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Series III. Anti-War Propaganda
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Scope and Content Notes: Four waves of peace and antiwar activity played major roles within the twentieth century American Left. First Socialists before and during WW1 opposed military preparation and American participation in the war after 1917. In the 1930s revulsion against the memory of WW1 and fear that the world was drifting towards an even more devastating world war fueled large scale antiwar and peace agitation. Antiwar activity overlapped with antifascism (as in the title of one of the largest organizations—The League Against War and Fascism) because activists perceived the militarized fascist right as the primary source of war threats. College students played a key role in the movement circulating mass petitions urging draft refusal and staging several one day national strikes for peace. In the late 1950s and early 1960s the biggest focus of peace agitation was nuclear disarmament, but by the late 1960s opposition to the War in Vietnam predominated. Peace and antiwar agitation continued through subsequent decades but never reached the levels of mass support of these earlier waves. Communists also campaigned actively for peace in the late 1940s and 1950s and opposed US participation in the Korean War, but they did not generate mass support because most Americans, including those who also opposed the Korean War, believed that Communist antiwar efforts were motivated by support for Soviet national interests rather than a more general commitment to peace.
The American Left Ephemera collection includes items from of all of these eras. Communist material from the Cold War and Korean War are overrepresented, compared to the support they actually commanded, because even as the Party declined, it still had sufficient resources to support substantial publication of its materials.
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Box 1
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143 |
"Address of Dr. Harry F. Ward American Congress for Peace and Democracy", January 7, 1939
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144 |
"Summary of Proceedings of American Congress for Peace and Democracy", January 13, 1939
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145 |
"Proposed Draft of Revised Constitution of the American League for Peace and Democracy for Discussion at the Congress"
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146 |
The World Congress Against War, August 27-29, 1932
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147 |
The American Struggle for Peace, 1952
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148 |
A Key to Survival, by Margret Hofmann, 1962
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149 |
The Dean of Canterbury To the People of America, "We Can Keep Peace"
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150 |
"Sure, War is Hell! But What Can You Do About It?, The Reverse Side of This Leaflet Tells What You Can Do About It...", March 13, 1953
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151 |
Southern California Peace Crusade, "Peace with Jobs!", 1953
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152 |
"Memo from a Veteran Who's Still Fighting"
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153 |
National Defense, by John Franklin, April 1936
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154 |
Which Way for Young Americans?, by Gus Hall, October 1950
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155 |
"Meet Your Local Merchant of Death", compiled By Narmic, June 1977
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156 |
"Stop Iran Iraq War, Iran-Iraq Peace Movement..." Sticker
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158 |
"The Cruise Missile", by Dan Smith, 1977
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157 |
"Damage Report, How Reagan Administration has hurt workers, the needy, the elderly...enriched the rich, Big Oil, the corporations, AFL-CIO Solidarity Party", September 19, 1981
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159 |
$222 Billion Dollars
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160 |
Assorted Holiday Cards for Peace
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161 |
"American League for Peace and Democracy Report" by Russell Thayer, Acting Executive Secretary, 1938
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162 |
Assorted Flyers Petitioning Against the Fleet of 244 B-1 Bombers
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163 |
Antiwar Speak out Flyer
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164 |
From Korean Truce to World Peace, by Robert Mann
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165 |
The American People Want Peace, A Survey of Public Opinion, by Jessica Smith, 1955
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166 |
The Atomic Arming of the West German Federal Republic-
An Imminent Danger To Peace, 1964
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167 |
Guns are Ready, by Seymour Waldman, January 1935
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168 |
How to Keep America Out of War, by Kirby Page, 1939
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169 |
The Price of Peace, by E. Guy Talbott, 1935
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170 |
"Peace- The Present Imperative"
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171 |
"Black Shirt Black Skin", by Boake Carter
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172 |
Military "Glory" in the Colleges, by Paul Blanshard, February 18, 1925
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173 |
The Menace of a New World War, January, 1936
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174 |
"Hell in the Heavens", June 1931
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175 |
Selections from War Without Violence, By Krishnalal Shridharani, 1939
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176 |
"Program for Governmental Action To Keep The United States Out of War and War Out of the World", Mid 1930's
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177 |
A Call To Peace Now, A Message to the Society of Friends, by Dorothy Hutchinson
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178 |
Keep America Out of War
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179 |
Report to FDR, Documentary Evidence on the Origins of the Cold War, 1955
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180 |
Is Disarmament Possible?
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181 |
"The United States and Disarmament", 1931
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Box 13
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34 |
Drive the Snakes Out of El Salvador; St. Patrick's Day Benefit Flyer, 1981
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35 |
Peace Pipe, 1962
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36 |
"Peace Walk to the World's Fair", May 5, 1962
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37 |
"Friends! We Need Your Help!"
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38 |
Stop The U.S. War in El Salvador, March 27, 1982
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39 |
"Protest Protest Protest Kirkpatrick Visit" Flyer, April 26, 1981
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40 |
This Administration Has Declared War On Americans, 1981
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41 |
An Evening of Solidarity With The People of El Salvador, March 23 1982
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42 |
"No More Three Mile Islands U.S. Out of El Salvador" Flyer, 1981
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Box 20
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92 |
War Resister's League Peace Calendar, 1955
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93 |
War Resister's League Peace Calendar, 1956
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94 |
War Resister's League Peace Calendar, 1958
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95 |
War Resister's League Peace Calendar, 1959
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96 |
War Resister's League Peace Calendar, 1960
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97 |
War Resister's League Peace Calendar, 1961
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98 |
War Resister's League Peace Calendar, 1962
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99 |
War Resister's League Peace Calendar, 1963
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100 |
War Resister's League Peace Calendar, 1964
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101 |
War Resister's League Peace Calendar, 1965
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102 |
"Desert and Hope" Songbook, 1981
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103 |
"Peace Action of the National Council for Prevention of War", September 1945
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104 |
"I'm an Ill Adjusted Veteran" Pamphlet, Edgar L. Jones, 1945
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106 |
"Words of Conscience: Religious Statements on Conscientious Objections", 1980
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Box 37
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2 |
Delegates National Assembly for Peace, 1952
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Box 35
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26 |
Stop U.S. Wars, ca. 2003
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