functioned like the left wing of the New Deal. It drew support disproportionately from ethnics and racial minorities—e.g. immigrants and their children of Eastern and Southern European heritage, especially Eastern European Jews, and African Americans and Mexican-Americans. Popular Fronters championed the CIO, supported the Spanish Republic and the Abraham Lincoln Brigade, and campaigned for racial equality. It was also a cultural movement as well as a political movement featuring a left-patriotic ethos and a set of stylistic preferences including topical songs in a folk motif, populist paintings inspired by the example of the Mexican muralists, agit-prop Brechtian theater, and social realist literature. A startling array of cultural producers who were either already famous or would later become so participated in Popular Front culture.

Box 10
Folder 4 From These Honored Dead..., By David McKelvy White and James Hawthorne
Folder 5 Photograph of Aiding State Trooper Michael Murray as He Lies on the Ground September 4, 1949
Folder 6 Wendell Phillips, By James J. Green, 1943
Folder 7 Poems for Workers, An Anthology, Edited by Manuel Gomez
Folder 8 "Ajut Infantil De Reraguarda" Flyer
Folder 9 "One Year of the Writers and Artists Committee for Medical Aid to Spain" Pamphlet, January-December, 1937
Folder 10 "Marxism and Culture No. I", A Brief Bibliography of Marxism and the Arts, Edited by Louis Harp
Folder 11 Hear...Ludwig Renn, Chief of Staff of International Brigades, 1937
Folder 12 Medical Bureau & North American Committee to Aid Spanish Democracy Flyers (2)
Folder 13 20 Years After, 1914-1934, By James Lerner
Folder 14 "Critics Group Dialectics #1" Pamphlet, 1937
Folder 15 Issues #2, #4 and #5 of Critics Group Dialectics Stories
Folder 16 The Brave and the Blind, A One-Act Drama, By Michael Blankfort, 1937
Folder 17 Issues #3, #6 and #10 of Partisan Review, November-December, 1953,Summer, 1955, and October, 1948
Folder 18 Washington and Lincoln, The American Tradition, By Joseph North
Folder 19 Photograph of Men from The New York State Young Communist League Boycotting Japanese Goods

Series XV. Progressive Party

Scope and Content Notes:

Former Vice President Henry Wallace ran for President on a third party Progressive ticket in 1948. The Progressive Party emphasized three themes: opposition to Cold War policies, expansion of New Deal reform towards something closer to European social democracy, and racial equality. Serious discussion of a possible left third party began in 1946. In its earliest stages this movement drew support from a broad array of New Dealers, officials and activists in state third parties such as the New York American Labor Party, the Minnesota Farmer Labor Party, or the Washington Commonwealth Federation (more of a faction in the Washington State Democratic Party than a third party), CIO officials, and left-wing intellectuals.

The Communists, at first, were not enthusiastic both because the Progressive Party might be a competitor on the Left and because the international Communist line was shifting toward a more sectarian posture less welcoming of united fronts. But, as the Cold War heated up, the Progressives’ anti-Cold War posture caused the CP to shift toward enthusiastic support for the Progressive Party. However, the CP’s active engagement with the Progressive Party undermined much of its non-Communist support. Wallace’s disappointing 1948 popular vote--barely more than 2% after initial projections of perhaps 10 to 20%--further discouraged those non-Communists who had stuck with the organization. The Party faltered on through the 1952 campaign, but was justifiably viewed by most non-Communist observers as little more than a Communist front.

Box 10
Folder 20 "We Propose this Program of Peace and Abundance for the People of North Carolina" Pamphlet, 1948
Folder 21 IPP Record
Folder 22 Draft Platform Progressive Party of North Carolina, April 25 1948 ( 3)
Folder 23 Progressive Party Platform, 1952
Folder 24 "Public Affairs Pamphlet No. 1, A Program For Jobs In N.Y. State", Issued By Council on Public Affairs, N.Y. State American Labor Party
Folder 25 "Could Peace Cost So Much?" Flyer, 1952
Folder 26 "The Other Evil", The Truth About the 1952 Elections, By Vito Marcantonio
Folder 27 "He Thinks Right"
Folder 28 Flyer Discussing Police Brutality in Detroit, 1948
Folder 29 Tribune Record, April 17, 1953
Folder 30 Flyer for The Progressive Party of Delaware
Folder 31 "We Can Have Homes"
Folder 32 "The Third Party and the 1948 Elections", By Eugene Dennis, March, 1948
Folder 33 A Flyer from the Young Progressives of Ohio
Folder 34 "The 3rd Party", By Adam Lapin
Folder 35 Flyer Encouraging People to Vote for the Progressive Party
Folder 36 "The Outlook for the N.Y. City Elections", By Simon W. Gerson
Folder 37 "Speak up for Peace"
Folder 38 Flyer to Vote for Henry Steinberg
Folder 39 "YOU Can Stop the Korean War YOU Can Stop World War 3 With a VOTE" Flyer, 1952
Folder 40 "Fed Up..." Flyer, ca. 1938

Box 14
Folder 46 Progressive Party of Philadelphia Letter, November 17, 1954
Folder 47 "Knock on Any Door!", Progressive Party
Folder 48 Pamphlet to Elect Progressive Party Candidate Mrs. Charlotta Bass
Folder 49 "Your Vote Can Stop the War in Korea Now!" Pamphlet
Folder 50 "Vote for Wallace" Flyer

Series XVI. Socialist Labor Party (SLP)

Scope and Content Notes:

The Socialist Labor Party began in 1876 as the Workingmen’s Party of the United States, renamed the Socialistic Labor Party in 1877. A tiny remnant survives today.

Its only notable successes occurred in the years immediately after the 1877 railroad strike near the end of the bitter 1870s depression. The railroad strike had been as much a popular insurrection as a conventional strike. Fueled both by the anger that had provoked this insurrection and the sense of empowerment that it had kindled, significant numbers of U.S. workers turned to third party protest voting between 1877 and 1880. Most of those protest votes went to the Greenback-Labor Party, but the SLP drew substantial votes and elected local officials and state legislators in many Midwestern cities with substantial German immigrant populations.

The Party faded badly in the early 1880s because of a split between Marxists and anarchists, an upswing in the economy, and the rise of the Knights of Labor, a more credible organizational home for working-class activists than the SLP. In the early 1890s a charismatic intellectual, Daniel De Leon, took over leadership of what was left of the party. Although De Leon was an original thinker—Lenin praised him as the only American to make noteworthy contribution to Marxist theory—he was a terrible organizer, so irascible and dogmatic that he repeatedly drove people away from the organization.

Despite De Leon’s flaws the Party expanded in the 1890s benefitting from another Depression beginning in 1893, the surge of political energy accompanying the Populist movement, and publicity surrounding the announcement that railroad union leader Eugene Debs had converted to socialism. Inevitably, however, these new recruits came into conflict with the De Leonites. They joined with other socialist factions to found the Socialist Party of the United States (SPUSA) in 1901. The new party quickly eclipsed the SLP.

De Leon and his followers had one more story to tell. They played a key role on the founding of the IWW (Industrial Workers of the World) in 1905. Inevitably De Leon had a falling out with others in the IWW leadership, and left the organization to form a rival IWW faction in 1908.

Box 10
Folder 41 "1940 Platform...No Peace Without Socialism!"
Folder 42 "Karl Marx, The Man and His Work and the Constructive Elements of Socialism", Three Lectures and Two Essays By Karl Dannenberg, 1918
Folder 43 "Socialist Reconstruction of Society", The Industrial Vote, By Daniel De Leon
Folder 44 Grand March Festival Given By The Socialists of St. Paul, Minn. at Germania Turner Hall, 1894
Folder 45 A Socialist Labor Party Envelope and Ticket
Folder 46 Three Letters to Sections and Members of the S.L.P., February 23 and 27, 1918
Folder 47 "Economic Basis of Education", By Aaron M. Orange, 1942
Folder 48 "A Socialist Labor Party Statement, What Can Be Done About Unemployment?"
Folder 49 "The Fetishism of Liberty", By Harry Waton, 1917
Folder 50 "From Reform to Bayonets", By Arnold Petersen, May, 1947
Folder 51 Multiple Socialist Labor Party Documents Addressed to Samuel Johnson
Folder 52 "Anti-Semitism, Its Cause and Cure Daniel de Leon", 1921
Folder 53 "Socialism: World Without Race Prejudice", By Eric Hass
Folder 54 "Unionism: Fraudulent of Genuine?", By Nathan Karp, 1962
Folder 55 "Democracy", Past, Present and Future, By Arnold Petersen, 1962
Folder 56 1964 Platform or the Socialist Labor Party of America, 1964
Folder 57 "Discussion Bulletin", February, 1986
Folder 58 Flyer for a Musical and Lecture
Folder 59 "Socialist Album", 1896
Folder 60 Christmas Entertainment Newsletter, December 27 1896
Folder 61 "Winter Evening Agitation Meetings" leaflet, 1894

Box 14
Folder 51 "Vote for the Socialist Labor Party" Flyer

Series XVII. Socialist Party USA (SPUSA)

Scope and Content Notes:

Founded in 1901 by disgruntled members of the Socialist Labor Party and other Socialist factions, the party became the most electorally successful left-wing party in US history. It reached a peak membership of almost 120,000 in 1912 and again in 1919, and drew about 3% of the national popular vote in the elections of 1904, 1908, 1916, and 1920 and 6% in 1912. During these years the Party elected congressmen from New York City and Milwaukee, several dozen state legislators and perhaps as many as a thousand local officials including mayors of such major cities as Milwaukee and Minneapolis.

As a result of the 1919 split within their ranks between the Party’s Old Guard and those that wanted the Party to join the emerging Communist movement and the effects of government repression, the Socialist Party collapsed in the early 1920s. The Party endorsed Progressive Party candidate Robert La Follette in the 1924 presidential campaign and that endorsement masked the Party’s weakness. La Follette drew nearly 17% of the national popular vote. Moreover La Follette had failed to achieve Progressive Party ballot status in several large states and only appeared there as a Socialist. Socialists could thus claim enough of the La Follette vote as their own to argue that their 1924 totals compared favorably to the percentages they had received between 1904 and 1920. But in 1928 when Norman Thomas made the first of his six presidential runs the Socialist vote was down to 0.7%.

The depression appeared to revive the Socialist Party in the early 1930s. Thomas expanded his presidential vote percentage to 2.2% in 1932, and in 1934 the Party elected mayors in Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Bridgeport, Connecticut; and Reading, Pennsylvania. Thereafter the Party found itself caught between a rapidly expanding Communist Party on one side and a Democratic Party that shifted to the Left after 1934. A substantial portion of the Party membership and leadership, including David Dubinsky and Sidney Hillman, leaders of International Ladies Garment Workers Union (ILGWU) and the Amalgamated Clothing Workers Union (ACWU), two of the Party’s bastions, argued that Socialists should endorse FDR in 1936. When the top Party leadership refused to consider this, they seceded forming a rival Social Democratic Federation that did endorse Roosevelt. Thomas’s vote fell to 0.4% in 1936. The Party continued to run candidates thereafter—up to the present—but rarely did much better than other tiny left-wing factions such as the Socialist Labor Party (SLP) or the Socialist Workers Party (SWP).

Box 10
Folder 62 "Which Road for American Workers, Socialist or Communist?", January, 1936
Folder 63 Assorted Socialist Party-Social Democratic Convention Papers
Folder 64 "Public Ownership Here and Abroad", By Harry W. Laidler, 1931
Folder 65 "An Appeal to the Young", By P. Kropotkin
Folder 66 The Melting Pot, Home Again With the Melting Pot, June, 1918
Folder 67 "The Germs of War", A Study in Preparedness, 1916
Folder 68 "Letters to Judd", An American Workingman, By Upton Sinclair
Folder 69 "Think or Surrender", By George R. Kirkpatrick
Folder 70 Assorted Writings (5) By Upton Sinclair, Pasadena, California
Folder 71 "Two Constitutions", By Oscar Ameringer
Folder 72 Assorted Leftist Papers
Folder 73 "Sit-Down", By Joel Seidman, and "A G.M. Stockholder Visits Flint", By Robert Morss Lovett, March, 1937
Folder 74 "Realignment", One Year After the Party Convention
Folder 75 "The Appeal Almanac and Arsenal of Facts for 1917", 1917
Folder 76 "No!,Steps to Create Peace", By the Peace Work Group Socialist Party USA
Folder 77 "America at the Crossroads", By David P. Berenberg, 1934
Folder 78 "Leaflet No. 6", Testimony to the Charges Against Assemblyman Solomon
Folder 79 "Tampa- Tar and Terror"
Folder 80 "Wages in Mexican Money", By Mary E. Marcy
Folder 81 "Socialist Campaign Songs"
Folder 82 "Socialist Song Book"
Folder 83 "Value, Price and Profit", By Karl Marx
Folder 84 Intemperance and Poverty, by T. Twining
Folder 85 Pocket Library of Socialism, No. 39, "Socialism and the Organized Labor Movement", By May Wood Simmons
Folder 86 Pocket Library of Socialism, No. 48, "Useful Work Versus Useless Toil", By William Morris
Folder 87 Pocket Library of Socialism, No. 50, "Marx on Cheapness"
Folder 88 "Economic Evolution", By Paul Lafargue
Folder 89 "Science and Socialism", By Robert Rives La Monte
Folder 90 "Rational Prohibition", An Address to Temperance Workers, Delivered in Los Angeles, June 22, 1902, By Walter L. Young
Folder 91 "What's So and What Isn't", By John M. Work, 1916
Folder 92 "The Cold War and the Russian Bogeyman: A Socialist Analysis"
Folder 93 "Why I am a Socialist", By Norman Thomas
Folder 94 "Democracy and Revolution", By Friedrich Adler
Folder 95 A Socialist Party of America Membership Card
Folder 96 "Capitalism, Socialism, Communism?- A Debate"
Folder 97 "Convict 9653, America's Vision Maker", Story of Eugene Victor Debs, the United States' Great Socialist Anti-Militarist, By Guy A. Aldred
Folder 98 Certain Misconceptions, A Few Current Objections to Socialism Answered, by John M. Work, 1931
Folder 99 Are There Classes in America?, by Ralph Korkngold
Folder 100 Little Blue Book, No. 1703, Organizing the World for Socialism, Clarence Senior, 1931
Folder 101 ASQ, American Socialist Quarterly Reprints, No. 1, "Towards Socialist Reorientation", By Haim Kantorovitch
Folder 102 "Problems of Revolutionary Socialism", By Haim Kantorovitch
Folder 103 The Essence of Socialism, by William H. Watts, 1910
Folder 104 "Wage-Labor and Capital", By Karl Marx
Folder 105 The Socialist Appeal, August-September, 1935
Folder 106 Socialist Party Leaflet, No. 4, "How Socialists Organized the Unions in Germany", By Robert Hunter
Folder 107 Socialism, What it is, and How to Get it, by Oscar Ameringer, 1930
Folder 108 "Scientific Principles of History, Political Economy and Sociology Wrapped in One Bundle
Folder 109 National Constitution of the Socialist Party
Folder 110 The Socialist Party of Ohio Poll Inspector Certificates (2), 1912
Folder 111 "Socialist Party Platform"
Folder 112 "National Constitution of the Socialist Party", 1912
Folder 113 "A Political Guide for the Workers", Socialist Party Campaign Book, 1920
Folder 114 "An Open Letter to Progressives", By Norman Thomas, 1928
Folder 115 "For Socialist America", National Platform, Socialist Party, 1936
Folder 116 "The ABC of Socialism", By Fred Henderson
Folder 117 Technocracy and Socialism, by Paul Blanshard, 1933
Folder 118 A Worker's World, by David P. Berenberg, 1931
Folder 119 "A Plan for America", Official Campaign Handbook of the Socialist Party, 1932
Folder 120 "Inflation, Who Wins and Who Loses?", By Maynard C. Krueger, March 23, 1934
Folder 121 "The Case for Socialism", By Fred Henderson
Folder 122 "Democracy and Revolution", By Friedrich Adler
Folder 123 "Socialist Handbook", 1937
Folder 124 Numerous Issues of Labor and Socialist Press Service, 1936

Box 11
Folder 1 "Constitution of the Socialist Party", 1983
Folder 2 Young Socialist, An Amateur Monthly Socialist Magazine (2), March and April, 1902
Folder 3 "Platform and Program of the Socialist Party of Turtle Creek Borough. General Election", November 8, 1921
Folder 4 The International Socialist Review, April, 1910
Folder 5 Flyer to Attend The Socialist Party's Monthly Meetings
Folder 6 Essentials of Socialism, 1932
Folder 7 Twenty Years of Social Pioneering, 1926
Folder 8 A Coverless League for Industrial Democracy Booklet
Folder 9 Now It Must Be Done, by Irwin St. John Tucker, 1920
Folder 10 "To-Day's Problems and Their Solutions", By 150 Able Writers
Folder 11 "The Land of the Free Socialist America"
Folder 12 "The New Capitalism and the Socialist", By Harry W. Laidler, 1931
Folder 13 "Socialist Songs With Music", Compiled By Charles H. Kerr, 1906
Folder 14 "The New Deal, A Socialist Analysis", By Norman Thomas, December 15, 1933
Folder 15 Membership Card for the Socialist Party of the State of Ohio
Folder 16 Socialist Party Cards (3)
Folder 17 "Soldiers, Sailors and Socialism"
Folder 18 Ohio Socialist Bulletin, May 1911
Folder 19 The Emporia Convincer Newspaper, May 18, 1912
Folder 20 Land and Labor Newspaper, March 7, 1914
Folder 21 The Findlay Call, July 1 1911
Folder 22-86 The American Guardian - Vol. 14 No. 35-Vol. 22 No. 41, May 12, 1933-July 14, 1939

Box 14
Folder 52 Issues of The Pioneer, 1938
Folder 53 A Letter from the Socialist Party National Campaign Committee in Regard to its Negro Work Sub-Committee, September 12, 1936
Folder 54 The Comrade: An Illustrated Socialist Monthly (4), July, November and December, 1902, and February, 1903
Folder 55 Issues of The Journal of the Socialist Party of Illinois (7), 1984-1986
Folder 56 Appeal to Reason Promotional Letter
Folder 57 Criminology, Crimes and Criminals
Folder 58 Wayland's Monthly, May, 1905
Folder 59 Shop Talks on Economics
Folder 60 Reception and Dance Given in Honor of the Delegates to the State Convention, March 20, 1909
Folder 61 Price List, ca. 1910
Folder 62 Your Unions Your Future, 1928
Folder 63 A.B.C. of Socialism, 1924
Folder 64 "The Young People's Socialist League" Flyer, ca. 1971
Folder 65 "Studies in Socialism: What is Yours and How to Get it" H.L. Riggs, October 1910
Folder 66 To-Night Captain C.C. Ross Flyer, 1912
Folder 67 "Packingtown" Pamphlet, 1907
Folder 68 "The Roman Catholic Church Answered: Attack of Roman Catholic Church on Socialism" Pamphlet, 1911
Folder 69 "Studies in Socialism" Pamphlet, 1906-1907
Folder 70 "Monkeys and Monkeyettes: A Reply to ex-President Roosevelt" W.F. Ries 1909
Folder 71 Newsletter to Members of SLP and SDP

Series XVIII. Socialist Worker's Party (SWP)

Scope and Content Notes:

In 1928 the CPUSA expelled American Communists sympathetic to Leon Trotsky and his faction battling Joseph Stalin for control of the international Communist movement. They reconstituted themselves as the Communist League of America. Although a tiny group, estimated at perhaps 100 members, it included several prominent founders of American Communism (e.g. James Cannon) and some talented and energetic organizers. The group made contact with Trotsky sympathizers in other countries, established a journal, The Militant, and pursued an energetic propaganda campaign that led to modest expansion.

In 1934, the group entered the Socialist Party en masse, establishing a caucus within the SP. This strategy facilitated recruitment to the Trotskyist group but inevitably aggravated factionalism within the Socialist Party. In the summer of 1937, the SP began expelling Trotskyists. Those remaining left the SP and established the Socialist Workers Party in December 1937. While still a small group, they had expanded to more than 1000 members between 1928 and 1937, included a number of prominent intellectuals, and had somewhat more political prominence than might be expected from their numbers.

However the movement’s growth was repeatedly compromised by factional splits in which ideological disputes among the leadership promoted splits and formation of tiny rival organizations. In the most serious of these episodes, perhaps 40% of the SWP’s membership seceded to found the Worker’s Party lead by Max Shachtman.

By the 1960s, although the SWP still had not grown much larger than its peak membership before the Shachtmanite split it looked somewhat more significant. The collapse of the CPUSA after 1956 left the SWP as the most energetic and visible of the Old Left parties. Their endorsement of Malcolm X garnered some sympathy among Black radicals, and their support for the Cuban Revolution, such as their participation in the Fair Play for Cuba Committee, also earned support among the emerging New Left generation. They likewise played a prominent role in the anti-Vietnam War movement helping to organize some of the largest demonstrations in Washington, D.C. and other major cities.

In the long run, however, none of this activity resulted in permanent expansion of the organization beyond the modest levels that had characterized it throughout its history.

Box 11
Folder 87 "Vote for Socialism in 1956" Pamphlet, 1956
Folder 88 "Let the People Vote on War!" Pamphlet, ca. 1938
Folder 89 "A Public Forum for the Discussion of the Socialist Workers Party Program" Leaflet, October 15 1960
Folder 90 "The Voice of Socialism: Radio Speeches by the Socialist Workers Party Candidates in the 1948 Election" Pamphlet, August 1948
Folder 91 "Manifesto of the Fourth International on The Imperialist War and the Proletarian Revolution" Pamphlet, 1940
Folder 92 How to Fight War, By James Burnham, March, 1938
Folder 93 Union-Smashing in Sacramento, The Truth About the Criminal Syndicalism Trial, By Herbert Solow, August, 1935
Folder 94 The Stalinists on the Waterfront, By Art Preis April, 1947
Folder 95 "What Makes Latin America Explosive" Flyer
Folder 96 "A Worker for President, Vote Socialist Workers" Flyer
Folder 97 Desegregation! Labor's Stake in the Fight for Negro Equality, By Jean Simon, October, 1955
Folder 98 The United States and the Second World War, The European Revolution and Tasks of The Revolutionary Party, Resolutions of Eleventh Convention of the American Trotskyist Movement, March 1945
Folder 99 "The Truth About Jerry Brown" Pamphlet
Folder 100 War and the 4th International, July, 1934
Folder 101 Stop McCarthyism!, April 1954
Folder 102 "Build a Labor Party Now", By George Clarke, August, 1946
Folder 103 "Fight the Slave Labor Law!", July, 1947
Folder 104 Four Pamphlets from The Case for Socialism as Presented at the Famous Minneapolis Labor Trial Collection. Pamphlets Entitled "Socialism on Trial", "Why We are in Prison", "In Defense of Socialism" and "Who are the 18 Prisoners", March, 1944
Folder 105 The Case of the Legless Veteran, By James Kutcher
Folder 106 The Coming American Revolution, By James P. Cannon, April, 1947
Folder 107 The People's Front, The New Betrayal, by James Burnham, 1937
Folder 108 "Vote Socialist, Steve Bresler for A.S. President, Young Socialist Alliance" Flyer
Folder 109 Why We Defend the Soviet Union, by Albert Goldman
Folder 110 "For a Workers & Farmers Government Vote for Dobb for President, Carlson for Vice-President" Pamphlet
Folder 111 "For a Real Alternative Vote Socialist, Dobbs for President, Weiss for Vice-President, Students for Dobbs and Weiss" Sticker
Folder 112 American Workers Need a Labor Party, By Joseph Hansen, November, 1944
Folder 113 Flyer Advertising a "United Protest Memorial Meeting for Three Wayne State University Students"
Folder 114 Discussion Bulletin No. 1, "The Kremlin's Satellite States in Eastern Europe, Yugoslavia, Marxist Theory, and our Perspectives", By E.R. Frank, April, 1950
Folder 115 Discussion Bulletin No. 3, "The Class Nature of the Buffer Countries in Eastern Europe", By M. Stein, June, 1950
Folder 116 "Wherever death may surprise us, let it be welcome if our battle cry has reached even one receptive ear and another hand reaches out to take up our arms..." -Che
Folder 117 Ten Years: History and Principles of the Left Opposition, November 1933
Folder 118 "A Fighting Program For Labor: Jobs for All" Pamphlet, 1945

Section: Other Trotskyists

Scope and Content Notes:

Despite its small numbers—a peak combined membership of no more than 3,000 in all of its tendencies--the American Trotskyist movement suffered from factionalism and splits throughout its history. That was probably a function of the movement’s ideological heritage and structure. While Socialist and Social Democratic Parties in the US and elsewhere also experienced factional conflict, except in the years immediately following the Bolshevik Revolution, these did not generally produce organizational splits because the parties conceived of themselves as big tent electoral coalition parties, not unlike their bourgeois counterparts. The Trotskyists, in contrast, took from their Communist heritage Leninist notions of centralized and ideologically coherent parties that enforced correct line discipline on all members. But while the Communists had an institutional apparatus—the Comintern and its successors—to establish the terms and limits of orthodoxy, the Trotskyists had no such institutional counterpart. People who believed that establishing and adhering to a correct line was the sine qua non of worthwhile political activity thus had no alternative to splits when they decided that their parent organization had erred grievously in its ideological and strategic judgments.

The largest and most enduring American Trotskyist organization was the Socialist Workers Party (SWP). Other Trotskyist groups represented in the American Left Ephemera Collection include the Workers Party (followers of Max Shachtman), the Spartacist League (an offshoot of the Shachtmanites), and the Workers World Party (followers of ex-CP and ex-SWP member Sam Marcy).

Box 11
Folder 119 The New International, A Symposium on The New Europe, July, 1949
Folder 120 "The Communist Party at the Crossroads: Toward Democratic Socialism or Back to Stalinism", By H.W. Benson
Folder 121 "No More Three Mile Islands! Jobs For All! Fight the Bosses and Their Government", March 28, 1981
Folder 122 3 Worker's World Party Pamphlets Stating "People's Needs, Yes! Profits and War, No!"
Folder 123 Next- A Labor Party!, By Jack Ranger, December, 1948
Folder 124 What is Revolutionary Leadership?
Folder 125 The Fight to Implement Busing for Labor/Black Defense to Stop Racist Attacks and to Smash Fascist Threats, 1974
Folder 126 Fourth International, The American Empire, August, 1949

Box 14
Folder 72 The New International, A Monthly Organ of Revolutionary Marxism, December, 1934
Folder 73 The New International, A Monthly Organ of Revolutionary Marxism, October, 1935

Series XIX. Students for a Democratic Society (SDS)

Scope and Content Notes:

SDS began as the student affiliate of the League for Industrial Democracy (LID), an organization of Fabian minded Socialist intellectuals and labor union officials that published detailed policy statements on public issues from a Social Democratic point of view. The LID sponsored a Student League for Industrial Democracy (SLID) that had substantial membership at several colleges and universities in the Debs era, but by the late 1950s both the parent organization and the student wing had declined to tiny remnants. However, the student wing had picked up energetic organizers influenced by the emerging New Left. In 1960 they rename the organization Students for a Democratic Society, suggesting how they had been influenced by such New Left oriented thinkers as C. Wright Mills. Mills criticized what he called the “labor metaphysic” of the Old Left and urged young activists to pursue new ideas and new strategies. This began a process of estrangement from the parent organization over such issues as anti-communism and the Vietnam War. The ILD was militantly anti-Communist and supported U.S. policy in Vietnam. Most SDS members had scorn for Communism (at least of the capital "C" variety; some of them could reasonably be called small "c" communists), but they were anti-anti-Communist because they considered American anti-Communism as a paranoid crusade stifling creative thinking in the United States. SDS vigorously opposed U.S. policy in Vietnam. SDS did not formally break with the LID until 1965, but the mutual antagonism between the LID and SDS was quite evident several years before.

In its early years SDS was a tiny organization with only a few hundred members on a couple of dozen campuses. It was far smaller than the Student Peace Union, and indeed smaller than the youth organizations of Old Left parties like the CP and the SWP. But the organization began to attract attention after the publication of its Port Huron Statement in 1962 in which it criticized both sides in the Cold War, discussed how both failed to satisfy unfulfilled utopian longings, and advocated as its alternative what it called participatory democracy. SDS also attracted new members through its early collaboration with the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) and its early opposition against the War in Vietnam. It expanded rapidly after its sponsorship of the first large demonstration against the War in Vietnam in April 1965.

By its final years SDS was the largest, indeed the only substantial, organization of the American New Left. How large is impossible to say, in part because SDS, as part of its ideology eschewed the formal bureaucratic apparatus of Old Left organizations. In theory you became a member of SDS by filling out a membership application with a small application fee and mailing it off to the national office in Chicago. In return you received a membership card and a subscription to the national organization’s newspaper, New Left Notes. But most people who considered themselves members of SDS never bothered to do that. Local chapters of SDS operated as wholly autonomous units. In practice an individual was a member of the local chapter if they showed up for meetings and participated in group events. No one had to show a membership card to vote in meetings. De facto membership fluctuated wildly. But by the end of the 1960s certainly several hundred thousand people had participated in events organized by SDS.

In its final years SDS was sharply divided by internal factions. One faction, affiliated with the Progressive Labor Party (PLP), advocated a strategy of a worker-student alliance, and hoped to steer SDS in an Old Left direction. They captured the remnants of the organization after the 1969 convention in which the factions split apart. A second group, harboring romantic fantasies of domestic armed insurrection, conceived of itself as the Americong (in the words of a Jefferson Starship song). They became the Weathermen who attracted considerable press attention despite numbers that never exceeded two or three hundred. A third faction, essentially defined only by its opposition to the other two, had even less staying power. Within a year of the 1969 convention none of the factions amounted to anything. Most of the membership drifted away from all of them in bewilderment.

This sad ending reflected a broader sense of strategic impasse among New Left activists. The antiwar movement staged many of the largest political demonstrations in American history, but the war raged on. Activists talked about participatory democracy and shouted “Power to the People!” but they were painfully aware that the larger public viewed student activists with hostility even as public opinion about the war was shifting. Factional conflict within radical movements was also stimulated by the penetration of the national security state into the movement. Political authorities were sufficiently worried by the revolutionary posturing of New Leftists and Black revolutionaries that they assigned thousands of agents to monitor and infiltrate activist groups. As part of the Federal government’s Cointelpro program, undercover agents were instructed to encourage internal conflict and factional division.

Box 11
Folder 127 "Don't Forget the Motor City"
Folder 128 "Radical America", New York Rent Strike, Analysis and Comments by Activists, By James Weinstein, November-December, 1967
Folder 129 Photograph of Students Protesting the Vietnam War April 18, 1965
Folder 130 "The Berkeley Free Speech Controversy", By Eric Levine
Folder 131 "Grape Strike Report Number 1", ca. 1965
Folder 132 The Irregular N. 3, January 3, 1966
Folder 133 The Irregular N. 5, February 14, 1966
Folder 134 The Irregular N. 6, March 19, 1966
Folder 135 The Irregular N. 8, June 3, 1966
Folder 136 "Students for a Democratic Society" Letter, May 1, 1968
Folder 137 SDS Press Statement
Folder 138 U. of Washington SDS News

Series XX. Student Peace Union (SPU)

Scope and Content Notes:

The Student Peace Union (SPU), founded in 1959, initially focused on nuclear disarmament but expanded to a broader range of peace issues including opposition to the war in Vietnam. Before the expansion of SDS in the mid-1960s the SPU was the largest organization of New left college students with a peak membership of perhaps 5,000. The organization was eclipsed by a combination of internal factional disputes and the rapid expansion of SDS after 1964. Most of the SPU material in the American Left Ephemera Collection came from the papers of a Philadelphia activist, Tom Barton.

Box 11
Folder 139 "Highlander Center: An Approach to Culture and Social Change" Pamphlet
Folder 140 Washington Protest Newspaper Article, February 19 1962
Folder 141 Letter Explaining the Political Climate of Chicago, July 29, 1963
Folder 142 "Secondary Concerns and Role Structure: A Case Study of the Student Peace Union", December 20 1961
Folder 143 Brooklyn SPU Protest Flyers (Nuclear, Jim Crow, Defense), April 1962
Folder 144 Army Education Center Postcard, December 1963
Folder 145 "What Are You Doing About Your Undeclared War?" Flyer and Event Details, June 3 1963
Folder 146 "The Youth Peace Corps and the Cold War" Information Sheet
Folder 147 SPU Program Statement
Folder 148 "Nuclear Testing" Statement Released by SPU National Steering Committee, October 3 1961
Folder 149 "Toward a Meaningful Peace Corps" Student Petition, April 1961
Folder 150 "Civil Liberties" Information Sheet and Statement of Purpose
Folder 151 "Adopt Arnoni's Vietnam Proposal!" Propaganda Sheet, 1965
Folder 152 "For a Turn Toward Peace" Petition/Flyer, 1962
Folder 153 "No Resumption of U.S. Nuclear Tests in the Atmosphere" Flyer
Folder 154 "Policy Statement" from Washington D.C. Protest
Folder 155 "Washington Action Project" Memo, January 11, 1961
Folder 156 "Call to a Conference on Student Peace Action" Flyer, December 2-3 1961
Folder 157 "A Christmas Day Protest Against Resumption of Atmospheric Testing" Flyer, December 25 1961
Folder 158 "Washington Action" Flyer
Folder 159 "Walk on Washington" Information Sheet, 1962
Folder 160 "Call to Action for Letters to Kennedy" Flyer
Folder 161 "Student Action For a Turn Toward Peace" Flyer, 1961
Folder 162 "Turn Toward Peace" Pamphlet, 1961
Folder 163 "A Proposal for the Student Peace Movement" Research Paper, 1962
Folder 164 SYU Business-Educational Meeting "Washington Peace Project" Flyer, 1962
Folder 165 "Washington Action Rally" Flyer, 1962
Folder 166 "USA! USSR! NO!" Flyer, 1962
Folder 167 "Student Action for a Turn Toward Peace: Washington Project" Pamphlet, February 16-17 1962
Folder 168 "News From the Peace Front" Flyer, 1961
Folder 169 "The Cuban Crisis and It's Aftermath" Flyer
Folder 170 "Peace March" Newspaper Article, April 22 1962
Folder 171 Student Institute on Non-Violence and Social Change Meeting Flyer
Folder 172 "Problems of Peace" Flyer
Folder 173 New York Regional Newsletter, February 14 1964
Folder 174 "HEMP Marijuana Prohibition Protest" Flyer
Folder 175 New York Regional Newsletter - Easter Edition, March 15, 1964
Folder 176 "Bertrand Russell on the War in Vietnam" Pamphlet, 1963
Folder 177 "No More Hiroshimas" Flyer
Folder 178 "Struggle for Peace and Freedom" Leaflet, September 1962
Folder 179 "No More Hiroshimas...Peace Is Our Only Defense", August 6 1963
Folder 180 "Christian Decision and Nuclear War" Flyer
Folder 181 "Whoever You Are...Wherever You Live" Flyer
Folder 182 "Students and the Peace Movement: Problems and Perspectives" Research Essay
Folder 183 "Student Peace Union" Flyer
Folder 184 "Peace Marchers Are Back" Flyer
Folder 185 "Hiroshima Resolution" Research, July 1962
Folder 186 "1963 Easter Peace Walk Itinerary" Flyer, 1963
Folder 187 "A Call to Easter 1963 Student Peace Walk" Flyer, 1963
Folder 188 SPU Newsletter - Middle Atlantic Region, April 10 1963
Folder 189 "High School Conference of Peace" Flyer
Folder 190 "Two Scientists Look at Civil Defense" Flyer, February 6 1962
Folder 191 Rustin, McReynolds, and Barton Lecture Flyer, October 1 1961
Folder 192 "Walk For Peace 'Peace Saturday' Flyer
Folder 193 Regional Event Notices and Invitations, 1960-1964
Folder 194 SPU Event Research and Newspaper Clippings, 1960-1964

Box 12
Folder 1 SPU Steering Committee Minutes and Meeting Itineraries, 1960-1964
Folder 2 SPU Internal Correspondence and Memos, 1960-1964
Folder 3 SPU Meeting Minutes and Member Mailing Lists, 1960-1964
Folder 4 SPU Meeting Minutes and Member Mailing Lists, 1960-1964
Folder 5 SPU Financial and Member Correspondence, 1960-1964
Folder 6 SPU Financial and Member Correspondence, 1960-1964
Folder 7 SPU Financial and Member Correspondence, 1960-1964
Folder 8 SPU Financial and Member Correspondence, 1960-1964
Folder 9 SPU Financial and Member Correspondence, 1960-1964
Folder 10 SPU Financial and Member Correspondence, 1960-1964
Folder 11 SPU Financial and Member Correspondence, 1960-1964
Folder 12 SPU Financial and Member Correspondence, 1960-1964
Folder 13 SPU Financial and Member Correspondence, 1960-1964
Folder 14 SPU Financial and Member Correspondence, 1960-1964
Folder 15 "Beyond Deterrence", A Series of Studies
Folder 16 "I Accuse!", Dr. James G. Endicott Describes Germ Warfare, 1952
Folder 17 Flyer for WSP's Annual Spring Meeting, 1964
Folder 18 "The Cuban Crisis", Policy Statement of the National Committee for Nonviolent Action
Folder 19 Student Peace Union Bulletin, January 1962
Folder 20 Songs for Peace, Compiled and edited by The Student Peace Union, Introduction by Pete Seeger, 1966
Folder 21 Student Peace Union Recruitment Brochure
Folder 22 Assorted memorabilia

Series XXI. Utopian Socialism

Scope and Content Notes:

Since the 1820s small groups of socialist and anarchist reformers and revolutionaries had established model communities as essentially arguments by example. They hoped that the success of such communities would inspire others and silence critics who argued that communal or collective modes of social organization were contrary to human nature. Most failed in five years of less, but this did not dissuade later enthusiasts from trying again. The Llano Colony included among its sponsors prominent California Socialists including Job Harriman, the 1900 Socialist vice presidential candidate and 1911 Socialist Los Angeles mayoral candidate. After several years in Southern California, the group sold its California property and relocated to Louisiana where it survived longer than most such efforts. The counterculture of the late 1960s spawned a new wave of rural communes but few lasted any longer than those of earlier generations.

Box 12
Folder 23 "Gateway to Freedom" Pamphlet, 1925
Folder 24 Promotional Letter for the Llano Colonist, 1925

Series XXII. Vietnam War

Scope and Content Notes:

Vietnamese Communists initiated armed struggle against the French colonialists in 1929. Although largely driven underground during the 1930s, they maintained armed militias that began to fight the Japanese military after the 1940 Japanese occupation. These became the seed for the army of the Viet Minh, The League for the Independence of Viet Nam, a Communist led organization that incorporated other nationalists. The Viet Minh did not attempt large scale engagements against the Japanese army but did have de facto control of parts of the countryside by 1945 when they staged an uprising in Hanoi a few weeks after the Japanese surrender in World War 2. They declared a provisional government of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam.

When the French attempted to reassert control in 1946 war ensued until their defeat at Dien Ben Phu in 1954. By the later stage of this French-Vietnamese War, French troops had essentially become a mercenary army for the U.S. Motivated by Cold War concerns of Communist advance in SE Asia U.S. policy makers decided to pay for most of the cost of the French military effort.

Under an armistice agreement the Viet Minh troops withdrew north of the 17th parallel and an international conference in Geneva negotiated peace accords and proposed a 1956 election to determine the government for Vietnam. The election was never held in part because the U.S. feared a Communist victory. Thereafter a Communist government controlled North Vietnam and a regime allied with the U.S. controlled South Vietnam.

The South Vietnamese government was controlled by unpopular elites, many of them Catholic and French speaking and viewed by some of their population as former collaborators with the French colonialists. Fighting broke out in the late 1950s between peasant veterans of the Viet Minh in South Vietnam and troops of the South Vietnamese government. Initially the North Vietnamese were reluctant to support the guerilla movement in the South, in part because of pressure from Soviet leaders seeking détente with the U.S., but the guerilla war escalated into full scale war between the governments of North and South Vietnam by the early 1960s.

Since 1956 the U.S. had provided the South Vietnamese government with arms and financial aid and small contingents of U.S. military advisors. As the war went badly for the South Vietnamese government, these commitments ratcheted steadily upward with the number of U.S. “advisors” reaching 16,000 by 1963.

By the following year the South Vietnamese government approached military collapse, and the Johnson administration decided on a full scale military commitment to prevent Communist victory in Vietnam. U.S. troops strength peaked at more than 500,000, augmented by the most massive commitment of airpower in global military history. The U.S. dropped more tons of bombs on Vietnam than all combatants had dropped during World War 2.

The last U.S. troops withdrew in 1975. Over 58,000 Americans died in Vietnam. Vietnamese casualty figures are subject to debate, but the Vietnamese government claims more than one million Vietnamese military casualties and more than two million additional civilian casualties.

American Communists and some non-Communist peace activists occasionally published accounts critical of the US supported French war in Vietnam and the US support of the South Vietnamese government after 1956, but these attracted little notice before the escalation of US military involvement. Small demonstrations against the war occurred in 1963 and 1964, but the first large scale protest against US involvement in Vietnam was an anti war march in Washington sponsored by SDS in April 1965. Thereafter the scale and intensity of antiwar protest paralleled the expansion of US military action. The movement peaked in 1970 shortly after the Nixon administration admitted expanding US military action into neighboring Cambodia (such incursions had occurred before but on a smaller scale and not publicly acknowledged). For the first time since the beginning of the US military effort, a majority in national opinion polls declared the war a mistake and said the US should withdraw.

The long war in Vietnam fueled the expansion of the New Left in the United States more than any other cause or event. The anti-Vietnam War items in the collection were produced by a diverse array of national organizations and local ad hoc action groups. As expected, a majority of the material is from the period between 1967 though 1973.

Box 12
Folder 25 "March on Washington April 24" Flyer
Folder 26 "...Stop the War and Proceed to Deal With the Problems of America..." Pamphlet
Folder 27 People's Coalition for Peace & Justice Pamphlet
Folder 28 "SMC's Antiwar Guide to Penn" Flyer
Folder 29 In The Teeth of War, Photographic Documentary of the March 26th, 1966 New York City Demonstration Against the War in Vietnam, Text by: Dave Dellinger, A.J. Muste, Donald Duncan, Norman Mailer and others, 1967
Folder 30 Assorted Photographs of Vietnam Protestors and Soldiers in Berkeley, CA.
Folder 31 "10,000 GIs Killed Since the Peace Talks Started May 1968" Flyer, April 1969
Folder 32 "The War Is On!" Flyer, April 1972
Folder 33 "Support the Vets" Flyer, February 2 1972
Folder 34 "We Refuse to Serve" Flyer, ca. 1967
Folder 35 "Black G.I. Framed on Frag Rap FREE BILLY SMITH" Flyer, 1971
Folder 36 "Strike Against the War November 14th, March on Washington November 15th" Flyer October 1969
Folder 37 "Return to Fort Dix May 16 -- Armed Forces Day" Flyer, May 1970
Folder 38 "Statewide Action in Detroit! MARCH! OCTOBER 31" Flyer, October 1970
Folder 39 "Join the Conspiracy" Flyer, September 23 1969
Folder 40 "All Out April 15! Bring All the Troops Home!" Flyer
Folder 41 "Statement: the Boston Eight" Newsletter, November 1969
Folder 42 "Stop the Bombing" Protest Photograph
Folder 43 Protester on Car, Photograph
Folder 44 Anti-War Protests, Shattuck Pharmacy
Folder 45 Anti-War Protestor
Folder 46 Anti-War Protest, Police Cruiser
Folder 47 Anti-War March Photograph
Folder 48 "Peace in Vietnam" Protest Photo
Folder 49 "Why?" Protest Photograph
Folder 50 "Don't Fight. Go To Prison!" Protest Photograph
Folder 51 "Don't Hurt Those Children in Vietnam" Protest Photograph
Folder 52 Anti-War Silent Protest
Folder 53 "Vietnam Day committee" Protest Photograph
Folder 54 "Flower Hat" Protest Photograph
Folder 55 "Spring Offensive To End The War" Flyer Washington D.C., April 24-May 5, 1971
Folder 56 "Join the GI Rebellion!" Flyer
Folder 57 From Our Own Backyard, Old Wars Never Fade Away Pamphlet
Folder 58 Anti-War Paraphernalia
Folder 59 Bring Them Home Now!
Folder 60 Assorted Flyers
Folder 61 Assorted March for Peace Flyers
Folder 62 "Release Us From Bondage", Six Days in Vietnamese Prison, July, 1974
Folder 63 "Treaty of Peace and Solidarity"
Folder 64 Letter from the National Committee to Defend the Rights of South Vietnamese Students, June 8, 1972
Folder 65 "South Vietnam in Struggle"
Folder 66 Flyer for the McGovern-Shriver Campaign
Folder 67 A Peoples Peace Treaty- Indochina Peace Campaign Flyer with Attached Letter
Folder 68 "Saigon's Prisoners", An Indochina Peace Campaign Report
Folder 69 "Don Duncan Speaks Out"
Folder 70 Various loose memorabilia

Box 14
Folder 74 "The United States' War in Vietnam", February 1965
Folder 75 Free Student Newspaper
Folder 76 "People's Peace Treaty" Flyer
Folder 77 Free Billy Smith
Folder 78 Demonstrate Against the War
Folder 79 Stop the Mines, the Bombs, the War Now
Folder 80 Some Facts About Vietnam
Folder 81 Send Nixon a Message Block Traffic Friday Morning
Folder 82 October 14 March and Rally Against the War
Folder 83 Bring the Troops Home Now
Folder 84 Women for Peace Letter, April 21, 1972
Folder 85 Winter Soldier
Folder 86 The People Will Make the Peace
Folder 87 A War Ship Can Be Stopped November 1971
Folder 88 Support G.I. Resistance, May 22, 1972
Folder 89 We Too Resist, May 20 1968
Folder 90 ...and now Laos, 1970
Folder 91 "U.S. Bombing Of Vietnamese Dikes Shocks The World", 1972
Folder 92 "They've Had Enough Haven't You?", April 24 1971
Folder 93 Strike! Flyer
Folder 94 Washington D.C. Protest Flyer, November 13-15 1969
Folder 95 On to Miami! GOP National Convention Protest Flyer, August 20-23 1968
Folder 96 Support G.I. Resistance! Flyer
Folder 97 Up Against the Wall Street Journal, February 11, 1970
Folder 98 Assorted Flyers and other Anti-Vietnam War Documents
Folder 99 "March Against the Pentagon" Flyer, March 27, 1981
Folder 100 Vietnam Notes

Series XXIII. Realia: Pins and Other Objects

Box 18 Anti-War Cemetery Pin
May Day, International Workers' Day Pin
Workers' Power Pin
CPUSA Pin
Bring Justice to America's Fields in '76 Pin, 1975-1976
"We're here for you, you're out there for us" Pin
"Register for Peace - Indianapolis, May 22" Pin
"Peace" Pin
"Vote Socialist Workers in '72 - Jennings and Pulley" Pin
"Vote Socialist Worker in '68" Pin
"Vote Communist - Mitchell and Zagarell" Pin
"No Nukes" Pin
"Vote Socialist Workers in '72 - Linda Jennings for Pres." Pin
"Vote Socialist Workers in '72 - Andrew Pulley for V.P." Pin
"Amter for Congress" Pin